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Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 87, 85 - 104, 18.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1682294

Öz

Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA) literature overlooks the role of emotion norms and narratives towards international audiences in the securitization process. This article addresses these two under-explored aspects of the securitization framework in FPA. First, it investigates the role of the international audience, a crucial yet largely under-theorized component in securitizing moves. Second, it analyzes the emotion norms intertwined with speech acts that construct the Russian Federation’s position towards international audiences by leveraging various emotions. In doing so, this research deconstructs the speeches of Russia’s permanent representative to the United Nations (UN), Vasily Nebenzya, on the Ukraine-Russia war, targeting international audiences, particularly at the UN. It also explores how securitizing moves are linked with emotion norms to frame the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and Russophobia in Nebenzya's narratives at the UN in 2022, before and after the Battle of Kyiv.

Kaynakça

  • Åhäll, Linda, and Gregory A. Thomas. 2013. Security, Emotions, Affect. Critical Studies on Security 1, 1: 117–120.
  • Balzacq, Thierry. 2005. The Three Faces of Securitization: Political Agency, Audience and Context. European Journal of International Relations, 11, 2: 171–201.
  • Balzacq, Thierry. 2011. A Theory of Securitization. Origins, Core Assumptions and Variants. In Securitization Theory. How Security Problems Emerge and Dissolve, ed. Thierry Balzacq. Milton Park, Routledge: 1–30.
  • Bartosh A. Aleksandr. 2018. Gibridizatsiya Nato Kak Ugroza Natsional'noy Bezopasnosti Rossii (Nato Hybridization As A Threat To Russia's National Security). Vestnik Akademii Voyennykh Nauk 1, 62: 24- 31.
  • Başar, Baysal. 2020. 20 Years of Securitization: Strengths, Limitations and A New Dual Framework. Uluslararası İlişkiler 17, 67: 3–20.
  • Berkowitz, Leonard. 1989. Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis: Examination and Reformulation. Psychological Bulletin 106, 1: 59–73.
  • Buzan, Barry, Ole Wæver, and Jaap de Wilde. 1998. Security: A New Framework for Analysis. Boulder, CO, Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • Cialdini, Robert B. and Trost, Melanie R. 1998. Social Influence: Social Norms, Conformity and Compliance. In The Handbook of Social Psychology (4th ed.), ed. Daniel Todd Gilbert, Susan T. Fiske and Lindzey Gardner. New York, McGraw-Hill: 151–192.
  • Cialdini, Robert B., Raymond. R. Reno, and Carl A. Kallgren. 1990. A Focus Theory of Normative Conduct: Recycling the Concept of Norms to Reduce Littering in Public Places. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 58, 6: 1015–1026.
  • Crawford, Neta C. 2000. The Passion of World Politics: Propositions on Emotion and Emotional Relationships. International Security 24, 4: 116–156.
  • Cupac, Jelena. 2019. Narratives, Emotions and the Contestations of the Liberal Order, E-IR Journal, May 16, 2019. https://www.e-ir.info/2019/05/16/narratives-emotions-and-the-contestations-of-the- liberal-order/ (accessed May 5, 2024).
  • Danchev, Alex. 2006. ‘Like a Dog!’: Humiliation and Shame in the War on Terror. Alternatives 31, 3: 259–283.
  • Dizdaroğlu, Cihan. 2023. Turkish–Greek Relations: Foreign Policy in a Securitisation Framework, Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press.
  • Fattah, Khaled and K. M. Fierke. 2009. A Clash of Emotions: The Politics of Humiliation and Political Violence in the Middle East. European Journal of International Relations 15, 1: 67–93.
  • Faucher, Luc, and Isabelle Blanchette. 2011. Fearing New Dangers: Phobias and the Cognitive Complexity of Human Emotions. In Maladapting Minds: Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Evolutionary Theory, ed. Pieter R. Adriaens, and Andreas De Block. Oxford University Press: 35-64.
