Treatment of Biogas Slurry by Microalgae

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 34 - 42, 31.03.2020

Aydın Kaan Töre Mustafa Işık

Öz

Global warming has become a current issue of concern in the world today. The main source of global climate change is the increasing amount of greenhouse gases released from fossil fuels that provide the energy needed for human activities. Scientists are seeking to find solutions to global warming through the mitigation of the greenhouse gases. Biofuels such as biodiesel, bioethanol and biogas have been considered as an environmentally friendly fuel source, are now being used and are intended to be widely used in the near future. Biogas slurry, also known as digestate during anaerobic processes, contains a significant proportion of nutrients. In recent years, numerous studies have been performed to treat biogas slurry, and to produce algal biomass, by removing nutrient from anaerobic effluents by microalgae-based technology. When micro algae are cultured in nutrient-rich effluents, this provides a source of food for the growth of microalgae. As a result, the produced biomass can be used for biofuel production. Furthermore, the biogas slurry with contaminants especially with nitrogen and phosphorus, which has the potential to contaminate underground and surface water resources can be treated by this way. In this study, the literature on biogas slurry and treatment of it’s by microalgae cultures have been reviewed taking into account the management of biogas slurry for water pollution and biomass production for biofuel.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biogas slurry, Biomass production, Microalgae, Treatment, Water pollution

Mikroalglerle Biyogaz Çamurunun Arıtımı

Öz

Küresel ısınma, bugün dünyada endişe veren sorun haline gelmiştir. Küresel iklim değişikliğinin temel kaynağı insan faaliyetleri için ihtiyaç duyulan enerjiyi sağlayan fosil yakıtlardan açığa çıkan sera gazlarının artan miktarlarıdır. Bilim adamları, sera gazlarının azaltılması yoluyla küresel ısınmaya çözüm bulmaya çalışmaktadır. Biyodizel, biyoetanol ve biyogaz gibi biyoyakıtlar çevre dostu bir yakıt kaynağı olarak düşünülmüş, günümüzde kullanılmaya başlanmış ve yakın gelecekte de yaygın olarak kullanılması hedeflenmektedir. Anaerobik prosesler sırasında oluşan digestate olarak da bilinen biyogaz çamuru önemli oranda besi elementi içermektedir. Son yıllarda, biyogaz çamurunun arttırılması ve algal biyokütle üretmek için mikroalgal bazlı teknoloji ile anaerobik olarak arıtılmış atık sulardan besi elementleri gideren birçok çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Mikroalgler, besi elementlerince zengin atık sularda çoğaltıldığında, mikroalglerin büyümesi için bir besin kaynağı sağlanmış olur. Sonuç olarak, üretilen biyokütle, biyoyakıt üretiminde kullanılabilir. Ayrıca, özellikle azot ve fosfor başta olmak üzere içerdiği kirleticiler ile yeraltı ve yüzey su kaynaklarını kirletme potansiyeline sahip olan biyogaz çamuru bu yolla arıtılabilir. Bu çalışmada, biyogaz çamuru ve onun mikroalg kültürleri ile arıtılması ile ilgili literatür, su kirliliği ilgili biyogaz çamuru yönetimine ve biyoyakıt için biyokütle üretimi dikkate alınarak gözden geçirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyogaz çamuru, Biyokütle üretimi, Enerji, Mikroalg, Arıtım, Su kirliliği

Kaynakça

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