Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

YEŞİL BÜYÜMENİN BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: ÇİN ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2023, , 17 - 32, 08.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.1180617

Öz

Küreselleşme süreci ile birlikte Çin, yüksek seviyede ekonomik büyüme oranları gerçekleştirmiştir. Gelişmekte olan ülkeler arasında yer alan Çin gerek nüfusu gerek ekonomik potansiyeli ile dünyada öne çıkan ekonomiler arasında yer almaktadır. Ülke ekonomilerinde en önemli makroekonomik hedefler arasında ekonomik büyüme yer almaktadır. Söz konusu hedefin sürdürülebilir olması ciddi önem taşımaktadır. Bu açıdan hem sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyüme hem de ekonomik kalkınma açısından yeşil büyüme çok önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada en çok karbon salınımına sebep olan ülkeler arasında yer alan Çin ekonomisine ait 1990-2019 örneklem döneminde yıllık finansal gelişme, yenilenebilir enerji ve ekonomik entegrasyon değişkenleri ile yeşil büyüme ilişkisi araştırılmaktadır. Ampirik yöntem olarak Fourier ARDL yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ampirik bulgular uzun dönemli ilişkinin mevcut olduğunu göstermiştir. Uzun dönem katsayı tahmin bulgularına göre Çin’de finansal gelişmenin yeşil büyüme üzerinde olumlu, yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi ve ekonomik entegrasyon ise olumsuz yönde etkide bulunmuştur. Kısa dönem bulguları ise finansal gelişmenin yeşil büyüme üzerinde olumlu, yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin ise olumsuz etkisinin bulunduğu ortaya konmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Acaravcı A., Erdoğan, S. ve Akalın, G. (2015). The Electricity Consumption, Real Income, Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment: The Empirical Evidence from Turkey. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 5(4), 1050-1057.
  • Acaravcı, A., Öztürk İ. ve Kakilli S.A. (2007). Finance-Growth Nexus: Evidence from Turkey. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 11, 30-40.
  • Ağır, H. ve Kar, M. (2010). Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Düzeyi İlişkisi: Yatay Kesit Analizi. Sosyoekonomi Dergisi, Özel Sayı 2010-EN/10EN07, 150-176.
  • Akbilgic, O., Doluweera, G., Mahmoudkhani, M. ve Bergerson, J. (2015). A Meta-Analysis of Carbon Capture and Storage Technology Assessments: Understanding the Driving Factors of Variability in Cost Estimates. Applied Energy, 159, 11-18.
  • Akhmat, G., Zaman, K., Shukui, T., Irfan, D. ve Khan, M. M. (2014). Does Energy Consumption Contribute to Environmental Pollutants? Evidence from SAARC Countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 21(9), 5940-5951.
  • Alataş, S. (2022). Green Economic Growth and Renewable Energy Consumption: Empirical Evidence from Emerging Countries. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 18(1), 1-14.
  • Altun, N., Kurt, İ. ve Özbaysal, T. (2021). Adım Adım Yeni Dünya Düzeni: Çin BKBY Projesi. Gümrük ve Ticaret Dergisi, 8(26), 81-93.
  • Al-Yousif, Y. K. (2002). Financial Development and Economic Growth: Another Look at the Evidence from Developing Countries. Review of Financial Economics, 11(2), 131-150.
  • Apergis, N. ve Payne, J. E. (2010). Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from a Panel of OECD Countries. Energy Policy, (38), 656-660.
  • Bagheri, M., Guevara, Z., Alikarami, M., Kennedy, C. A. ve Doluweera, G. (2018). Green Growth Planning: A Multi-Factor Energy Input-Output Analysis of the Canadian Economy. Energy Economics, 74, 708-720.
