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The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament

Yıl 2025, , 1 - 17
https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1761201

Öz

When Russian forces attacked Ukraine on 24 February 2022, masses of people moved towards the borders of the European Union (EU). The unexpected increase in arrivals within a relatively short time span became a significant challenge for the EU to manage, turning into a crisis. This paper assesses whether the political alignment of different party groups in the European Parliament (EP) (e.g., left-wing, right-wing, populist) helps explain the discursive frames they adopt on migration within the context of the 2022 EU migration crisis. Using qualitative content analysis, the study identifies the discursive frames employed by members of the parliament in plenary debates. It finds that factors like the EU’s legislative procedure, institutional structure, and the EP’s political position contribute to overlapping discourses, which also vary based on the country of origin of migrants and the ideological positions of party groups.

Kaynakça

  • Achilli, L., and G. Sanchez. 2017. What Does It Mean to Disrupt the Business Models of People Smugglers? Policy Briefs, 2017/09, Migration Policy Centre. https://cadmus.eui.eu/handle/1814/46165 (accessed October 21, 2024).
  • Acosta, D. 2009. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly in EU Migration Law: Is the European Parliament Becoming Bad and Ugly? (The Adoption of Directive 2008/15: The Returns Directive). European Journal of Migration and Law 11, 1: 19–39.
  • Aloisi, S., and F. J. Daniel. 2022. Timeline: The events leading up to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Reuters, 2 February. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/events-leading-up-russias-invasion- ukraine-2022-02-2/.
  • Auštrevičius, P. 2022a. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - the Deterioration of the Situation of Refugees as a Consequence of the Russian Aggression against Ukraine (Debate) - Tuesday, 8 March. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-03-08-ITM-009_EN.html. (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Auštrevičius, P. 2022b. Verbatim Report of Proceedings- EU Protection of Children and Young People Fleeing the War against Ukraine (debate) - Tuesday, 5 April 2022. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-04-05-ITM-003_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Andrews, B. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - EU Protection of Children and Young People Fleeing the War against Ukraine (debate) - Tuesday, 5 April. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-04-05-ITM-003_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Arango, J., and M. Baldwin-Edwards. 1999. Immigrants and the informal economy in Southern Europe. London: Frank Cass.
  • Baker-Beall, C. 2009. The Discursive Construction of EU Counter-Terrorism Policy: Writing the ‘Migrant Other’, Securitisation and Control. Journal of Contemporary European Research 5, 2: 188–206.
  • Baltacı, A. 2009. The Qualitative Research Process: How to Perform Qualitative Research? Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 5: 368–88.
  • Bigo, D. 2002. Security and Immigration: Toward a Critique of the Governmentality of Unease. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 27, 1: 63–92.
  • Boeselager, D. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - Violations of Right to Seek Asylum and Non-Refoulement in the EU Member States (Debate) - Wednesday, 6 April. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-04-06-ITM-012_EN.html.(accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Buzan, B., and O. Wæver. 2009. Macrosecuritisation and Security Constellations: Reconsidering Scale in Securitisation Theory. Review of International Studies 35, 2: 253-276.
  • Charanzová, D.2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - EU Protection of Children and Young People Fleeing the War against Ukraine (Debate) - Tuesday, 5 April. European Parliament.https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-04-05-ITM-003_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Calossi, E., and L. Cicchi. 2019. European Parliament Political Groups and European Political Parties: Development and Relationship between Two Faces of the EU Political System. Quaderni del circolo rosselli (QCR) 39: 15-31.
  • Campbell, J. L., and O. K. Pedersen. 2008. The Rise of Neoliberalism and Institutional Analysis. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Cseh, K.2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings Tuesday, 18 October. Strasbourg. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-10-18-ITM-016_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Cuttitta, P. 2017. Delocalization, Humanitarianism, and Human Rights: The Mediterranean Border between Exclusion and Inclusion. Antipode 50, 3: 783–803.
  • Delanty, G. 2017. Models of Citizenship: Defining European Identity and Citizenship. Citizenship Studies 1, 3: 285–303.
  • Den Heijer, M., J. J. Riipma, and T. Spijkerboer. 2016. Coercion, Prohibition, And Great Expectations: The Continuing Failure of the Common European Asylum System. Common Market Law Review 53: 607-642.
  • Erdoğan, M. 2020. “Securitization from Society” and “Social Acceptance”: Political Party-Based Approaches in Turkey to Syrian Refugees. Uluslararası İlişkiler 17, 68: 73-92.
  • European Commission. New Pact on Migration and Asylum of the EU. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/new-pact-migration-and-asylum_en. (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • European Commission. Temporary Protection. Migration and Home Affairs. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/common-european-asylum-system/temporary- protection_en (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • European Parliament. European Parliament – Roles and Powers. European Union. https://european-union.europa.eu/institutions-law-budget/institutions-and-bodies/search-all-eu-institutions- and-bodies/european-parliament_en (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • European Parliament. Legislative Powers. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/about-parliament/en/powers-and-procedures/legislative-powers (Accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Eurostat. (2023). Temporary Protection for Persons Fleeing Ukraine - Monthly Statistics. European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php? title=Temporary_protection_for_persons_fleeing_Ukraine_-_monthly_statistics (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Frontex. Illegal Border-crossing. Frontex. https://www.frontex.europa.eu/publications/ara-2016-EZGrEA (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Genschel, P., and M. Jachtenfuchs. 2018. From Market Integration to Core State Powers: The Eurozone Crisis, the Refugee Crisis and Integration Theory. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 56, 1: 178-196.
  • Gerlach, I., and O. Ryndzak. 2022. Ukrainian Migration Crisis Caused by the War. Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs 26, 2: 17-29.
