“The Qur'an-Science Relations Throughout History and A Linguistic Analysis of the Qur'an-Science Relationship in the Context of Scientific Discoveries”

The relation between religion and science is the most controversial issue today as it was in the past. Many of the scholars refer in these debates to Christianity by religion. One of the main reasons for the tension between Christianity and science is that the Christian holy books contain doctrines contradicting the results of positive sciences. the negative attitude of the Catholic Church towards science during the middle ages was criticized. Moreover, some scholars considered the past as the conflict arena between the science and religion. The negative attitude of medieval Catholicism towards Copernicus’s scientific discovery and trial of Galileo, who supported Copernicus were the most known examples that symbolized the tension of science and religion. In Islamic history, this kind of tension between science and religion has not been witnessed. In the Islamic world, even rational materialist philosophers such as Ibn al-Ravendi and Abu Bakr al-Razi cannot be said to have been subject to severe punishments, torture and constant prosecution. Therefore, it cannot be said that the religion-science tension observed in the Christendom is also experienced in the Islamic world. This was, above all, due to the positive attitude of the Islam's holy book, the Qur'an, against science and scientific thought. It is seen that the Qur'an going further points out by different contexts in a very special language to some scientific facts, which have only been discovered and known in detail today. It is known that not only the Arabs of Jahiliyya pre Islam but also the philosophical and scientific background of the age is much far beyond the discovery of these realities. These natural realities could only be discovered by modern scientific studies. So, Muslim scholars have never been shy against science. On the contrary, they received everything they found in ancient civilizations in terms of scientific thought. İn this way, they have transferred the scientific and intellectual heritage of all the great civilizations such as Iran, Byzantine, Greek, Egypt and Indian to the Islamic world in a very short time. In the work, the relationship between the Qur'an and scientific thought and its historical projections will be discussed and evaluated. In addition, the linguistic subtleties of the Qur'an in the Cahiliyya era, which reflect a profoundly scientific sense, will be discussed through two most striking examples of its linguistic uses that go beyond the ages.