  • Bayraktar, Y. ve Kaya, H. İ. (2016). Yenilenebilir Enerji Politikaları ve Rüzgâr Enerjisi Açısından Bir Karşılaştırma: Çin, Almanya ve Türkiye Örneği. Uluslararası Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2(4), 1-18.
  • Belke, A., Dreger, C. ve Dobnik, F. (2011). Energy Consumption and Economic Growth-New Insights into the Cointegration Relationship. Energy Economics, 33, 782-789.
  • Bowen, W. M., Park, S. ve Elvery, J. A. (2013). Empirical Estimates of the Influence of Renewable Energy Portfolio Standards on the Green Economies of States. Economic Development Quarterly, 27(4), 338-351.
  • Bozoklu, Ş. ve Yılancı, V. (2013). Finansal Gelişme ve İktisadi Büyüme Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: Gelişmekte Olan Ekonomiler İçin Analiz. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), 161-187.
  • Christopoulos, D. K. ve Leon-Ledesma, M. A. (2011). International Output Convergence, Breaks, and Asymmetric Adjustment. Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, 15(3).
  • Dai, H., Xie, X., Xie, Y., Liu, J. ve Masui, T. (2016). Green Growth: The Economic Impacts of Large-Scale Renewable Energy Development in China. Applied Energy, 162, 435-449.
  • Dale, G., Mathai, M. V. ve Oliveira, J. D. (2016). Green Growth: Ideology, Political Economy and The Alternatives. Zed Books.
  • Dumitrescu, E.-I. ve Hurlin, C. (2012). Testing for Granger Non-Causality in Heterogeneous Panels. Economic Modelling, 29(4), 1450-1460.
  • Enders, W. ve Lee, J. (2012). The Flexible Fourier Form and Dickey-Fuller Type Unit Root Tests. Economics Letters, 117(1), 196-199.
  • Eser, R. ve Sinan, B. (2018). Seçilmiş Asya Ülkelerinde Hanehalkı Tasarrufları ve Finansal Gelişme. Journal of Management and Economics Research, 16(2), 286-316.
  • Eyüboğlu, K. ve Akan, K. (2020). Türkiye’de Finansal Gelişme ve Ekonomik Büyüme Ilişkisi: RALS-EG Eşbütünleşme Testi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(4), 974-988.
  • Fay, M. (2012). Inclusive Green Growth: The Pathway to Sustainable Development. Washington, DC: World Bank Publications.
  • Janicke, M. (2012). Green Growth: From A Growing Eco-Industry to Economic Sustainability. Energy Policy, 48, 13-21.
  • Kao, C., Chiang, M. ve Chen, B. (1999). International R&D Spillovers: An Application of Estimation and Inference in Panel Cointegration. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 61, 691-709.
  • Karakul, A. K. (2016). Educating Labour Force for A Green Economy and Renewable Energy Jobs in Turkey: A Quantitave Approach. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 63, 568-578.
  • King, R. G. ve Levine, R. (1993). Finance and Growth: Schumpeter Might Be Right. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108(3), 717-737.
  • Köse, Z. ve Gültekin, H. (2019). Ekonomik Büyümenin Bir Belirleyicisi Olarak Dış Ticaret: NAFTA Ülkeleri Örneği. Gazi İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 5(2), 139-151.
  • Li, X., Du, J. ve Long, H. (2018). A Comparative Study of Chinese and Foreign Green Development from the Perspective of Mapping Knowledge Domains. Sustainability, 10(12), 43-57.
  • Li, X., Du, J. ve Long, H. (2019a). Theoretical Framework and Formation Mechanism of the Green Development System Model in China. Environmental Development, 32, 100465.
  • Li, X., Du, J. ve Long, H. (2019b). Dynamic Analysis of International Green Behavior from the Perspective of the Mapping Knowledge Domain. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(6), 6087-6098.
  • Li, X., Du, J. ve Long, H. (2019c). Green Development Behavior and Performance of Industrial Enterprises Based on Grounded Theory Study: Evidence from China. Sustainability, 11(15), 4133.
  • Lin, B. ve Benjamin, N. I. (2017). Green Development Determinants in China: A Non-Radial Quantile Outlook. Journal of Cleaner Production, 162, 764-775.
