Triklorfonun Gammarus pulex’te Bazı Enzimatik Antioksidanlara Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Organofosfat (OP) bileşikleri zararlıları ve böcekleri yok etmek için en yaygın kullanılan kimyasal maddelerdir. Triklorfon tarımda sebze ve meyve zararlılarına karşı kullanılan bir OP pestisittir. Bu çalışmada triklorfona maruz bırakılan Gammarus pulex'in antioksidan tepkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Asetilkolinesteraz (AChE), sitokrom P450 (CYP1A1) ve glutatyon S-transferaz (GST) enzim aktiviteleri, ELISA yöntemi kullanılarak mikroplaka okuyucuda ölçülmüştür. AChE enzim aktivitesini kontrol ile karşılaştırdığımızda tüm gruplarda (LC50 değerinin 1/8, 1/16 ve 1/32'sini içeren A, B ve C konsantrasyon grupları) 24 saat sonra istatistiksel açıdan anlamsız (p>0,05) artmış, 96 saatte ise istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı (p<0,05) azalmıştır. Maruziyet süreleri istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldığında A ve B gruplarındaki azalmanın ancak 96 saatlik süre sonunda anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05). CYP1A1 enzim aktivitesi kontrol grubuna göre tüm gruplarda istatistiksel açıdan anlamsız azalmıştır (p>0,05). GST enzim aktivitesi her iki grupta da uygulamadan 24 ve 96 saat sonra kontrole göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı (p<0,05) artmıştır. G. pulex'te triklorfon'a karşı AChE, CYP1A1 ve GST enzim aktivitelerindeki değişimlere bakıldığında bu enzimlerin yararlı biyobelirteçler olarak kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Trichlorfon
• antioxidant enzymes
• acetylcholinesterase
• Gammarus pulex
• oxidative stress.

Determination of the Effects of Trichlorfon on Enzymatic Antioxidants in Gammarus pulex

Öz

Organophosphate (OP) compounds are the most commonly used chemical substances to eliminate pests and insects. Trichlorfon is an OP pesticide used in agriculture against vegetable and fruit pests. In this study, it was aimed to investigate antioxidant responses of Gammarus pulex exposed to trichlorfon. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme activities were measured in a microplate reader using the ELISA method. When we compared AChE enzyme activity with control, it increased in all groups after 24 hours (p>0.05) and decreased in 96 hours (p<0.05). When the exposure times were statistically compared, the decrease in the A and B groups was found to be significant only at the end of the 96-hour period (p<0.05). CYP1A1 enzyme activity decreased in all groups compared to control group (p>0.05). GST enzyme activity was increased in both groups after 24 and 96 hours of application compared to control (p<0.05). When we look at the changes in AChE, CYP1A1 and GST enzyme activities in G. pulex against trichlorfon, it was concluded that these enzymes can be used as useful biomarkers. G. pulex has proven to be an effective bioindicator that shows trichlorfon pollution in water.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Trichlorfon
• antioxidant enzymes
• acetylcholinesterase
• Gammarus pulex
• oxidative stress.

Kaynakça

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