  • Fischer, Agneta, Eran Halperin, Daphna Canetti, and Alba Jasini. 2018. Why We Hate. Emotion Review 10, 4: 309–320.
  • Goldenberg, Amit, David Garcia, Eran Halperin, and James J. Gross. 2020. Collective Emotions. Current Directions in Psychological Science 29, 2:154-160.
  • Halperin, Eran. 2015. Emotions in Conflict: Inhibitors and Facilitators of Peace Making. New York, Routledge.
  • Halperin, Eran and James. J. Gross. 2011. Emotion Regulation in Violent Conflict: Reappraisal, Hope, and Support for Humanitarian Aid to the Opponent in Wartime. Cognition and Emotion 25, 7: 1228– 1236.
  • Haner, Murat, Melissa Sloan M., Francis Cullen T., Teresa Kulig C., and Cheryl Lero Jonson. 2019. Public Concern about Terrorism: Fear, Worry, and Support for Anti-Muslim Policies. Socius, 5
  • Hayes, Jarrod, 2016. Identity, Authority, and the British War in Iraq. Foreign Policy Analysis 12, 3: 334–353.
  • Hochschild, Arlie Russell. 1979. Emotion Work, Feeling Rules, and Social Structure. American Journal of Sociology 85, 3: 551–575.
  • Hultman, Lisa. 2013. UN Peace Operations and Protection of Civilians: Cheap Talk or Norm Implementation? Journal of Peace Research 50, 1: 59-73.
  • Koschut, Simon. 2014. Emotional (Security) Communities: The Significance of Emotion Norms in Inter-allied Conflict Management. Review of International Studies 40: 533-558.
  • Koschut, Simon. 2017. The Structure of Feeling – Emotion Culture and National Self- Sacrifice in World Politics. Millennium: Journal of International Studies 45, 2: 174–192.
  • Koschut, Simon. 2018a. Speaking from the Heart: Emotion Discourse Analysis in International Relations. In Researching Emotions in International Relations, ed. Maeva Clément and Eric Sangar. New York, Palgrave Macmillan: 277–301.
  • Koschut, Simon. 2018b. Appropriately Upset? A Methodological Framework for Tracing the Emotion Norms of the Transatlantic Security Community. Politics and Governance 6, 4: 125-134.
  • Léonard, Sarah and Christian Kaunert. 2011. Reconceptualizing the Audience in Securitization Theory. In Securitization Theory: How Security Problems Emerge and Dissolve, ed. Thierry Balzacq. London, Routledge: 57-76.
  • Léonard, Sarah, and Christian Kaunert. 2020. The Securitisation of Migration in the European Union: Frontex and its Evolving Security Practices. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 48, 6: 1–13.
  • Linklater, Andrew. 2014. Anger and World Politics: How Collective Emotions Shift over Time. International Theory 6, 3: 574–78.
  • Löwenheim, Oded and Heimann, Gadi. 2008. Revenge in International Politics. Security Studies 17, 4: 713.
  • Lupovici, Amir, 2016. Securitization Climax: Putting the Iranian Nuclear Project at the Top of the Israeli Public Agenda (2009–2012). Foreign Policy Analysis 12, 3: 413–432.
  • Mercer, Jonathan. 2014. Feeling Like a State: Social Emotion and Identity. International Theory 6, 3: 515– 535.
  • Mercer, Jonathan. 2010. Emotional Beliefs. International Organization 64, 1: 1-31.
  • Miller, Dale T. and Deborah. A. Prentice. 1996. The Construction of Social Norms and Standards. In Social Psychology: Handbook of Basic Principles, ed. Edward Tory Higgins and Arie W. Kruglanski. New York, Guilford Press: 799–829.
  • Neuberg, Steven. L., Kenrick, Douglas. T. Kenrick and Schaller, Mark. 2011. Human Threat Management Systems: Self-Protection and Disease Avoidance. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 35, 4: 1042-1051.
  • Nook, Eric. C., Desmond C. Ong, Sylvia Morelli A., Mitchell, Jason. P., and Zaki, Jamil. 2016. Prosocial Conformity: Prosocial Norms Generalize across Behavior and Empathy. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 42, 8: 1045–1062.
  • Oppermann Kai, and Alexander Spencer. 2016. Telling Stories of Failure: Narrative Constructions of Foreign Policy Fiascos. Journal of European Public Policy 23, 5: 685–701.
  • Oppermann Kai, and Alexander Spencer. 2022. Narrative Analysis. In Routledge Handbook of Foreign Policy Analysis Methods, ed. Patrick A. Mello and Falk Ostermann. New York, Routledge: 117-132.