  • Givens, T., and A. Luedtke. 2004. The Politics of European Union Immigration Policy: Institutions, Salience, and Harmonization. Policy Studies Journal 32, 1: 145-165.
  • Giordano, M. 2020. Beyond the Boundaries. Migration Discourse in EU Parliamentary Debates. Lingue e Linguaggi 39: 131-156.
  • Hix, S., A. G. Noury, and G. Roland. 2007. Democratic Politics in the European Parliament. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  • Hsieh, H., and S. E. Shannon. 2005. Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research 15, 9: 1277-1288.
  • Huysmans, J. 2000. The European Union and the Securitization of Migration. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 38, 5: 751-777.
  • IOM. Key Migration Terms, Migration Glossary | IOM, UN Migration. International Organization for Migration. https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms (accessed 19 MayMay 19, 2024).
  • Kanko, A. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Need for a European Solution on Asylum and Migration Including Search and Rescue (debate) - Wednesday, 23 November. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-11-23-ITM-002_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Kaufmann, D. 2021. Debating Responsibility‐sharing: An Analysis of the European Parliament's Debates on the Common European Asylum System. European Policy Analysis 7, 1: 207-225.
  • Kaunert, Christian, and Sarah Léonard. 2012. The Development of the EU Asylum Policy: Venue-shopping in Perspective. Journal of European Public Policy 19, 9: 1396-1413.
  • Krotký, J., and P. Kaniok. 2021. Who Says What: Members of the European Parliament and Irregular Migration in the Parliamentary Debates. European Security 30, 2: 178-196.
  • Kuypers, J. A. 1997. Presidential Crisis Rhetoric and the Press in the post-Cold War World. Westport, Praeger Publishers.
  • Lenaers, J. 2022a. Verbatim Report of Proceedings XML 82k Tuesday, 18 October. Strasbourg. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-10-18-ITM- 016_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Lenaers, J. 2022b. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Deterioration of the Situation of Refugees as a Consequence of the Russian Aggression against Ukraine (debate) - Tuesday, 8 March. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-03-08-ITM-009_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Madison, J. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Need for a European Solution on Asylum and Migration Including Search and Rescue (debate) - Wednesday, 23 November. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-11-23-ITM-002_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Mainwaring, C. 2016. Migrant Agency: Negotiating Borders and Migration Controls. Migration Studies 4, 3: 289-308.
  • Negrescu, V. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - Preparation of the Special European Council Meeting of February, in Particular the Need to Develop Sustainable Solutions in the Area of Asylum and Migration (debate). European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2023-02-01-ITM-008_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Pacciardi, A. 2020. A Liquid Frontline: New War Imaginaries in the Mediterranean Sea. Security Praxis. https://securitypraxis.eu/a-liquid-frontline-new-war-imaginaries-in-the-mediterranean- sea/#_edn1 (accessed September 4, 2024).
  • Paet, U. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Deterioration of the Situation of Refugees as a Consequence of the Russian Aggression against Ukraine (debate) - Tuesday, 8 March. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-03-08-ITM-009_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Perkowski, N. 2016. Deaths, Interventions, Humanitarianism and Human Rights in the Mediterranean ‘Migration Crisis’. Mediterranean Politics 21, 2: 331-335.
  • Ripoll Servent, A. 2014. Point of No Return? The European Parliament after Lisbon and Stockholm. In Developing European Internal Security Policy, ed. C. Kaunert and S. Léonard. London, Routledge: 49- 65.
  • Ripoll Servent, A. 2018. A New Form of Delegation in EU Asylum: Agencies as Proxies of Strong Regulators. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 56, 1: 83-100.
  • Sadik, G. and C. Kaya. 2020. The Role of Surveillance Technologies in the Securitization of EU Migration Policies and Border Management. Uluslararası İlişkiler 17, 68: 145-160.
  • Schmidt, V. A. 2002. Does Discourse Matter in the Politics of Welfare State Adjustment? Comparative Political Studies 35, 2: 168-193.
  • Schmidt, V. A. 2008. Discursive Institutionalism: The Explanatory Power of Ideas and Discourse. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci. 11: 303-326.
  • Schmidt, V. A. 2010. Taking Ideas and Discourse Seriously: Explaining Change through Discursive Institutionalism as the Fourth ‘New Institutionalism’. European Political Science Review 2, 1: 1-25.
  • Schmidt, V. A. 2011. Reconciling Ideas and Institutions through Discursive Institutionalism. Ideas and Politics in Social Science Research 1: 76-95.
  • Steinhilper, E., and R. J. Gruijters. 2018. A Contested Crisis: Policy Narratives and Empirical Evidence on Border Deaths in the Mediterranean. Sociology 52, 3: 515–533.
  • Strik, T. 2023. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - Preparation of the Special European Council meeting of February, in Particular the Need to Develop Sustainable Solutions in the Area of Asylum and Migration (debate) - Wednesday, 1 February. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2023-02-01-ITM-008_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Tobé, T. 2023. “Verbatim Report of Proceedings - Preparation of the Special European Council meeting of February, in Particular the Need to Develop Sustainable Solutions in the Area of Asylum and Migration (debate) - Wednesday, 1 February. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2023-02-01-ITM-008_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Tobé, T. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Need for a European Solution on Asylum and Migration Including Search and Rescue (debate) - Wednesday, 23 November. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-11-23-ITM-002_EN.html(accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Wallace, M. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - Violations of Right to Seek Asylum and Non-refoulement in the EU Member States (debate) - Wednesday, 6 April. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-04-06-ITM-012_EN.html(accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Waszczykowski, W. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Deterioration of the Situation of Refugees as a Consequence of the Russian Aggression against Ukraine (debate) - Tuesday, 8 March. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-03-08-ITM-009_EN.html(accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Weimers, C. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Need for a European Solution on Asylum and Migration Including Search and Rescue (debate) - Wednesday, 23 November. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-11-23-ITM-002_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).