  • McKinnon, R. I. (1973). Money and Capital in Economic Development. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution.
  • Mcnown, R., Sam, C. Y. ve Goh, S. K. (2018). Bootstrapping the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Test for Cointegration. Applied Economics, 50, 1509-1521.
  • Naimoğlu, M. (2022). Yenilenebilir Enerji Kullanımının Yeşil Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisi: Yükselen Ekonomiler Örneği. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, 22(2), 1-13.
  • Nasreen, S. ve Anwar, S. (2014). Causal Relationship between Trade Openness, Economic Growth and Energy Consumption: A Panel Data Analysis of Asian Countries. Energy Policy, 69, 82-91.
  • Nosheen, M., Iqbal, J. ve Abbasi, M. A. (2021). Do Technological Innovations Promote Green Growth in the European Union?. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(17), 21717-21729.
  • Oğul, B. (2022). G7 Ülkelerinde Ekonomik Büyüme ve Cari İşlemler Dengesi İlişkisi: Panel Veri Analizi. Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi ,4(1), 42-50.
  • Omay, T. (2015). Fractional Frequency Flexible Fourier Form to Approximate Smooth Breaks in Unit Root Testing. Economics Letters, 134, 123-126.
  • Özgür, O., Yilanci, V. ve Kongkuah, M. (2022). Nuclear Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in India: Evidence from Fourier ARDL Bounds Test Approach. Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 54(5), 1657-1663.
  • Öztürk A., Aslan, A., ve Kalyoncu, H. (2010). Energy Consumption and Economic Growth Relationship: Evidence from Panel Data for Low and Middle Income Countries. Energy Policy, 38, 4422-4428.
  • Öztürk, İ., Kaplan, M. ve Kalyoncu, H. (2011). Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Turkey: Cointegration and Causality Analysis. Romanian Journal of Economic Forecasting, (2), 31-41.
  • Öztürk, L. (2007). Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma. Ankara: İmaj Yayıncılık.
  • Pahle, M., Pachauri, S. ve Steinbacher, K. (2016). Can the Green Economy Deliver it all? Experiences of Renewable Energy Policies with Socio-Economic Objectives. Applied Energy, 179, 1331-1341.
  • Pedroni, P. (1999). Critical Values for Cointegration Tests in Heterogeneous Panels with Multiple Regressors. Department of Economics Working Papers, Department of Economics, Williams College (No. 2000-02).
  • Pedroni, P. (2004). Panel Cointegration: Asymptotic and Finite Sample Properties of Pooled Time Series Tests with an Application to the PPP Hypothesis. Department of Economics Working Papers, Department of Economics, Williams College (No. 2004-15).
  • Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y. ve Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to The Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
  • Qureshi, M. I., Rasli, A. M., Awan, U., Ma, J., Ali, G., Alam, A. ve Zaman, K. (2015). Environment and Air Pollution: Health Services Bequeath to Grotesque Menace. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(5), 3467-3476.
  • Ramos, F. F. R. (2001). Exports, Imports, and Economic Growth in Portugal: Evidence from Causality and Cointegration Analysis. Economic Modelling, 18, 613-623.
  • Schneider. P. H. (2005). International Trade, Economic Growth and Intellectual Property Rights: A Panel Data Study of Developed and Developing Countries. Journal of Development Economics, 78, 529-547.
  • Shaw, E S. (1973). Financial Deepening in Economic Development. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Sohag, K., Taşkın, F. D. ve Malik, M. N. (2019). Green Economic Growth, Cleaner Energy and Militarization: Evidence from Turkey. Resources Policy, 63, 101407.