  • Ostermann, Falk, and Roxanna Sjöstedt. 2022. Discourse Analysis and Discourse Theories. In Routledge Handbook of Foreign Policy Analysis Methods, ed. Patrick A. Mello and Falk Ostermann. New York, Routledge: 101-116.
  • Paluck, Elizabeth Levy. 2009. Reducing Intergroup Prejudice and Conflict Using the Media: A Field Experiment in Rwanda. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 96, 3: 574–587.
  • Portelinha, Isabelle and Guy Elcheroth. 2016. From Marginal to Mainstream: The Role of Perceived Social Norms in the Rise of a Far-Right Movement. European Journal of Social Psychology 46, 6: 661– 671.
  • Roe, Paul. 2008. Actor, Audience(s) and Emergency Measures: Securitization and the UK’s Decision to Invade Iraq. Security Dialogue 39, 6: 615–635.
  • Rose, Mary R. Janice Nadler, and Jim Clark. 2006. Appropriately Upset? Emotion Norms and Perceptions of Crime Victims. Law and Human Behavior 30, 2: 203-19.
  • Riek, Blake M., Eric W. Mania, and Samuel L. Gaertner. 2006. Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes: A Meta-Analytic Review. Personality and Social Psychology Review 10, 4: 336-353.
  • Salter, Mark B., and Can E. Mutlu. 2013. Securitisation and Diego Garcia. Review of International Studies 39, 4: 815–834.
  • She, Zhuang, Kok-Mun Ng, Xiangling Hou, and Juzhe X. 2022. COVID-19 Threat and Xenophobia: A Moderated Mediation Model of Empathic Responding and Negative Emotions. Journal of Social Issues 78, 1: 209–226.
  • Solomon, Ty. 2015. Embodiment, Emotions, and Materialism in International Relations. In Emotions, Politics and War, ed. Linda Åhäll and Thomas Gregory. New York, Routledge: 80–92.
  • Sjöstedt, Roxanna. 2019. Assessing Securitization Theory: Theoretical Discussions and Empirical Developments. In Securitization Revisited: Contemporary Applications and Insights, ed. Michael J. Butler. New York, Routledge: 28-46
  • Sjöstedt, Roxanna. 2024. Foreign Policy Analysis and Securitization. In The Oxford Handbook of Foreign Policy Analysis, eds. Juliet Kaarbo and Cameron G. Thies. Oxford Handbooks: 172-188.
  • Smith, R. Eliot, Charles Seger R., and Diane Mackie M. 2007. Can Emotions be Truly Group Level? Evidence Regarding Four Conceptual Criteria. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 93, 3:431– 446.
  • Thoits, Peggy A. 2004. Emotion Norms, Emotion Work, and Social Order. In Feelings and Emotions: The Amsterdam Symposium, ed. Antony S. R. Manstead, Nico Frijda and Agneta Fischer. Online, Cambridge University Press: 359–378.
  • Tooby, John and Leda Cosmides. 2008. The Evolutionary Psychology of Emotions and their Relationship to Internal Regulatory Variables. In Handbook of Emotions (3rd edition), ed. Michael Lewis, Jeannette M. Haviland-Jones and Lisa Feldman Barrett. New York, The Guilford Press: 114–137.
  • UN General Assembly. 2022. Eleventh Emergency Special session, 7th plenary meeting (23 March). UN Doc A/ES-11/PV.7.
  • UN General Assembly. 2022. Eleventh Emergency Special session, 12th plenary meeting (10 October). UN Doc A/ES-11/PV.12.
  • UN General Assembly. 2022. Eleventh Emergency Special session, 13th plenary meeting (12 October). UN Doc A/ES-11/PV.13.
  • UNSC. 2022. 8992nd meeting (14 March). UN Doc S/PV.8992.
  • UNSC. 2022. 9069th meeting (21 June). UN Doc S/PV.9069.
  • UNSC. 2022. 9115th meeting (24 August). UN Doc S/PV.9115.
  • UNSC. 2022. 9195th meeting (16 November). UN Doc S/PV.9195.
  • UNSC. 2022. 9216th meeting (09 December). UN Doc S/PV.9216.
  • Van Rythoven, Eric. 2015. Learning to Feel, Learning to Fear? Emotions, Imaginaries, and Limits in the Politics of Securitization. Security Dialogue 46, 5: 458–475.
  • Vishkin, Allon, and Maya Tamir. 2023. Emotion Norms are Unique. Affective Science 4, 3: 453–457.
  • Widmann, Tobias. 2021. How Emotional Are Populists Really? Factors Explaining Emotional Appeals in the Communication of Political Parties. Political Psychology 42, 1: 163–181.
  • Wilhelmsen, Julie, and Anni Roth Hjermann. 2022. Russian Certainty of NATO Hostility: Repercussions in the Arctic. Arctic Review on Law and Politics 13: 114–142.

Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 87, 85 - 104, 18.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1682294

Öz

Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA) literature overlooks the role of emotion norms and narratives towards international audiences in the securitization process. This article addresses these two under-explored aspects of the securitization framework in FPA. First, it investigates the role of the international audience, a crucial yet largely under-theorized component in securitizing moves. Second, it analyzes the emotion norms intertwined with speech acts that construct the Russian Federation’s position towards international audiences by leveraging various emotions. In doing so, this research deconstructs the speeches of Russia’s permanent representative to the United Nations (UN), Vasily Nebenzya, on the Ukraine-Russia war, targeting international audiences, particularly at the UN. It also explores how securitizing moves are linked with emotion norms to frame the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and Russophobia in Nebenzya's narratives at the UN in 2022, before and after the Battle of Kyiv.

Kaynakça

  • Åhäll, Linda, and Gregory A. Thomas. 2013. Security, Emotions, Affect. Critical Studies on Security 1, 1: 117–120.
  • Balzacq, Thierry. 2005. The Three Faces of Securitization: Political Agency, Audience and Context. European Journal of International Relations, 11, 2: 171–201.
  • Balzacq, Thierry. 2011. A Theory of Securitization. Origins, Core Assumptions and Variants. In Securitization Theory. How Security Problems Emerge and Dissolve, ed. Thierry Balzacq. Milton Park, Routledge: 1–30.
  • Bartosh A. Aleksandr. 2018. Gibridizatsiya Nato Kak Ugroza Natsional'noy Bezopasnosti Rossii (Nato Hybridization As A Threat To Russia's National Security). Vestnik Akademii Voyennykh Nauk 1, 62: 24- 31.
  • Başar, Baysal. 2020. 20 Years of Securitization: Strengths, Limitations and A New Dual Framework. Uluslararası İlişkiler 17, 67: 3–20.
  • Berkowitz, Leonard. 1989. Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis: Examination and Reformulation. Psychological Bulletin 106, 1: 59–73.
  • Buzan, Barry, Ole Wæver, and Jaap de Wilde. 1998. Security: A New Framework for Analysis. Boulder, CO, Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • Cialdini, Robert B. and Trost, Melanie R. 1998. Social Influence: Social Norms, Conformity and Compliance. In The Handbook of Social Psychology (4th ed.), ed. Daniel Todd Gilbert, Susan T. Fiske and Lindzey Gardner. New York, McGraw-Hill: 151–192.
  • Cialdini, Robert B., Raymond. R. Reno, and Carl A. Kallgren. 1990. A Focus Theory of Normative Conduct: Recycling the Concept of Norms to Reduce Littering in Public Places. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 58, 6: 1015–1026.
  • Crawford, Neta C. 2000. The Passion of World Politics: Propositions on Emotion and Emotional Relationships. International Security 24, 4: 116–156.
  • Cupac, Jelena. 2019. Narratives, Emotions and the Contestations of the Liberal Order, E-IR Journal, May 16, 2019. https://www.e-ir.info/2019/05/16/narratives-emotions-and-the-contestations-of-the- liberal-order/ (accessed May 5, 2024).
  • Danchev, Alex. 2006. ‘Like a Dog!’: Humiliation and Shame in the War on Terror. Alternatives 31, 3: 259–283.
  • Dizdaroğlu, Cihan. 2023. Turkish–Greek Relations: Foreign Policy in a Securitisation Framework, Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press.
  • Fattah, Khaled and K. M. Fierke. 2009. A Clash of Emotions: The Politics of Humiliation and Political Violence in the Middle East. European Journal of International Relations 15, 1: 67–93.
  • Faucher, Luc, and Isabelle Blanchette. 2011. Fearing New Dangers: Phobias and the Cognitive Complexity of Human Emotions. In Maladapting Minds: Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Evolutionary Theory, ed. Pieter R. Adriaens, and Andreas De Block. Oxford University Press: 35-64.
  • Fischer, Agneta, Eran Halperin, Daphna Canetti, and Alba Jasini. 2018. Why We Hate. Emotion Review 10, 4: 309–320.
