Internet Self-Efficacy of Secondary School Students: Effects of Computer Use, Email Use and Student Characteristiscs

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 1, 259 - 277, 01.04.2012

Semiral Öncü Erhan Şengel Şehnaz BALTACI Göktalay

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

-

İlköğretim Öğrencilerinin İnternet Öz-Yeterlikleri: Bilgisayar Kullanımı, Eposta Kullanımı ve Bireysel Özelliklerin Etkileri

Öz

Eğitimde teknoloji kullanımı üzerine artan bir ilgi var. Teknoloji yardımıyla öğrenme faaliyetlerine etkili bir şekilde katılabilmeleri için öğrencilerin bilgisayar konusunda bilgili olmaları gerekiyor. Internet öz-yeterliği, bilgisayar uzmanlığının potansiyel bir göstergesidir. Bu çalışmada ilköğretim öğrencilerinin genel ve iletişim öz-yeterliklerinden oluşan İnternet öz-yeterliklerini etkileyen faktörler araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler 2008-2010 yılları arasında desteklenen bir araştırma projesinin parçasıdır. Araştırmaya on değişik ilköğretim okulundan 609 öğrenci katılmıştır. Birçok öğrenci ile ilgili faktöre bağlı olarak öğrencilerin İnternet özyeterliklerini araştırmak için MANCOVA analizinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar öğrencilerin İnternet öz-yeterliklerinin oldukça yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Öğrencilerin İnternet öz-yeterliğini etkileyen faktörler olarak günlük bilgisayar kullanımı, haftalık e-posta kullanımı ve evde İnternet bağlantısı olması öne çıkmıştır. Öğrencilerin sınıf düzeyi ve cinsiyetin İnternet öz-yeterliği üzerine etkisi bulunamamıştır. Günümüzde FATİH projesi gibi geniş kapsamlı projeler yardımıyla teknoloji entegrasyonu Türk milli eğitiminde daha da ön plana çıkarken, bu çalışmanın sonuçları öğrencilerin teknoloji konusundaki güvenlerini anlayarak hareket etmek açısından faydalı olacaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnternet öz-yeterliliği, Bilgi teknolojisi yetkinliği, İnternet bağlantısı, Bilgisayar kullanımı, E-posta kullanımı, Cinsiyet, Sınıf düzeyi.