  • Şeker, F. ve Çetin, M. (2015). Düşük Karbonlu Yeşil Büyüme ve Karbondioksit Salınımının Temel Belirleyicileri: Türkiye Uygulaması. Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(8), 22-41.
  • Taşkın, D., Vardar, G. ve Okan, B. (2020). Does Renewable Energy Promote Green Economic Growth in OECD Countries?. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 11(4), 771-798.
  • Tawiah, V., Zakari, A. ve Adedoyin, F. F. (2021). Determinants of Green Growth in Developed and Developing Countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(29), 39227-39242.
  • Ulucak, R. (2020). How Do Environmental Technologies Affect Green Growth? Evidence from BRICS Economies. Science of the Total Environment, 712, 136504. Uluslararası Enerji Ajansı (IEA), Erişim Adresi www.iea.org
  • UNEP (2011). Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication. United Nations Environment Programme, St-Martin-Bellevue, France.
  • Wang, K. H., Umar, M., Akram, R. ve Caglar, E. (2021). Is Technological Innovation Making World “Greener”? An Evidence from Changing Growth Story of China. Technol. Forecast. Soc., 165, 120516.
  • Wang, X. ve Shao, Q. (2019). Non-linear Effects of Heterogeneous Environmental Regulations on Green Growth in G20 Countries: Evidence from Panel Threshold Regression. Science of the Total Environment, 660, 1346-1354.
  • Westerlund, J. (2007). Testing for Error Correction in Panel Data. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 69(6), 709-748.
  • Westerlund, J. ve Edgerton, D. L. (2007). A Panel Bootstrap Cointegration Test. Economics Letters, 97(3), 185-190.
  • Wu, W., Cheng, Y., Lin, X. ve Yao, X. (2019). How Does The Implementation of The Policy of Electricity Substitution Influence Green Economic Growth in China?. Energy Policy, 131, 251-261.
  • Xie, F., Liu, Y., Guan, F. ve Wang, N. (2020). How to Coordinate The Relationship Between Renewable Energy Consumption and Green Economic Development: from The Perspective of Technological Advancement. Environmental Sciences Europe, 32(1), 1-15.
  • Yang, X. Jin, Hu, H. ve Tan, T. ve Li, J. (2016). China’s Renewable Energy Goals by 2050. Environmental Development, 20, 83-90.
  • Yenilmez, F., ve Erdem, M. S. (2018). Türkiye ve Avrupa Birliği’nde Ekonomik Büyüme ile Enerji Tüketimi Arasındaki İlişki: Toda-Yamamoto Nedensellik Testi. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(1), 71-95.
  • Yılancı, V. ve Pata, U. K. (2020). Investigating the EKC Hypothesis for China: The Role of Economic Complexity on Ecological Footprint. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(26), 32683-32694.
  • Yılancı, V., Bozoklu, S. ve Görüş, M. S. (2020). Are BRICS Countries Pollution Havens? Evidence from a Bootstrap ARDL Bounds Testing Approach with a Fourier Function. Sustainable Cities and Society, 55, 1-12.
  • Yılmaz, E. ve Pasin Cowley, P. (2022). Enerji Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisine Ekonometrik Yaklaşım. Akademik Araştırmalar ve Çalışmalar Dergisi (AKAD), 14 (26), 59-74.
  • Yılmaz, V. (2018). Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma ve Yeşil Büyüme Arasindaki İlişki. Journal of International Management Educational and Economics Perspectives, 6(2), 79-89.
  • Yi, H. ve Liu, Y. (2015). Green Economy in China: Regional Variations and Policy Drivers. Global Environmental Change, 31, 11-19.
  • Zaman, K., bin Abdullah, A., Khan, A., bin Mohd Nasir, M. R., Hamzah, T. A. A. T. ve Hussain, S. (2016). Dynamic linkages Among Energy Consumption, Environment, Health and Wealth in BRICS Countries: Green Growth Key to Sustainable Development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 56, 1263-1271.

