The Return of the State and Its Alla Turca Version
Öz
Economic nationalism and state intervention recently gained attraction in many countries including Turkey. This paper questions whether Turkey has changed its economic policy framework towards a statecentric model and, if so, whether these changes are well thought-out and sustainable. The examination of key areas of state capitalism, that is the monetary, industrial, trade, financial, and state economic enterprise (SEE) policies put forward in the officially adopted five-year plans and annual programs, suggests that the changes in the economic policy framework began after the 2008 global crisis and accelerated after the transition to a presidential system. Upon examination, the policy framework does not reflect a definitive, coherent, and wholistic approach but rather a pragmatic attitude that swings back and forth, which exposes the country to swings in the global system.
Anahtar Kelimeler
state-centric model, liberal international order, Turkey, globalization backlash, state capitalism
Kaynakça
- Acemoğlu, Daron, and E. Murat Üçer. 2020. High-Quality Versus Low-Quality Growth in Turkey: Causes and Consequences. In Turkish Economy at the Crossroads, eds. Asaf Savaş Akat and Seyfettin Gürsel. World Scientific: 37-89.
- Adaman, Fikret, and Bengi Akbulut. 2021. Erdoğan’s Three-Pillared Neoliberalism: Authoritarianism, Populism and Developmentalism. Geoforum 124: 279–89.
- Akçay, Ümit. 2021. Authoritarian Consolidation Dynamics in Turkey. Contemporary Politics 27, 1: 79–104.
- Akçay, Ümit. 2023. Türkiye’de 2002-2023 Arası Uygulanan Para Politikalarının Ekonomi Politiği. ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi 50: 195–236.
- Akçay, Ümit, and Ali Rıza Güngen. 2022. Dependent Financialisation and Its Crisis: The Case of Turkey. Cambridge Journal of Economics 46, 2: 293–316.
- Alami, Ilias, and Adam D. Dixon. 2020. The Strange Geographies of the ‘New’ State Capitalism. Political Geography 82, 102237.
- Altman, Roger C. 2009. Globalization in Retreat. Foreign Affairs, September 17. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2009-07-01/globalization-retreat. (accessed July 4, 2020)
- Apaydin, Fulya, and Mehmet Kerem Çoban. 2023. The Political Consequences of Dependent Financialization: Capital Flows, Crisis and the Authoritarian Turn in Turkey. Review of International Political Economy 30, 3: 1046–1072.
- Ateş, Mustafa. 1999. Türkiye’de Kalkınma Planları ve Yıllık Programların Hazırlanması. Sayıştay Dergisi, 33: 86–103.
- Bastian, Jens. 2024. Turkey: An Emerging Global Arms Exporter. Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP).