ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF TOURISM POTENTIAL OF OECD COUNTRIES: AN EMPRICAL STUDY WITH DEA

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 20, 83 - 100, 10.01.2018

Rıza Bayrak Ozan Bahar

https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.277725

Öz

In this study we aim to analyze the efficiency of tourism potential of OECD countries in terms of economics
perspective with the data of 2011-2015 years. Number of arrivals (NoA), tourism expenditures (TE) and logistic
performance index (LPI) were used as input variables; while tourism revenues (TR) as output variables in
accordance with the data acquired from World Bank (WB). Both statical and dynamic DEA were conducted
with output oriented models. Considering the results of both the CCR ad BCC models as a whole; USA,
Australia, Spain, Luxembourg, Portugal, Turkey and New Zealand were efficient countries in all years. Taking
into account the required improvements of the variables of the inefficient countries, it is possible to say that
tourism expenditure of the inefficient countries should be decreased approximately 2%. Moreover, it could
be put forwarded that tourism revenues should be increased approximately 92%. As a result of a dynamic
analysis, eight countries (USA, Australia, Spain, Luxembourg, Portugal, Turkey, New Zealand and Greece) were
observed to be efficient DMUs according to both the CCR and BCC models.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tourism, Economic Efficiency Analysis, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF TOURISM SECTOR IN OECD COUNTRIES: AN EMPRICAL STUDY WITH DEA

Öz

Bu çalışmada, 2011-2015 yıllarına ait verilerle OECD ülkelerinin turizm etkinliğinin iktisadi analizi yapılmaya
çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada, girdi değişkeni olarak gelen yolcu sayısı, turizm harcamaları, lojistik performans
endeksi; çıktı değişkeni olarak da turizm gelirleri olmak üzere toplam dört değişken kullanılmıştır. Veriler,
Dünya Bankası veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Analiz yöntemi olarak, statik ve dinamik Veri Zarflama Analizi
(VZA)’nin çıktıya yönelik modelleri kullanılmıştır. Analiz neticesinde; ABD, Avustralya, İspanya, Lüksemburg,
Portekiz, Türkiye ve Yeni Zelanda’nın hem CCR hem de BCC çıktı yönelimli model sonucunda tüm yıllarda etkin
ülkeler olduğu gözlenmiştir. Etkin olmayan ülkelerin değişkenler bazında yapmaları gereken iyileştirme
değerleri incelendiğinde; turizm harcamalarının yaklaşık %2 azaltılması ve turizm gelirlerinin de yaklaşık %92
artırılması gerektiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Beş yıllık verilerin topluca değerlendirildiği dinamik analiz sonucunda CCR
ve BCC çıktı yönelimli modele göre ABD, Avustralya, İspanya, Lüksemburg, Portekiz, Türkiye, Yeni Zelanda ve
Yunanistan’ın etkin ülkeler olduğu gözlenmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turizm, Ekonomik Etkinlik Analizi, Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA)

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