THE DETERMINANTS OF GREEN GROWTH: THE CASE OF CHINA

Yıl 2023, , 17 - 32, 08.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.1180617

Öz

Along with the globalization process, China has achieved high levels of economic growth rates. China, which is among the developing countries, is among the prominent economies in the world with its population and economic potential. Economic growth is among the most important macroeconomic targets in national economies. Sustainability of this target is of great importance. In this respect, green growth has become very important in terms of both sustainable economic growth and economic development. In this study, the relationship between annual financial development, renewable energy and economic integration variables and green growth in the 1990-2019 sample period of the Chinese economy is investigated. Fourier ARDL method was used as empirical method. Empirical findings have shown that there is a long-run relationship. According to both long- and short-term coefficient estimation findings, it has been revealed that financial development has a positive effect on green growth, while renewable energy consumption and economic integration have a negative effect on green growth in China.

Kaynakça

  • Acaravcı A., Erdoğan, S. ve Akalın, G. (2015). The Electricity Consumption, Real Income, Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment: The Empirical Evidence from Turkey. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 5(4), 1050-1057.
  • Acaravcı, A., Öztürk İ. ve Kakilli S.A. (2007). Finance-Growth Nexus: Evidence from Turkey. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 11, 30-40.
  • Ağır, H. ve Kar, M. (2010). Türkiye’de Elektrik Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Düzeyi İlişkisi: Yatay Kesit Analizi. Sosyoekonomi Dergisi, Özel Sayı 2010-EN/10EN07, 150-176.
  • Akbilgic, O., Doluweera, G., Mahmoudkhani, M. ve Bergerson, J. (2015). A Meta-Analysis of Carbon Capture and Storage Technology Assessments: Understanding the Driving Factors of Variability in Cost Estimates. Applied Energy, 159, 11-18.
  • Akhmat, G., Zaman, K., Shukui, T., Irfan, D. ve Khan, M. M. (2014). Does Energy Consumption Contribute to Environmental Pollutants? Evidence from SAARC Countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 21(9), 5940-5951.
  • Alataş, S. (2022). Green Economic Growth and Renewable Energy Consumption: Empirical Evidence from Emerging Countries. Uluslararası Yönetim İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 18(1), 1-14.
  • Altun, N., Kurt, İ. ve Özbaysal, T. (2021). Adım Adım Yeni Dünya Düzeni: Çin BKBY Projesi. Gümrük ve Ticaret Dergisi, 8(26), 81-93.
  • Al-Yousif, Y. K. (2002). Financial Development and Economic Growth: Another Look at the Evidence from Developing Countries. Review of Financial Economics, 11(2), 131-150.
  • Apergis, N. ve Payne, J. E. (2010). Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Evidence from a Panel of OECD Countries. Energy Policy, (38), 656-660.
  • Bagheri, M., Guevara, Z., Alikarami, M., Kennedy, C. A. ve Doluweera, G. (2018). Green Growth Planning: A Multi-Factor Energy Input-Output Analysis of the Canadian Economy. Energy Economics, 74, 708-720.
  • Bayraktar, Y. ve Kaya, H. İ. (2016). Yenilenebilir Enerji Politikaları ve Rüzgâr Enerjisi Açısından Bir Karşılaştırma: Çin, Almanya ve Türkiye Örneği. Uluslararası Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 2(4), 1-18.
  • Belke, A., Dreger, C. ve Dobnik, F. (2011). Energy Consumption and Economic Growth-New Insights into the Cointegration Relationship. Energy Economics, 33, 782-789.
  • Bowen, W. M., Park, S. ve Elvery, J. A. (2013). Empirical Estimates of the Influence of Renewable Energy Portfolio Standards on the Green Economies of States. Economic Development Quarterly, 27(4), 338-351.
  • Bozoklu, Ş. ve Yılancı, V. (2013). Finansal Gelişme ve İktisadi Büyüme Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: Gelişmekte Olan Ekonomiler İçin Analiz. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(2), 161-187.
  • Christopoulos, D. K. ve Leon-Ledesma, M. A. (2011). International Output Convergence, Breaks, and Asymmetric Adjustment. Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, 15(3).
  • Dai, H., Xie, X., Xie, Y., Liu, J. ve Masui, T. (2016). Green Growth: The Economic Impacts of Large-Scale Renewable Energy Development in China. Applied Energy, 162, 435-449.
  • Dale, G., Mathai, M. V. ve Oliveira, J. D. (2016). Green Growth: Ideology, Political Economy and The Alternatives. Zed Books.
  • Dumitrescu, E.-I. ve Hurlin, C. (2012). Testing for Granger Non-Causality in Heterogeneous Panels. Economic Modelling, 29(4), 1450-1460.
  • Enders, W. ve Lee, J. (2012). The Flexible Fourier Form and Dickey-Fuller Type Unit Root Tests. Economics Letters, 117(1), 196-199.
  • Eser, R. ve Sinan, B. (2018). Seçilmiş Asya Ülkelerinde Hanehalkı Tasarrufları ve Finansal Gelişme. Journal of Management and Economics Research, 16(2), 286-316.
