ON POST-STRUCTURALİST THERAPY AND DE-LİMİTİNG GENDER FROM BİNARY
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 38 - 59, 03.11.2018
Filiz Celik
Öz
Gender non-binary, gender variant or gender plural are the terms used to accommodate the population that associate their gender identity outside the male and female binaries of gender dichotomy. Current psychotherapy practices are evolving to accommodate nontraditional, non-determinist and non-oppressive new terminologies to work with a gender pluralistic worldview. The ontological and epistemological shift from positivist approach to therapeutic issues to post-structuralist shift brought language afore as the site of power and meaning. Family and systemic psychotherapy is a particular cohort in the world of psychotherapy that operates with a social constructivist, deconstructive and poststructuralist epistemology. Distanced from pre-determined notions of pathology and wellbeing family and systemic psychotherapists work with power and knowledge using the language as site that power and knowledge is both used and produced to introduce systemic changes. A cisgender therapist adopting a post-structuralist position can access local realities of the individuals and families yet remain too focused on gender
variance/pluralism and may lose their holistic approach. It is recommended that a poststructuralist therapist working with gender issues adopts an integrative approach as sees gender issues not central but integral to systems to create systemic changes.
Kaynakça
- Addison, S. A., & Coolhart, D. (2015). Expanding the Therapy Paradigm with Queer Couples: A Relational Intersectional Lens. Family Process, 435-453.
- Anderson, H., & Goolishian, H. (1992). The client is the expert: a not-knowing approach to therapy. In S. McNamee, & K. J. Gergen, Therapy as social Construction (pp. 25-39). London: Sage.
- Anderson, H., & Goolishian, H. A. (1988). Human systems as lingusitic sytems: Preliminary and evolving ideas about the implications for clinical theory. Family Process, 371-393.
- Berg, I. K., & de Shazer, S. (1993). Making Numbers Talk: Language in Therapy. In S. Friedman (Ed.), The New Language of Change: Constructice Colloboration in Psyschotherapy (pp. 5-25). New York: The Guildford Press.
- Berman, A. (1988). From the New Criticism to Deconstruction: The Reception of Structuralism and Post-Structuralism. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
- Blumer, M. L., Green, M. S., Knowles, S. J., & Williams, A. (2012). Shedding light on thirteen years of darkness: content analysis of articles pertaining to transgender issues in marriage/couple and family therapy journals. Journal of Marital Family Therapy, 244-256.
- Burnham, J. (1992). 'Approach - Method- Techniques: Making Distinctions and Creating Connections' . Human Systems, 3-26.
- Butler, C. (2018). The social construction of non-binary gender identity. Context: The Magazine for Family Therapy and Systemic Practice in the UK, 27-28.
- Butler, J. (1990). Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity . New York: Routledge.
- Cecchin, G. (1987). 'Hypothesising, Circularity and Neutrality Revisited: An Invitation to Curisoty'. Family Process, 405-413.
- Cecchin, G. (1992). Irreverence: A strategy for therapists' survival. London: Karnac.
- de Shazer, S., & Berg, I. K. (1992). Doing therapy: A post-structural re-vision. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 71-81.
- Dickerson, V. (2014). The advance of poststructuralism and its influence on on family therapy . Family Process, 401-414.
- Esmiol, E. E., Knudson-Martin, C., & Delgado, S. (2011). Developing a contextual consciousness: Learnign to address gender, societal power, and culture in clinical practice . Journal of Marital and Family Therapy , 573-588.
- Friedman, S. (Ed.). (1993). The New Language of Change: Constructive Collaboration in Psychotherapy. New York: The Guilford Press.
- Goldner, V. (1988). Generation and gender: normative and covert hierarchies . Family Process, 17-31.
- Harcourt, B. E. (2007, March 12). An Answer to the Question: 'What is Poststructiualism?'. Public Law and Legal theory Papers. Chicago: University of Chicago Public Law & Legal Theory Workign Paper No: 156.
- Hardy, K. V. (2008). On becoming a GEMM therapist: Work harder, be smarter, and never discuss race. In M. &. Hardy (Ed.), Re-visioning family therapy: Race, culture, and gender in clinical practice (2nd ed., pp. 461-469). New York: Guilford Press.
