ABD ve Çin’in Gelişmekte Olan Ülke İkilileri Arasındaki Ticarete Etkileri: Panel Kantil Yerçekimi Modeli

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 33, 53 - 66, 31.10.2021

Semih Karacan

https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.837712

Cited By: 2

Öz

Bu çalışma 58 Dünya Ticaret Örgütü üyesi gelişmekte olan ülkenin değişmekte olan ticaret yapısını Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Çin’in bu ülkeler üzerindeki etkilerini de göz önünde bulundurarak Yerçekimi Modeli yardımıyla 3209 ticari ikilinin 1991 – 2015 yılları arasındaki verilerini kullanarak incelemeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçla ülke çiftlerinin ABD ve Çin’e olan uzaklıklarının bir fonksiyonunun logaritması olan bir değişken, ABD ve Çin’in göreceli dış etkilerini ölçmek amacıyla önerilmektedir. Örneklemdeki ülke çiftlerinin ticari hacimleri önemli ölçüde değiştiğinden Yerçekimi modeli Koenker (2004) tarafından önerilen cezalandırılmış panel kantil sabit etkiler tahminicisi ile tahmin edilmektedir. Olası modelleme hataları panel kantil regresyona uyarlanmış bir Hausman-tipi test yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Bulgular ABD ve Çin’in gelişmekte olan ülke ikilileri üzerinde ticareti, şartlı ikili ticaret dağılımının farklı kantillerinde farklı şekillerde tesir eden etkilerini olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Panel Kantil Regresyon, Yerçekimi Modeli, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Çin, Ticaret Çekişmeleri

Influence of the US and China on the Trade between Developing Country Dyads: Panel Quantile Gravity Model

Öz

This study is aimed to investigate the changing shape of the trade between 58 World Trade Organization member developing countries based on the effects of the US and China by employing the Gravity Model, using data from 3209 trade dyads between 1991 – 2015. For this purpose, a new variable is proposed as the logarithm of a function of the distances of country dyads to the US and China (einf) to measure the relative external influence of the US and China. As the trade volumes of country dyads in the sample change severely, the gravity model is estimated by penalized panel quantile fixed effects estimator proposed by Koenker (2004). Potential model misspecification is investigated with a Hausman-type test adapted for panel quantile regression. Findings suggest that the US and China have trade altering influence on developing country dyads, varying according to different quantiles of the conditional bilateral trade distribution.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Panel Quantile Regression, Gravity Model, United States Of America, China, Trade Conflicts

Kaynakça

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