  • Eyüboğlu, K. ve Akan, K. (2020). Türkiye’de Finansal Gelişme ve Ekonomik Büyüme Ilişkisi: RALS-EG Eşbütünleşme Testi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(4), 974-988.
  • Fay, M. (2012). Inclusive Green Growth: The Pathway to Sustainable Development. Washington, DC: World Bank Publications.
  • Janicke, M. (2012). Green Growth: From A Growing Eco-Industry to Economic Sustainability. Energy Policy, 48, 13-21.
  • Kao, C., Chiang, M. ve Chen, B. (1999). International R&D Spillovers: An Application of Estimation and Inference in Panel Cointegration. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 61, 691-709.
  • Karakul, A. K. (2016). Educating Labour Force for A Green Economy and Renewable Energy Jobs in Turkey: A Quantitave Approach. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 63, 568-578.
  • King, R. G. ve Levine, R. (1993). Finance and Growth: Schumpeter Might Be Right. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108(3), 717-737.
  • Köse, Z. ve Gültekin, H. (2019). Ekonomik Büyümenin Bir Belirleyicisi Olarak Dış Ticaret: NAFTA Ülkeleri Örneği. Gazi İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 5(2), 139-151.
  • Li, X., Du, J. ve Long, H. (2018). A Comparative Study of Chinese and Foreign Green Development from the Perspective of Mapping Knowledge Domains. Sustainability, 10(12), 43-57.
  • Li, X., Du, J. ve Long, H. (2019a). Theoretical Framework and Formation Mechanism of the Green Development System Model in China. Environmental Development, 32, 100465.
  • Li, X., Du, J. ve Long, H. (2019b). Dynamic Analysis of International Green Behavior from the Perspective of the Mapping Knowledge Domain. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(6), 6087-6098.
  • Li, X., Du, J. ve Long, H. (2019c). Green Development Behavior and Performance of Industrial Enterprises Based on Grounded Theory Study: Evidence from China. Sustainability, 11(15), 4133.
  • Lin, B. ve Benjamin, N. I. (2017). Green Development Determinants in China: A Non-Radial Quantile Outlook. Journal of Cleaner Production, 162, 764-775.
  • McKinnon, R. I. (1973). Money and Capital in Economic Development. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution.
  • Mcnown, R., Sam, C. Y. ve Goh, S. K. (2018). Bootstrapping the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Test for Cointegration. Applied Economics, 50, 1509-1521.
  • Naimoğlu, M. (2022). Yenilenebilir Enerji Kullanımının Yeşil Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisi: Yükselen Ekonomiler Örneği. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, 22(2), 1-13.
  • Nasreen, S. ve Anwar, S. (2014). Causal Relationship between Trade Openness, Economic Growth and Energy Consumption: A Panel Data Analysis of Asian Countries. Energy Policy, 69, 82-91.
  • Nosheen, M., Iqbal, J. ve Abbasi, M. A. (2021). Do Technological Innovations Promote Green Growth in the European Union?. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(17), 21717-21729.
  • Oğul, B. (2022). G7 Ülkelerinde Ekonomik Büyüme ve Cari İşlemler Dengesi İlişkisi: Panel Veri Analizi. Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi ,4(1), 42-50.
  • Omay, T. (2015). Fractional Frequency Flexible Fourier Form to Approximate Smooth Breaks in Unit Root Testing. Economics Letters, 134, 123-126.
  • Özgür, O., Yilanci, V. ve Kongkuah, M. (2022). Nuclear Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in India: Evidence from Fourier ARDL Bounds Test Approach. Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 54(5), 1657-1663.
  • Öztürk A., Aslan, A., ve Kalyoncu, H. (2010). Energy Consumption and Economic Growth Relationship: Evidence from Panel Data for Low and Middle Income Countries. Energy Policy, 38, 4422-4428.
  • Öztürk, İ., Kaplan, M. ve Kalyoncu, H. (2011). Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Turkey: Cointegration and Causality Analysis. Romanian Journal of Economic Forecasting, (2), 31-41.
  • Öztürk, L. (2007). Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma. Ankara: İmaj Yayıncılık.
  • Pahle, M., Pachauri, S. ve Steinbacher, K. (2016). Can the Green Economy Deliver it all? Experiences of Renewable Energy Policies with Socio-Economic Objectives. Applied Energy, 179, 1331-1341.
  • Pedroni, P. (1999). Critical Values for Cointegration Tests in Heterogeneous Panels with Multiple Regressors. Department of Economics Working Papers, Department of Economics, Williams College (No. 2000-02).
  • Pedroni, P. (2004). Panel Cointegration: Asymptotic and Finite Sample Properties of Pooled Time Series Tests with an Application to the PPP Hypothesis. Department of Economics Working Papers, Department of Economics, Williams College (No. 2004-15).
  • Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y. ve Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to The Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289-326.
  • Qureshi, M. I., Rasli, A. M., Awan, U., Ma, J., Ali, G., Alam, A. ve Zaman, K. (2015). Environment and Air Pollution: Health Services Bequeath to Grotesque Menace. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(5), 3467-3476.