The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament

Yıl 2025, , 1 - 17
https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1761201

Öz

When Russian forces attacked Ukraine on 24 February 2022, masses of people moved towards the borders of the European Union (EU). The unexpected increase in arrivals within a relatively short time span became a significant challenge for the EU to manage, turning into a crisis. This paper assesses whether the political alignment of different party groups in the European Parliament (EP) (e.g., left-wing, right-wing, populist) helps explain the discursive frames they adopt on migration within the context of the 2022 EU migration crisis. Using qualitative content analysis, the study identifies the discursive frames employed by members of the parliament in plenary debates. It finds that factors like the EU’s legislative procedure, institutional structure, and the EP’s political position contribute to overlapping discourses, which also vary based on the country of origin of migrants and the ideological positions of party groups.

Kaynakça

  • Achilli, L., and G. Sanchez. 2017. What Does It Mean to Disrupt the Business Models of People Smugglers? Policy Briefs, 2017/09, Migration Policy Centre. https://cadmus.eui.eu/handle/1814/46165 (accessed October 21, 2024).
  • Acosta, D. 2009. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly in EU Migration Law: Is the European Parliament Becoming Bad and Ugly? (The Adoption of Directive 2008/15: The Returns Directive). European Journal of Migration and Law 11, 1: 19–39.
  • Aloisi, S., and F. J. Daniel. 2022. Timeline: The events leading up to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Reuters, 2 February. https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/events-leading-up-russias-invasion- ukraine-2022-02-2/.
  • Auštrevičius, P. 2022a. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - the Deterioration of the Situation of Refugees as a Consequence of the Russian Aggression against Ukraine (Debate) - Tuesday, 8 March. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-03-08-ITM-009_EN.html. (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Auštrevičius, P. 2022b. Verbatim Report of Proceedings- EU Protection of Children and Young People Fleeing the War against Ukraine (debate) - Tuesday, 5 April 2022. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-04-05-ITM-003_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Andrews, B. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - EU Protection of Children and Young People Fleeing the War against Ukraine (debate) - Tuesday, 5 April. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-04-05-ITM-003_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Arango, J., and M. Baldwin-Edwards. 1999. Immigrants and the informal economy in Southern Europe. London: Frank Cass.
  • Baker-Beall, C. 2009. The Discursive Construction of EU Counter-Terrorism Policy: Writing the ‘Migrant Other’, Securitisation and Control. Journal of Contemporary European Research 5, 2: 188–206.
  • Baltacı, A. 2009. The Qualitative Research Process: How to Perform Qualitative Research? Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 5: 368–88.
  • Bigo, D. 2002. Security and Immigration: Toward a Critique of the Governmentality of Unease. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 27, 1: 63–92.
  • Boeselager, D. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - Violations of Right to Seek Asylum and Non-Refoulement in the EU Member States (Debate) - Wednesday, 6 April. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-04-06-ITM-012_EN.html.(accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Buzan, B., and O. Wæver. 2009. Macrosecuritisation and Security Constellations: Reconsidering Scale in Securitisation Theory. Review of International Studies 35, 2: 253-276.
  • Charanzová, D.2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - EU Protection of Children and Young People Fleeing the War against Ukraine (Debate) - Tuesday, 5 April. European Parliament.https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-04-05-ITM-003_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Calossi, E., and L. Cicchi. 2019. European Parliament Political Groups and European Political Parties: Development and Relationship between Two Faces of the EU Political System. Quaderni del circolo rosselli (QCR) 39: 15-31.
  • Campbell, J. L., and O. K. Pedersen. 2008. The Rise of Neoliberalism and Institutional Analysis. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Cseh, K.2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings Tuesday, 18 October. Strasbourg. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-10-18-ITM-016_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Cuttitta, P. 2017. Delocalization, Humanitarianism, and Human Rights: The Mediterranean Border between Exclusion and Inclusion. Antipode 50, 3: 783–803.