Kaynakça

• Afnan, A. O. 2010. Secondary Student’s Perceptions of Information and Communication Technology and Their Usage of It Inside and Outside of School in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Applied Educational Studies, 7(1), 27-42.
• Attewell, P., and Battle, J. 1999. Home Computers and School Performance. The Information Society, 15, 1–10.
• Bandura, A. 1997. Self-efficacy: The Exercise of Control. New York : W. H. Freeman.
• Barbalet, J.M. 1998. Emotions, Social Theory, and Social Structure: A Macrosociological Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Bovee, C., Voogt J., and Meelissen, M. 2007. Computer Attitudes of Primary and Secondary Students In South Africa. Computers in Human Behavior, 23, 1762-1776.
• Campbell, K. 2000. Gender and educational technologies: Relational frameworks for learning design. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 9(1), 131-149.
• Colley, A. and Comber, C. 2001. Age and Gender Differences in Computer Use and Attitudes among Secondary School Students: What Has Changed? Educational Research, 45(2), 155-165.
• Daniel, A. J. 2005. An Exploration of Middle and High School Students’ Perceptions of Deviant Behavior When Using Computers and the Internet. The Journal of Technology Studies, 31(2), 70-80.
• Daugherty, T., Eastin, M., and Gangadharbatla, H. 2005. e-CRM: Understanding Internet Confidence and Implications For Customer Relationship Management. In Advances in Electronic Marketing, Irvine Clark III and Theresa Flaherty, eds. Harrisonburg, VA: James Madison University, Idea Group Publishing, Inc., 67-82.
• Deniz, L. 2010. Excessive Internet Use and Loneliness among Secondary School Students. Journal of Instructional Psychology. Retrieved on April 8, 2011 from http://www.faqs.org/periodicals/201003/2011820071.html.
• Durndell, A., and Haag, Z. 2002. Computer Self-Efficacy, Computer Anxiety, Attitudes Towards The Internet and Reported Experience With The Internet, By Gender, in An East European Sample. Computers in Human Behavior, 18, 521–535.
• Durndell, A. and Thomson, K. 1997. Gender and Computing: A Decade of Change? Computers and Education, 28, 1–9.
• Duvel, C. and Pate, S. 2004. Computer Knowledge: Report From A Student Self Evaluation. Journal of Industrial Technology, 20(1), 1-16.
• Eastin, M. S. and LaRose, R. 2000. Internet self-efficacy and the psychology of the digital divide. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 6(0), doi: 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2000.tb00110.x
• Gangadharbatla, H. 2008. Facebook me: Collective self-esteem, need to belong, and Internet self-efficacy as predictors of the Igeneration's attitudes toward social networking sites. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 8(2), 5‐15.
• Gross, E. F. 2004. Adolescent Internet Use: What We Expect, What Teens Report. Applied Developmental Psychology, 25, 633-649.
• Harris, S. 1999. Secondary School Students' Use of Computers At Home. British Journal of Educational Technology, 30(4), 331-339.
• Hampton, K. and Wellman, B. 2001. Long-Distance Community in The Network Society: Contact and Support Beyond Netville. American Behavioral Scientist, 45(3), 477-497.
• Imhof, M., Vollmeyer, R. and Beierlein, C. 2007. Computer Use and The Gender Gap: The Issue of Access, Use, Motivation, and Performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(6), 2823–2837.
• Jackson, L. A., Ervin, K. S., Gardner, P. D. and Schmitt, N. 2001. Gender and the Internet: women communicating and men searching. Sex Roles, 4, 363–379.
• Janssen Reinen, I. and Plomp, T. (1997). Information Technology and Gender Equality: A Contradiction in Terminis. Computers and Education, 28(2), 65–78.
• Kadijevich, D. 2000. Gender Differences in Computer Attitude Among Ninth Grade Students. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 22, 145–54.
• Kao, C.-P. and Tsai, C.-C. 2009. Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Web-Based Professional Development, with Relation To Internet Self-Efficacy and Beliefs About Web-Based Learning. Computers and Education, 53(1), 66-73.
• Kuhlemeier, H. and Hemker, B. 2007. The Impact of Computer Use At Home On Students’ Internet Skills. Computer and Education, 49, 460-480.
• Meelissen, M.R.M. and Drent, M. 2008. Gender differences in computer attitudes: Does the school matter? Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 969-985.
• Muharremoglu, M. 2010. Turkey-NME ICT and E-government. Retrieved on March 30, 2011 from http://www.slideshare.net/MUHARREMOGLU/n-akturk- engmart2010ft.
• Mumtaz, S. 2001. Children’s Enjoyment and Perception Of Computer Use in The Home and The School. Computers and Education, 36(4), 347– 362.
• North, A.S. and Noyes, J.M. 2002. Gender Influences on Children’s Computer Attitudes and Cognitions. Computers in Human Behavior, 18, 135-150.
• Osin, L., Nesher, P. and Ram, J. 1994. Do The Rich Become Richer and The Poor Poorer? A Longitudinal Analysis of Pupil Achievement and Progress in Elementary Schools Using Computer-Assisted Instruction. International Journal of Educational Journal, 21(1), 53- 64.
• Robertson, S.I., Calder, J., Fung, P., Jones, A. and Shea, T. 1995. Computer Attitudes in an English Secondary School. Computers Education, 24(2), 73-81.
• Sáinz, M. and López-Sáez, M. 2010. Gender Differences in Computer Attitudes and the Choice of Technology-Related Occupations in a Sample of Secondary Students in Spain. Computers and Education, 54, 578-587.
• Samuel, N.O. 2001. An Evaluation of Internet Usage among Senior Secondary School Students in Public Schools in Lagos State. Retrieved on April 8, 2011 from http://www.scribd.com/doc/28020373/Evaluation-of-Internet-Usage- among-Senior-Secondary-School-Students-in-Public-Schools-in- Lagos-State.
• Schroeders, U. and Wilhelm, O. 2011. Computer Usage Questionnaire: Structure, Correlates, and Gender Differences. Computers in Human Behavior, 27. 899-904.
• Schumacher, P. and Morahan-Martin, J. 2001. Gender, Internet and Computer Attitudes And Experiences, Computers in Human Behavior 17, 95-110.
• Shashaani, L. 1994. Socioeconomic Status, Parents’ Sex-Role Stereotypes, and The Gender Gap In Computing. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 26(4), 433–451.
• Shashaani, L. 1997. Gender Differences in Computer Attitudes and Use Among College Students. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 16, 37–51.
• Sieverding M. and Koch S.C. 2009. (Self-)Evaluation of Computer Competence: How gender matters. Computers & Education, 52, 696-701.
• Teo, T. 2008). Assessing the computer attitudes of students: An Asian Perspective. Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 1634-1642.
• TURKSTAT 2010. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Usage Survey in Households and Individuals. Retrieved on April 8, 2011 from http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=6308.
• Uzun, A. and Şengel, E. 2009. Attitudes of Students toward Computers, e- Journal of New World Sciences Academy, 4 (3), 797-805.
• Wasserman, I. and Richmond-Abbott, M. 2005. Gender And The Internet: Causes Of Variations İn Access, Level, And Scope Of Use. Social Science Quarterly, 86, 252–270.
• Whitley, B.E. 1997. Gender Differences İn Computer-Related Attitudes And Behavior: A Meta-Analysis. Computers in Human Behavior, 13, 1– 22.
• Wu, Y. -T. and Tsai, C.-C. 2006. University Students’ Internet Attitudes and Internet Self-Efficacy: A Study at Three Taiwan. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9(4), 441-450. Universities in Başvuru: 16.02.2012
• Yayına Kabul: 23.05.2012