Deniz Gücünde Ada, Boğaz ve Geçitlerin Jeopolitik Etkisi: Birleşik Krallık ve Japonya

Öz

Bu çalışma, deniz gücünün küresel güç statüsüne ulaşmadaki rolünü İngiltere ve Japonya örnekleri üzerinden incelemektedir. Küresel bir güç olabilmenin yolunu denizlerin ve ticaret yollarının kontrolüyle sağlanabileceğini belirten Mahan, denizaşırı ada ve üslerin sağladığı küresel erişimin önemine dikkat çekmiştir. Bu çalışma, 1868-1945 yılları arasındaki dönemde İngiltere ve Japonya’nın aynı coğrafi şartlara sahipken İngiltere’nin neden küresel bir güç olabildiğini ve Japonya’nın neden bölgesel bir güç olarak kaldığını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda ada, geçit ve boğaz gibi coğrafi unsurların kontrolü; ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik, deniz gücü ve küresel erişim ilişkisi çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Çalışmada birincil ve ikincil kaynak dokümanlar, yazılı eserler ve makalelerden veriler toplanmış ve karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, İngiltere’nin deniz gücünü sürdürülebilir bir ekonomik altyapı ve denizaşırı üsler aracılığıyla küresel bir erişim ağı oluşturarak küresel bir güç haline geldiğini; Japonya’nın ise deniz gücüne sürdürülebilir bir ekonomik altyapı sağlayamadığı için bölgesel bir savunma stratejisini benimsemek zorunda kaldığını ve bölgesel güç statüsünde kaldığını göstermektedir. Çalışmada denizaşırı kontrol edilen coğrafi unsurların küresel bir erişim kapasitesi sağlayarak küresel gücün önemli değişkenleri olduğu vurgulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Deniz Gücü
• İngiltere
• Japonya
• Jeopolitik
• Ada

The Geopolitical Influence of Islands, Straits and Passages on Seapower: United Kingdom and Japan

Öz

This study examines the role of sea power in achieving global power status through the examples of Britain and Japan. Mahan, who stated that the path to becoming a global power could be secured through control of the seas and trade routes, drew attention to the importance of global access provided by overseas islands and bases. This study aims to examine why Britain became a global power while Japan remained a regional power during the period 1868-1945, despite both countries having similar geographical conditions. In this context, the control of geographical elements such as islands, straits and passes has been examined in the framework of economic sustainability, naval power and global access. Data was collected from primary and secondary source documents, written works, and articles and analysed comparatively. The findings show that Britain became a global power by establishing a global access network through a sustainable economic infrastructure and overseas bases, while Japan was forced to adopt a regional defence strategy and remained a regional power because it could not provide a sustainable economic infrastructure for its naval power. The study emphasises that overseas controlled geographical elements are important variables of global power, providing global access capacity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Seapower
• United Kingdom
• Japan
• Geopolitics
• Island

Kaynakça

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