  • Goldenberg, Amit, David Garcia, Eran Halperin, and James J. Gross. 2020. Collective Emotions. Current Directions in Psychological Science 29, 2:154-160.
  • Halperin, Eran. 2015. Emotions in Conflict: Inhibitors and Facilitators of Peace Making. New York, Routledge.
  • Halperin, Eran and James. J. Gross. 2011. Emotion Regulation in Violent Conflict: Reappraisal, Hope, and Support for Humanitarian Aid to the Opponent in Wartime. Cognition and Emotion 25, 7: 1228– 1236.
  • Haner, Murat, Melissa Sloan M., Francis Cullen T., Teresa Kulig C., and Cheryl Lero Jonson. 2019. Public Concern about Terrorism: Fear, Worry, and Support for Anti-Muslim Policies. Socius, 5
  • Hayes, Jarrod, 2016. Identity, Authority, and the British War in Iraq. Foreign Policy Analysis 12, 3: 334–353.
  • Hochschild, Arlie Russell. 1979. Emotion Work, Feeling Rules, and Social Structure. American Journal of Sociology 85, 3: 551–575.
  • Hultman, Lisa. 2013. UN Peace Operations and Protection of Civilians: Cheap Talk or Norm Implementation? Journal of Peace Research 50, 1: 59-73.
  • Koschut, Simon. 2014. Emotional (Security) Communities: The Significance of Emotion Norms in Inter-allied Conflict Management. Review of International Studies 40: 533-558.
  • Koschut, Simon. 2017. The Structure of Feeling – Emotion Culture and National Self- Sacrifice in World Politics. Millennium: Journal of International Studies 45, 2: 174–192.
  • Koschut, Simon. 2018a. Speaking from the Heart: Emotion Discourse Analysis in International Relations. In Researching Emotions in International Relations, ed. Maeva Clément and Eric Sangar. New York, Palgrave Macmillan: 277–301.
  • Koschut, Simon. 2018b. Appropriately Upset? A Methodological Framework for Tracing the Emotion Norms of the Transatlantic Security Community. Politics and Governance 6, 4: 125-134.
  • Léonard, Sarah and Christian Kaunert. 2011. Reconceptualizing the Audience in Securitization Theory. In Securitization Theory: How Security Problems Emerge and Dissolve, ed. Thierry Balzacq. London, Routledge: 57-76.
  • Léonard, Sarah, and Christian Kaunert. 2020. The Securitisation of Migration in the European Union: Frontex and its Evolving Security Practices. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 48, 6: 1–13.
  • Linklater, Andrew. 2014. Anger and World Politics: How Collective Emotions Shift over Time. International Theory 6, 3: 574–78.
  • Löwenheim, Oded and Heimann, Gadi. 2008. Revenge in International Politics. Security Studies 17, 4: 713.
  • Lupovici, Amir, 2016. Securitization Climax: Putting the Iranian Nuclear Project at the Top of the Israeli Public Agenda (2009–2012). Foreign Policy Analysis 12, 3: 413–432.
  • Mercer, Jonathan. 2014. Feeling Like a State: Social Emotion and Identity. International Theory 6, 3: 515– 535.
  • Mercer, Jonathan. 2010. Emotional Beliefs. International Organization 64, 1: 1-31.
  • Miller, Dale T. and Deborah. A. Prentice. 1996. The Construction of Social Norms and Standards. In Social Psychology: Handbook of Basic Principles, ed. Edward Tory Higgins and Arie W. Kruglanski. New York, Guilford Press: 799–829.
  • Neuberg, Steven. L., Kenrick, Douglas. T. Kenrick and Schaller, Mark. 2011. Human Threat Management Systems: Self-Protection and Disease Avoidance. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 35, 4: 1042-1051.
  • Nook, Eric. C., Desmond C. Ong, Sylvia Morelli A., Mitchell, Jason. P., and Zaki, Jamil. 2016. Prosocial Conformity: Prosocial Norms Generalize across Behavior and Empathy. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 42, 8: 1045–1062.
  • Oppermann Kai, and Alexander Spencer. 2016. Telling Stories of Failure: Narrative Constructions of Foreign Policy Fiascos. Journal of European Public Policy 23, 5: 685–701.
  • Oppermann Kai, and Alexander Spencer. 2022. Narrative Analysis. In Routledge Handbook of Foreign Policy Analysis Methods, ed. Patrick A. Mello and Falk Ostermann. New York, Routledge: 117-132.
  • Ostermann, Falk, and Roxanna Sjöstedt. 2022. Discourse Analysis and Discourse Theories. In Routledge Handbook of Foreign Policy Analysis Methods, ed. Patrick A. Mello and Falk Ostermann. New York, Routledge: 101-116.