  • Delanty, G. 2017. Models of Citizenship: Defining European Identity and Citizenship. Citizenship Studies 1, 3: 285–303.
  • Den Heijer, M., J. J. Riipma, and T. Spijkerboer. 2016. Coercion, Prohibition, And Great Expectations: The Continuing Failure of the Common European Asylum System. Common Market Law Review 53: 607-642.
  • Erdoğan, M. 2020. “Securitization from Society” and “Social Acceptance”: Political Party-Based Approaches in Turkey to Syrian Refugees. Uluslararası İlişkiler 17, 68: 73-92.
  • European Commission. New Pact on Migration and Asylum of the EU. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/new-pact-migration-and-asylum_en. (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • European Commission. Temporary Protection. Migration and Home Affairs. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/common-european-asylum-system/temporary- protection_en (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • European Parliament. European Parliament – Roles and Powers. European Union. https://european-union.europa.eu/institutions-law-budget/institutions-and-bodies/search-all-eu-institutions- and-bodies/european-parliament_en (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • European Parliament. Legislative Powers. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/about-parliament/en/powers-and-procedures/legislative-powers (Accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Eurostat. (2023). Temporary Protection for Persons Fleeing Ukraine - Monthly Statistics. European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php? title=Temporary_protection_for_persons_fleeing_Ukraine_-_monthly_statistics (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Frontex. Illegal Border-crossing. Frontex. https://www.frontex.europa.eu/publications/ara-2016-EZGrEA (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Genschel, P., and M. Jachtenfuchs. 2018. From Market Integration to Core State Powers: The Eurozone Crisis, the Refugee Crisis and Integration Theory. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 56, 1: 178-196.
  • Gerlach, I., and O. Ryndzak. 2022. Ukrainian Migration Crisis Caused by the War. Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs 26, 2: 17-29.
  • Givens, T., and A. Luedtke. 2004. The Politics of European Union Immigration Policy: Institutions, Salience, and Harmonization. Policy Studies Journal 32, 1: 145-165.
  • Giordano, M. 2020. Beyond the Boundaries. Migration Discourse in EU Parliamentary Debates. Lingue e Linguaggi 39: 131-156.
  • Hix, S., A. G. Noury, and G. Roland. 2007. Democratic Politics in the European Parliament. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  • Hsieh, H., and S. E. Shannon. 2005. Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research 15, 9: 1277-1288.
  • Huysmans, J. 2000. The European Union and the Securitization of Migration. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 38, 5: 751-777.
  • IOM. Key Migration Terms, Migration Glossary | IOM, UN Migration. International Organization for Migration. https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms (accessed 19 MayMay 19, 2024).
  • Kanko, A. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Need for a European Solution on Asylum and Migration Including Search and Rescue (debate) - Wednesday, 23 November. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-11-23-ITM-002_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Kaufmann, D. 2021. Debating Responsibility‐sharing: An Analysis of the European Parliament's Debates on the Common European Asylum System. European Policy Analysis 7, 1: 207-225.
  • Kaunert, Christian, and Sarah Léonard. 2012. The Development of the EU Asylum Policy: Venue-shopping in Perspective. Journal of European Public Policy 19, 9: 1396-1413.
  • Krotký, J., and P. Kaniok. 2021. Who Says What: Members of the European Parliament and Irregular Migration in the Parliamentary Debates. European Security 30, 2: 178-196.
  • Kuypers, J. A. 1997. Presidential Crisis Rhetoric and the Press in the post-Cold War World. Westport, Praeger Publishers.
  • Lenaers, J. 2022a. Verbatim Report of Proceedings XML 82k Tuesday, 18 October. Strasbourg. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-10-18-ITM- 016_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Lenaers, J. 2022b. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Deterioration of the Situation of Refugees as a Consequence of the Russian Aggression against Ukraine (debate) - Tuesday, 8 March. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-03-08-ITM-009_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Madison, J. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Need for a European Solution on Asylum and Migration Including Search and Rescue (debate) - Wednesday, 23 November. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-11-23-ITM-002_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Mainwaring, C. 2016. Migrant Agency: Negotiating Borders and Migration Controls. Migration Studies 4, 3: 289-308.