- Hare-Mustin, R. T., & Marecek, J. (1988). The Meaning of Difference: Gender Theory, Postmodernism, and Psychology. American Psychologist , 455-464.
- Hosie, R. (2017, December 13). The Independent Newspaper. Retrieved March 25, 2018, from Transgender Man gives Birth to Healthy Baby Five years After Having First Child As A Woman: https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/transgender-man-gives-birth-baby-first-child-woman-kaci-sullivan-wisconsin-a8107481.html
- Lappin, J. (1998). Family therapy: A structural approach. In R. A. Dorfman, Paradigms of Clinical Social Work (pp. 220-252). London and New York: Brunner/Mazel, Inc.
Larner, G. (2000). Towards a common ground in psychoanalysis and family therapy: on knowing not to know. Family therapy, 61-82.
Malley, M., & Tasker, F. (1999). Lesbians, gay men and family therapy: a contradiction in terms? . The assocation for Family therapy and Systemic Practice , 3-29.
McDowell, T., Ingoglia, L., Serizawa, T., Holland, C., Dashell Jr, J. W., & Stevens, C. (2007). Raising Multicultural Awareness in Family Therapy Through Critical Conversations. Journal of Marital adn Family Therapy, 399-411.
- McGoldrick, M., & Hardy, K. V. (Eds.). (2008). Re-visioning family therapy: Race, culture, and gender in clinical practice (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
McGoldrick, M., Giordano, J., & Garcia-Preto, N. (2005). Overview: Ethnicity and family therapy. In M. McGoldrick, J. Giordano, & N. Garcia-Preto (Eds.), Ethnicity and family therapy (pp. 1-40). New York: Guilford Press.
- Monro, S. (2005). Beyond Male and Female: Poststructuralism and the Spectrum of Gender. International Journal of Transgenderism, 3-22.
- Nealy, E. C. (2008). Working with LGBT Families. In M. McGoldrick, & K. V. Hardy (Eds.), Re-Visioning Family Therapy: Race, Culture, and Gender in Clinical Practice (pp. 289-300). London: The Guilford Press.
- Otis, M. D., Rostosky, S. S., Riggle, E. D., & Hamrin, R. (2006). Stress and relationship quality in same-sex couples. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 81-99.
- Pearce, W. B. (2004, January 7). The Coordinated. Retrieved February 15, 2018, from http://cmminstitute.net/sites/default/files/documents/The-Coordinated-Management-of-Meaning-2004.pdf
- Pearce, W. B., & Cronen, V. E. (1980). Communication, action, and meaning: The creation of social realities. Praeger.
- Piaget, J. (1968 [2015]). Structuralism. (C. Maschler, Trans.) London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
- Shalvery, T. (1979). Claude Levi-Strauss: Social Psychothreapy and the Collective Unconcious. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.
- Sutherland, O., Lamarre, A., & Rice, C. (2017). The Primacy of Discourse in the Study of Gender in Family Therapy. Family Process, 669-685.
- Tomm, K. (1987a). Interventive interviewing: Part I. Strategizing as a fourth guideline for the therapist. Family process, 3-13.
- Tomm, K. (1987b). Interventive interviewing: Part II. Reflexive questioning as a means to enable self‐healing. Family process, 167-183.
- Tomm, K. (1988). Interventive interviewing: Part III. Intending to ask lineal, circular, strategic, or reflexive questions?. Family process, 1-15.
- Tomm, K. (1998). A question of perspective. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 409-413.
- Toomey, R. B., Ryan, C., Diaz, R. M., & Russell, S. T. (2017). Coping With Sexual Orientation–Related Minority Stress. Journal of Homosexuality, 484-500.
- Walters, M., Carter, B., Papp, P., & Silverstein, O. (1988). The Invisible Web: Gender Patterns in Family Relations. New York: Guildford Press.
- White, M., & Epston, D. (1990). Narrative Means to Therapeutic Ends. London: Norton.