  • Paluck, Elizabeth Levy. 2009. Reducing Intergroup Prejudice and Conflict Using the Media: A Field Experiment in Rwanda. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 96, 3: 574–587.
  • Portelinha, Isabelle and Guy Elcheroth. 2016. From Marginal to Mainstream: The Role of Perceived Social Norms in the Rise of a Far-Right Movement. European Journal of Social Psychology 46, 6: 661– 671.
  • Roe, Paul. 2008. Actor, Audience(s) and Emergency Measures: Securitization and the UK’s Decision to Invade Iraq. Security Dialogue 39, 6: 615–635.
  • Rose, Mary R. Janice Nadler, and Jim Clark. 2006. Appropriately Upset? Emotion Norms and Perceptions of Crime Victims. Law and Human Behavior 30, 2: 203-19.
  • Riek, Blake M., Eric W. Mania, and Samuel L. Gaertner. 2006. Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes: A Meta-Analytic Review. Personality and Social Psychology Review 10, 4: 336-353.
  • Salter, Mark B., and Can E. Mutlu. 2013. Securitisation and Diego Garcia. Review of International Studies 39, 4: 815–834.
  • She, Zhuang, Kok-Mun Ng, Xiangling Hou, and Juzhe X. 2022. COVID-19 Threat and Xenophobia: A Moderated Mediation Model of Empathic Responding and Negative Emotions. Journal of Social Issues 78, 1: 209–226.
  • Solomon, Ty. 2015. Embodiment, Emotions, and Materialism in International Relations. In Emotions, Politics and War, ed. Linda Åhäll and Thomas Gregory. New York, Routledge: 80–92.
  • Sjöstedt, Roxanna. 2019. Assessing Securitization Theory: Theoretical Discussions and Empirical Developments. In Securitization Revisited: Contemporary Applications and Insights, ed. Michael J. Butler. New York, Routledge: 28-46
  • Sjöstedt, Roxanna. 2024. Foreign Policy Analysis and Securitization. In The Oxford Handbook of Foreign Policy Analysis, eds. Juliet Kaarbo and Cameron G. Thies. Oxford Handbooks: 172-188.
  • Smith, R. Eliot, Charles Seger R., and Diane Mackie M. 2007. Can Emotions be Truly Group Level? Evidence Regarding Four Conceptual Criteria. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 93, 3:431– 446.
  • Thoits, Peggy A. 2004. Emotion Norms, Emotion Work, and Social Order. In Feelings and Emotions: The Amsterdam Symposium, ed. Antony S. R. Manstead, Nico Frijda and Agneta Fischer. Online, Cambridge University Press: 359–378.
  • Tooby, John and Leda Cosmides. 2008. The Evolutionary Psychology of Emotions and their Relationship to Internal Regulatory Variables. In Handbook of Emotions (3rd edition), ed. Michael Lewis, Jeannette M. Haviland-Jones and Lisa Feldman Barrett. New York, The Guilford Press: 114–137.
  • UN General Assembly. 2022. Eleventh Emergency Special session, 7th plenary meeting (23 March). UN Doc A/ES-11/PV.7.
  • UN General Assembly. 2022. Eleventh Emergency Special session, 12th plenary meeting (10 October). UN Doc A/ES-11/PV.12.
  • UN General Assembly. 2022. Eleventh Emergency Special session, 13th plenary meeting (12 October). UN Doc A/ES-11/PV.13.
  • UNSC. 2022. 8992nd meeting (14 March). UN Doc S/PV.8992.
  • UNSC. 2022. 9069th meeting (21 June). UN Doc S/PV.9069.
  • UNSC. 2022. 9115th meeting (24 August). UN Doc S/PV.9115.
  • UNSC. 2022. 9195th meeting (16 November). UN Doc S/PV.9195.
  • UNSC. 2022. 9216th meeting (09 December). UN Doc S/PV.9216.
  • Van Rythoven, Eric. 2015. Learning to Feel, Learning to Fear? Emotions, Imaginaries, and Limits in the Politics of Securitization. Security Dialogue 46, 5: 458–475.
  • Vishkin, Allon, and Maya Tamir. 2023. Emotion Norms are Unique. Affective Science 4, 3: 453–457.
  • Widmann, Tobias. 2021. How Emotional Are Populists Really? Factors Explaining Emotional Appeals in the Communication of Political Parties. Political Psychology 42, 1: 163–181.
  • Wilhelmsen, Julie, and Anni Roth Hjermann. 2022. Russian Certainty of NATO Hostility: Repercussions in the Arctic. Arctic Review on Law and Politics 13: 114–142.
Toplam 65 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Bölgesel Çalışmalar, Uluslararası İlişkiler (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mustafa Gökcan Kösen Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-5949-1615