  • Negrescu, V. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - Preparation of the Special European Council Meeting of February, in Particular the Need to Develop Sustainable Solutions in the Area of Asylum and Migration (debate). European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2023-02-01-ITM-008_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Pacciardi, A. 2020. A Liquid Frontline: New War Imaginaries in the Mediterranean Sea. Security Praxis. https://securitypraxis.eu/a-liquid-frontline-new-war-imaginaries-in-the-mediterranean- sea/#_edn1 (accessed September 4, 2024).
  • Paet, U. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Deterioration of the Situation of Refugees as a Consequence of the Russian Aggression against Ukraine (debate) - Tuesday, 8 March. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-03-08-ITM-009_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Perkowski, N. 2016. Deaths, Interventions, Humanitarianism and Human Rights in the Mediterranean ‘Migration Crisis’. Mediterranean Politics 21, 2: 331-335.
  • Ripoll Servent, A. 2014. Point of No Return? The European Parliament after Lisbon and Stockholm. In Developing European Internal Security Policy, ed. C. Kaunert and S. Léonard. London, Routledge: 49- 65.
  • Ripoll Servent, A. 2018. A New Form of Delegation in EU Asylum: Agencies as Proxies of Strong Regulators. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 56, 1: 83-100.
  • Sadik, G. and C. Kaya. 2020. The Role of Surveillance Technologies in the Securitization of EU Migration Policies and Border Management. Uluslararası İlişkiler 17, 68: 145-160.
  • Schmidt, V. A. 2002. Does Discourse Matter in the Politics of Welfare State Adjustment? Comparative Political Studies 35, 2: 168-193.
  • Schmidt, V. A. 2008. Discursive Institutionalism: The Explanatory Power of Ideas and Discourse. Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci. 11: 303-326.
  • Schmidt, V. A. 2010. Taking Ideas and Discourse Seriously: Explaining Change through Discursive Institutionalism as the Fourth ‘New Institutionalism’. European Political Science Review 2, 1: 1-25.
  • Schmidt, V. A. 2011. Reconciling Ideas and Institutions through Discursive Institutionalism. Ideas and Politics in Social Science Research 1: 76-95.
  • Steinhilper, E., and R. J. Gruijters. 2018. A Contested Crisis: Policy Narratives and Empirical Evidence on Border Deaths in the Mediterranean. Sociology 52, 3: 515–533.
  • Strik, T. 2023. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - Preparation of the Special European Council meeting of February, in Particular the Need to Develop Sustainable Solutions in the Area of Asylum and Migration (debate) - Wednesday, 1 February. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2023-02-01-ITM-008_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Tobé, T. 2023. “Verbatim Report of Proceedings - Preparation of the Special European Council meeting of February, in Particular the Need to Develop Sustainable Solutions in the Area of Asylum and Migration (debate) - Wednesday, 1 February. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2023-02-01-ITM-008_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Tobé, T. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Need for a European Solution on Asylum and Migration Including Search and Rescue (debate) - Wednesday, 23 November. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-11-23-ITM-002_EN.html(accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Wallace, M. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - Violations of Right to Seek Asylum and Non-refoulement in the EU Member States (debate) - Wednesday, 6 April. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-04-06-ITM-012_EN.html(accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Waszczykowski, W. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Deterioration of the Situation of Refugees as a Consequence of the Russian Aggression against Ukraine (debate) - Tuesday, 8 March. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-03-08-ITM-009_EN.html(accessed May 19, 2024).
  • Weimers, C. 2022. Verbatim Report of Proceedings - The Need for a European Solution on Asylum and Migration Including Search and Rescue (debate) - Wednesday, 23 November. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/CRE-9-2022-11-23-ITM-002_EN.html (accessed May 19, 2024).
Toplam 61 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Avrupa Birliği, Avrupa Çalışmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Elif Çetin Bu kişi benim