- Williams, R. (2014, June 27). Facebook's 71 gender options come to UK users. Retrieved from The Telegraph:
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/facebook/10930654/Facebooks-71-gender-options-come-to-UK-users.html
On Post-Structuralist Therapy and De-limiting Gender from Binary
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 38 - 59, 03.11.2018
Filiz Celik
Öz
Gender non-binary, gender variant or gender plural are the terms
used to accommodate the population that associate their gender identity outside
the male and female binaries of gender dichotomy. Current psychotherapy
practices are evolving to accommodate non-traditional, non-determinist and
non-oppressive new terminologies to work with a gender pluralistic worldview.
The ontological and epistemological shift from positivist approach to
therapeutic issues to post-structuralist shift brought language afore as the
site of power and meaning. Family and systemic psychotherapy is a particular
cohort in the world of psychotherapy that operates with a social
constructivist, deconstructive and post-structuralist epistemology. Distanced
from pre-determined notions of pathology and well-being family and systemic
psychotherapists work with power and knowledge using the language as site that
power and knowledge is both used and produced to introduce systemic changes. A
cisgender therapist adopting a post-structuralist position can access local
realities of the individuals and families yet remain too focused on gender
variance/pluralism and may lose their holistic approach. It is recommended that
a post-structuralist therapist working with gender issues adopts an integrative
approach as sees gender issues not central but integral to systems to create
systemic changes.
Kaynakça
- Addison, S. A., & Coolhart, D. (2015). Expanding the Therapy Paradigm with Queer Couples: A Relational Intersectional Lens. Family Process, 435-453.
- Anderson, H., & Goolishian, H. (1992). The client is the expert: a not-knowing approach to therapy. In S. McNamee, & K. J. Gergen, Therapy as social Construction (pp. 25-39). London: Sage.
- Anderson, H., & Goolishian, H. A. (1988). Human systems as lingusitic sytems: Preliminary and evolving ideas about the implications for clinical theory. Family Process, 371-393.
- Berg, I. K., & de Shazer, S. (1993). Making Numbers Talk: Language in Therapy. In S. Friedman (Ed.), The New Language of Change: Constructice Colloboration in Psyschotherapy (pp. 5-25). New York: The Guildford Press.
- Berman, A. (1988). From the New Criticism to Deconstruction: The Reception of Structuralism and Post-Structuralism. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
- Blumer, M. L., Green, M. S., Knowles, S. J., & Williams, A. (2012). Shedding light on thirteen years of darkness: content analysis of articles pertaining to transgender issues in marriage/couple and family therapy journals. Journal of Marital Family Therapy, 244-256.
- Burnham, J. (1992). 'Approach - Method- Techniques: Making Distinctions and Creating Connections' . Human Systems, 3-26.
- Butler, C. (2018). The social construction of non-binary gender identity. Context: The Magazine for Family Therapy and Systemic Practice in the UK, 27-28.
- Butler, J. (1990). Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity . New York: Routledge.
- Cecchin, G. (1987). 'Hypothesising, Circularity and Neutrality Revisited: An Invitation to Curisoty'. Family Process, 405-413.
- Cecchin, G. (1992). Irreverence: A strategy for therapists' survival. London: Karnac.
- de Shazer, S., & Berg, I. K. (1992). Doing therapy: A post-structural re-vision. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 71-81.
- Dickerson, V. (2014). The advance of poststructuralism and its influence on on family therapy . Family Process, 401-414.
- Esmiol, E. E., Knudson-Martin, C., & Delgado, S. (2011). Developing a contextual consciousness: Learnign to address gender, societal power, and culture in clinical practice . Journal of Marital and Family Therapy , 573-588.
- Friedman, S. (Ed.). (1993). The New Language of Change: Constructive Collaboration in Psychotherapy. New York: The Guilford Press.
- Goldner, V. (1988). Generation and gender: normative and covert hierarchies . Family Process, 17-31.
- Harcourt, B. E. (2007, March 12). An Answer to the Question: 'What is Poststructiualism?'. Public Law and Legal theory Papers. Chicago: University of Chicago Public Law & Legal Theory Workign Paper No: 156.
- Hardy, K. V. (2008). On becoming a GEMM therapist: Work harder, be smarter, and never discuss race. In M. &. Hardy (Ed.), Re-visioning family therapy: Race, culture, and gender in clinical practice (2nd ed., pp. 461-469). New York: Guilford Press.
