TÜRKİYE’DE FAKTÖR HAREKETLERİNİN SEKTÖREL DÜZEYDE ÜRETİM YAPISINA ETKİSİ

Yıl 2024, , 29 - 42, 31.10.2024

Ozan Çağrı Demiray , Ayşenur Karahasanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.1438333

Öz

Türkiye ekonomisi özellikle 21. yüzyılda önemli ölçüde uluslararası faktör hareketleriyle karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Bu faktör hareketliliklerinin Türkiye’nin sektörel düzeyde üretim yapısını nasıl etkilediği önemli bir araştırma sorusu olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, faktör hareketlerinin sektörel düzeyde üretim yapısında nasıl bir değişikliğe neden olduğu Heckscher-Ohlin teorisinin önemli çıkarımlarından birisi olan Rybczynski teoremi ile incelenmektedir. Literatürde Rybczynski teoremi çeşitli ülkeler için test edilmiş olsa da Türkiye için yapılmış bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamış olup çalışmanın bu yönde ilgili literatüre katkı yapması beklenmektedir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, faktör hareketlerinin etkileri 2000-2014 yıllarını kapsayacak şekilde Türkiye’nin 2-dijit düzeyindeki 47 ISIC endüstrisi üzerinden analiz edilmiştir. Endüstriler emek-yoğun, sermaye-yoğun ve orta yoğunlukta olmak üzere üçe ayrılmıştır. Rybczynski teoreminin test edilmesi için endüstriler faktör yoğunluklarına göre deney grubu ve kontrol grubu olarak ayrılmış ve farkların farkı çekim spesifikasyonu yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, ters Rybczynski etkisinin varlığına işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Faktör hareketleri, Rybczynski teoremi, Farkların farkı çekim spesifikasyonu

THE IMPACT OF FACTOR MOVEMENTS ON PRODUCTION AT SECTORAL LEVEL IN TÜRKİYE

Öz

Turkish economy has experienced significantly international factor movements especially in the 21st century. How these factor movements affect the production in the sectoral level draws attention as an essential research question. In this study, how factor movements affect the production in the sectoral level in the framework of Rybczynski which is one of the main results of Heckscher-Ohlin theory. Although Rybczynski theorem is tested for several countries, we have not encountered any study implemented for Türkiye. It is expected that this study will contribute to the relevant literature in this regard. In line with this purpose, impacts of factor movements are analyzed for Türkiye’s 47 ISIC industries in 2-digits from 2000 to 2014. Industries are divided into 3 categories: labor-intensive, capital-intensive and medium-intensive. Industries are divided as treatment group and control group based on their intensities and difference-in differences gravity specification is applied to test Rybczynski theorem. The results indicate the existence of the reverse Rybczynski effect.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Factor Movements, Rybczynski Theorem, Difference-in-Difference Gravity Specification

Kaynakça

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