Zeynep Günsal Bu kişi benim 0009-0003-9585-3654

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 22 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 4 Ekim 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Mayıs 2024
Kabul Tarihi 11 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025

Kaynak Göster

APA Çetin, E., & Günsal, Z. (2025). The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi1-17. https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1761201
AMA Çetin E, Günsal Z. The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament. uidergisi. Published online 01 Ağustos 2025:1-17. doi:10.33458/uidergisi.1761201
Chicago Çetin, Elif, ve Zeynep Günsal. “The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament”. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, Ağustos (Ağustos 2025), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1761201.
EndNote Çetin E, Günsal Z (01 Ağustos 2025) The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi 1–17.
IEEE E. Çetin ve Z. Günsal, “The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament”, uidergisi, ss. 1–17, Ağustos2025, doi: 10.33458/uidergisi.1761201.
ISNAD Çetin, Elif - Günsal, Zeynep. “The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament”. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi. Ağustos2025. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1761201.
JAMA Çetin E, Günsal Z. The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament. uidergisi. 2025;:1–17.
MLA Çetin, Elif ve Zeynep Günsal. “The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament”. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 2025, ss. 1-17, doi:10.33458/uidergisi.1761201.
Vancouver Çetin E, Günsal Z. The Impact of the 2022 European Union Migration Crisis on the Migratory Discourses Adopted by the European Parliament. uidergisi. 2025:1-17.