Creating an Inventory of Ship Emissions of the Port of Bartın and Calculating the Environmental Cost of Port Emissions

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 4, 208 - 218, 31.12.2020

Aydın TOKUŞLU

Öz

In this study, the exhaust gas emissions generated from ships visiting the Bartın port in 2018 were calculated according to operational modes (cruise, manoeuvre and port), and a total of 31,177 tons, including 230 tons of SOX, 551 tons of NOX, 28 tons of PM, 30,347 tons of CO2 and 21 tons of VOC were measured. It was observed that the general cargo vessels (95%), which visited the port the most, were the ones that emitted the most emission and were responsible for 89% of the emissions. General cargo ships are followed by passenger/ro-ro/cargo ships (5%) and chemical ships (3%) in emission ranking. It was analysed that ship emissions occur mostly during cruise mode (87%). Emissions in port mode follow it with a rate of 12%. The total environmental cost of emissions from ships was estimated as $17.3 million and the environmental cost was found to be $48.068 per ship. This study is the first study to estimate ship emissions of the port of Bartın in the Black Sea region. It has been observed that the Bartın port emissions are at a level that cannot be neglected throughout the province. In this context, SOX, NOX and PM emissions that threaten human health in the port area should be carefully monitored and measures to reduce emissions should be taken immediately.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bartın port, emission, port, port, environmental pollution, air pollution

Bartın Limanı Gemi Emisyonlarının Envanterinin Oluşturulması ve Liman Emisyonlarının Çevresel Maliyetinin Hesaplanması

Öz

Bu çalışmada, 2018 yılında Bartın limanını ziyaret eden gemilerin ortaya çıkardığı egzoz gazı emisyonları hareket modlarına (seyir, manevra ve liman) hesaplanmış ve gemilerin 230 ton SOX, 551 ton NOX, 28 ton PM, 30.347 ton CO2 ve 21 ton VOC olmak üzere toplam 31.177 ton emisyon salınımı gerçekleştirdiği ölçülmüştür. Limanı en çok ziyaret eden kuru yük gemilerinin %89 oran ile en çok emisyon salınımına sebep olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Emisyon sıralamasında kuru yük gemilerini, yolcu/ro-ro/kargo gemileri (%5) ve kimyasal taşıyan gemiler (%3) takip etmektedir. Gemi emisyonlarının en çok seyir modu (%87) esnasında ortaya çıktığı analiz edilmiştir. Liman modundaki emisyonlar %12’lik bir oran ile seyir modunu takip etmektedir. Gemilerin salınım yaptığı emisyonların çevresel maliyeti 17,3 milyon dolar olarak hesaplanmış ve çevresel maliyet gemi başına 48.068 dolar olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma Karadeniz bölgesindeki Bartın limanı gemi emisyonlarının tahmin edildiği ilk çalışmadır. Bartın limanı emisyonlarının il genelinde ihmal edilmeyecek seviyede olduğu görülmüştür. Bu kapsamda liman alanında insan sağlığını tehdit eden SOX, NOX ve PM emisyonları dikkatlice izlenmeli ve emisyonları azaltacak tedbirler vakit geçirilmeksizin alınmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bartın limanı, emisyon, liman, çevre kirliliği, hava kirliliği

Kaynakça

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