  • Ramos, F. F. R. (2001). Exports, Imports, and Economic Growth in Portugal: Evidence from Causality and Cointegration Analysis. Economic Modelling, 18, 613-623.
  • Schneider. P. H. (2005). International Trade, Economic Growth and Intellectual Property Rights: A Panel Data Study of Developed and Developing Countries. Journal of Development Economics, 78, 529-547.
  • Shaw, E S. (1973). Financial Deepening in Economic Development. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Sohag, K., Taşkın, F. D. ve Malik, M. N. (2019). Green Economic Growth, Cleaner Energy and Militarization: Evidence from Turkey. Resources Policy, 63, 101407.
  • Şeker, F. ve Çetin, M. (2015). Düşük Karbonlu Yeşil Büyüme ve Karbondioksit Salınımının Temel Belirleyicileri: Türkiye Uygulaması. Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(8), 22-41.
  • Taşkın, D., Vardar, G. ve Okan, B. (2020). Does Renewable Energy Promote Green Economic Growth in OECD Countries?. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 11(4), 771-798.
  • Tawiah, V., Zakari, A. ve Adedoyin, F. F. (2021). Determinants of Green Growth in Developed and Developing Countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(29), 39227-39242.
  • Ulucak, R. (2020). How Do Environmental Technologies Affect Green Growth? Evidence from BRICS Economies. Science of the Total Environment, 712, 136504. Uluslararası Enerji Ajansı (IEA), Erişim Adresi www.iea.org
  • UNEP (2011). Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication. United Nations Environment Programme, St-Martin-Bellevue, France.
  • Wang, K. H., Umar, M., Akram, R. ve Caglar, E. (2021). Is Technological Innovation Making World “Greener”? An Evidence from Changing Growth Story of China. Technol. Forecast. Soc., 165, 120516.
  • Wang, X. ve Shao, Q. (2019). Non-linear Effects of Heterogeneous Environmental Regulations on Green Growth in G20 Countries: Evidence from Panel Threshold Regression. Science of the Total Environment, 660, 1346-1354.
  • Westerlund, J. (2007). Testing for Error Correction in Panel Data. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 69(6), 709-748.
  • Westerlund, J. ve Edgerton, D. L. (2007). A Panel Bootstrap Cointegration Test. Economics Letters, 97(3), 185-190.
  • Wu, W., Cheng, Y., Lin, X. ve Yao, X. (2019). How Does The Implementation of The Policy of Electricity Substitution Influence Green Economic Growth in China?. Energy Policy, 131, 251-261.
  • Xie, F., Liu, Y., Guan, F. ve Wang, N. (2020). How to Coordinate The Relationship Between Renewable Energy Consumption and Green Economic Development: from The Perspective of Technological Advancement. Environmental Sciences Europe, 32(1), 1-15.
  • Yang, X. Jin, Hu, H. ve Tan, T. ve Li, J. (2016). China’s Renewable Energy Goals by 2050. Environmental Development, 20, 83-90.
  • Yenilmez, F., ve Erdem, M. S. (2018). Türkiye ve Avrupa Birliği’nde Ekonomik Büyüme ile Enerji Tüketimi Arasındaki İlişki: Toda-Yamamoto Nedensellik Testi. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19(1), 71-95.
  • Yılancı, V. ve Pata, U. K. (2020). Investigating the EKC Hypothesis for China: The Role of Economic Complexity on Ecological Footprint. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(26), 32683-32694.
  • Yılancı, V., Bozoklu, S. ve Görüş, M. S. (2020). Are BRICS Countries Pollution Havens? Evidence from a Bootstrap ARDL Bounds Testing Approach with a Fourier Function. Sustainable Cities and Society, 55, 1-12.
  • Yılmaz, E. ve Pasin Cowley, P. (2022). Enerji Tüketimi ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisine Ekonometrik Yaklaşım. Akademik Araştırmalar ve Çalışmalar Dergisi (AKAD), 14 (26), 59-74.
  • Yılmaz, V. (2018). Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma ve Yeşil Büyüme Arasindaki İlişki. Journal of International Management Educational and Economics Perspectives, 6(2), 79-89.
  • Yi, H. ve Liu, Y. (2015). Green Economy in China: Regional Variations and Policy Drivers. Global Environmental Change, 31, 11-19.
  • Zaman, K., bin Abdullah, A., Khan, A., bin Mohd Nasir, M. R., Hamzah, T. A. A. T. ve Hussain, S. (2016). Dynamic linkages Among Energy Consumption, Environment, Health and Wealth in BRICS Countries: Green Growth Key to Sustainable Development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 56, 1263-1271.
Toplam 71 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm MAKALELER
Yazarlar

Sefa Özbek 0000-0002-1043-2056

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 8 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Özbek, S. (2023). YEŞİL BÜYÜMENİN BELİRLEYİCİLERİ: ÇİN ÖRNEĞİ. Uluslararası İktisadi Ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi(40), 17-32. https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.1180617


______________________________________________________

Adres: KTÜ-İİBF. Oda No:213    61080 TRABZON
e-mailuiiidergisi@gmail.com