Ş. Gökçe Gezer Bu kişi benim

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Eylül 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Temmuz 2024
Kabul Tarihi 22 Nisan 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 87

Kaynak Göster

APA Kösen, M. G., & Gezer, Ş. G. (2025). Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 22(87), 85-104. https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1682294
AMA Kösen MG, Gezer ŞG. Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War. uidergisi. Eylül 2025;22(87):85-104. doi:10.33458/uidergisi.1682294
Chicago Kösen, Mustafa Gökcan, ve Ş. Gökçe Gezer. “Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War”. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi 22, sy. 87 (Eylül 2025): 85-104. https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1682294.
EndNote Kösen MG, Gezer ŞG (01 Eylül 2025) Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi 22 87 85–104.
IEEE M. G. Kösen ve Ş. G. Gezer, “Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War”, uidergisi, c. 22, sy. 87, ss. 85–104, 2025, doi: 10.33458/uidergisi.1682294.
ISNAD Kösen, Mustafa Gökcan - Gezer, Ş. Gökçe. “Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War”. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi 22/87 (Eylül2025), 85-104. https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1682294.
JAMA Kösen MG, Gezer ŞG. Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War. uidergisi. 2025;22:85–104.
MLA Kösen, Mustafa Gökcan ve Ş. Gökçe Gezer. “Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War”. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, c. 22, sy. 87, 2025, ss. 85-104, doi:10.33458/uidergisi.1682294.
Vancouver Kösen MG, Gezer ŞG. Emotion Norms and International Securitization in Foreign Policy Analysis: The Official Russian Narratives on the Ukrainian-Russian War. uidergisi. 2025;22(87):85-104.