- Hare-Mustin, R. T., & Marecek, J. (1988). The Meaning of Difference: Gender Theory, Postmodernism, and Psychology. American Psychologist , 455-464.
- Hosie, R. (2017, December 13). The Independent Newspaper. Retrieved March 25, 2018, from Transgender Man gives Birth to Healthy Baby Five years After Having First Child As A Woman: https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/transgender-man-gives-birth-baby-first-child-woman-kaci-sullivan-wisconsin-a8107481.html
- Lappin, J. (1998). Family therapy: A structural approach. In R. A. Dorfman, Paradigms of Clinical Social Work (pp. 220-252). London and New York: Brunner/Mazel, Inc.
Larner, G. (2000). Towards a common ground in psychoanalysis and family therapy: on knowing not to know. Family therapy, 61-82.
Malley, M., & Tasker, F. (1999). Lesbians, gay men and family therapy: a contradiction in terms? . The assocation for Family therapy and Systemic Practice , 3-29.
McDowell, T., Ingoglia, L., Serizawa, T., Holland, C., Dashell Jr, J. W., & Stevens, C. (2007). Raising Multicultural Awareness in Family Therapy Through Critical Conversations. Journal of Marital adn Family Therapy, 399-411.
- McGoldrick, M., & Hardy, K. V. (Eds.). (2008). Re-visioning family therapy: Race, culture, and gender in clinical practice (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
McGoldrick, M., Giordano, J., & Garcia-Preto, N. (2005). Overview: Ethnicity and family therapy. In M. McGoldrick, J. Giordano, & N. Garcia-Preto (Eds.), Ethnicity and family therapy (pp. 1-40). New York: Guilford Press.
- Monro, S. (2005). Beyond Male and Female: Poststructuralism and the Spectrum of Gender. International Journal of Transgenderism, 3-22.
- Nealy, E. C. (2008). Working with LGBT Families. In M. McGoldrick, & K. V. Hardy (Eds.), Re-Visioning Family Therapy: Race, Culture, and Gender in Clinical Practice (pp. 289-300). London: The Guilford Press.
- Otis, M. D., Rostosky, S. S., Riggle, E. D., & Hamrin, R. (2006). Stress and relationship quality in same-sex couples. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 81-99.
- Pearce, W. B. (2004, January 7). The Coordinated. Retrieved February 15, 2018, from http://cmminstitute.net/sites/default/files/documents/The-Coordinated-Management-of-Meaning-2004.pdf
- Pearce, W. B., & Cronen, V. E. (1980). Communication, action, and meaning: The creation of social realities. Praeger.
- Piaget, J. (1968 [2015]). Structuralism. (C. Maschler, Trans.) London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
- Shalvery, T. (1979). Claude Levi-Strauss: Social Psychothreapy and the Collective Unconcious. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.
- Sutherland, O., Lamarre, A., & Rice, C. (2017). The Primacy of Discourse in the Study of Gender in Family Therapy. Family Process, 669-685.
- Tomm, K. (1987a). Interventive interviewing: Part I. Strategizing as a fourth guideline for the therapist. Family process, 3-13.
- Tomm, K. (1987b). Interventive interviewing: Part II. Reflexive questioning as a means to enable self‐healing. Family process, 167-183.
- Tomm, K. (1988). Interventive interviewing: Part III. Intending to ask lineal, circular, strategic, or reflexive questions?. Family process, 1-15.
- Tomm, K. (1998). A question of perspective. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 409-413.
- Toomey, R. B., Ryan, C., Diaz, R. M., & Russell, S. T. (2017). Coping With Sexual Orientation–Related Minority Stress. Journal of Homosexuality, 484-500.
- Walters, M., Carter, B., Papp, P., & Silverstein, O. (1988). The Invisible Web: Gender Patterns in Family Relations. New York: Guildford Press.
- White, M., & Epston, D. (1990). Narrative Means to Therapeutic Ends. London: Norton.
- Williams, R. (2014, June 27). Facebook's 71 gender options come to UK users. Retrieved from The Telegraph:
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/facebook/10930654/Facebooks-71-gender-options-come-to-UK-users.html