Kriz Dönemlerinde Ekonomik İyileşme Müdahaleleri: Suriye’de Bağışçı Talepleri ile Gerçek İhtiyaçlar Arasındaki Uyumsuzluğun Ele Alınması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 93 - 105, 31.12.2025

Hasan Halife , Wael Ahmad

Öz

Suriye’de devam eden insani ve ekonomik krizler, milyonlarca Suriyeli için ciddi bir durum yaratmıştır. 2024 yılı sonu itibarıyla, yaklaşık 16,7 milyon kişinin insani yardıma ihtiyaç duyacağı tahmin edilmektedir; bunların %75’ini kadınlar ve çocuklar oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırma, özellikle gıda güvencesi ve geçim kaynaklarının yeniden sağlanması alanlarında, bağışçı öncelikleri ile etkilenen nüfusun gerçek ihtiyaçları arasındaki uyumu incelemektedir. Nicel, anket tabanlı bir yöntem kullanılarak, Suriye’de ekonomik iyileşme çalışmalarına katılan yerel ve uluslararası kuruluşların temsilcilerinden veri toplanmıştır. Anket, mevcut ekonomik iyileşme girişimlerindeki boşlukları ve zorlukları belirlemeye odaklanmış ve yetersiz finansman, bağışçı hedefleri ile yerel gerçekler arasındaki uyumsuzluk ve daha geniş sistemik sorunlar gibi engelleri araştırmıştır.

Bulgular, etkilenen nüfusun ekonomik ihtiyaçları ile bağışçılar tarafından sağlanan destek arasında önemli uyumsuzluklar olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Koruma, gıda güvenliği ve ekonomik iyileşme temel öncelikler olarak tanımlanmasına rağmen, birçok katılımcı mevcut müdahalelerden memnuniyetsizliklerini dile getirmiş; koordinasyon eksikliği, yetersiz finansman ve gerçekçi olmayan bağışçı gereklilikleri başlıca sorunlar olarak belirtilmiştir. Çalışma, ekonomik iyileşmede daha bütünleşik, sürdürülebilir ve topluluk odaklı yaklaşımların gerekliliğini vurgulamakta; müdahalelerin sahadaki gerçek ihtiyaçları etkili bir şekilde karşılayabilmesi için uzun vadeli planlama, yenilikçilik ve bağışçı fonlamasında esnekliğin önemini ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Bu araştırma, kriz ortamlarında ekonomik iyileşme sürecini çevreleyen karmaşıklıkların anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamakta ve Suriye’de insani yardımın etkinliğinin artırılmasına yönelik öneriler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Krizler , Geçim Kaynakları , Ekonomik İyileşme , İnsani Yardım Çalışmaları , Bağışçılar

Economic Recovery interventions in Crisis: Addressing the Mismatch between Donors Demands and Actual Needs in Syria

Öz

The ongoing humanitarian and economic crises in Syria have created a dire situation for millions of Syrians. By the end of 2024, it is estimated that 16.7 million people will need humanitarian aid, with women and children constituting 75% of those affected. This study examines the alignment between donor priorities and the actual needs of affected populations, particularly regarding food insecurity and livelihood restoration. Using a quantitative, survey-based methodology, data were collected from 65 representatives of local and international organizations involved in economic recovery efforts across various regions of Syria between July and November 2024. The survey aimed to identify gaps, challenges, and systemic barriers hindering the effectiveness of current interventions, including insufficient funding, misalignment between donor objectives and local realities, and weak coordination mechanisms.

The findings reveal significant mismatches between the economic needs of affected populations and the support provided by donors. While protection, food security, and economic recovery were identified as key priorities, many respondents reported dissatisfaction with the current interventions, citing a lack of coordination, insufficient funding, and donor requirements that were often unrealistic or poorly adapted to local conditions. The study highlights the need for more integrated, sustainable, and community-driven approaches to economic recovery, emphasizing the importance of long-term planning, innovation, and flexibility in donor funding to ensure that interventions effectively address the real needs on the ground. The research contributes to the understanding of the complexities surrounding economic recovery in crisis settings and offers recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of humanitarian assistance in Syria.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Crises , Economic Recovery , Humanitarian Work , Donors , Livelihoods

Kaynakça

• Al-Basha, Noura. (2024). Economic Stability and Development in Post-War Syria: The Role of International Aid and Local Reconstruction Efforts. Global Review of Economics and Politics.
• Al-Dosouqi, Ayman. (2024). Early Recovery Fund: Hidden Opportunities and Existing Risks. Omran Center for Strategic Studies, Syria.
• Alexander, B. (2021). Syria’s Economic Collapse and Its Impact on the Most Vulnerable. Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Retrieved from https://www.csis.org/syrias-economic-collapse.
• Al-Hamwi, A. (2024). Reconstruction and Recovery in Syria: Challenges and Opportunities in a Post-Conflict Landscape. Syrian Journal of Economics and Development.
• Alkhalil, M., et al. (2022). An Analysis of Humanitarian and Health Aid Alignment Over a Decade (2011–2019) of the Syrian Conflict. Conflict and Health, 16(1), 34-48.
• Al-Saadi, Omar. (2024). Public Policy in Post-Conflict Syria: A Comprehensive Analysis of Development and Reconstruction Strategies. Arabian Journal of Political Science.
• Alsheikh, H. (2021). Syria's Path to Recovery: A Role for Local Development. Journal of Development Studies, 29(4), 214-231.
• Chang, Stephanie E., and Adam Z. Rose. (2012). Towards a Theory of Economic Recovery from Disasters. International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters, 30(2), 171-181.
• European Union. (2023). Syria's Economic Recovery and the Role of International Partnerships. European Commission, Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/info/publications/syrias-economic-recovery-and-role-international-partnerships_en.
• Gobat, J., & Kostial, K. (2016). Syria’s Conflict Economy. IMF Working Paper, Middle East and Central Asia Department, International Monetary Fund, Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2016/wp16199.pdf.
• Hamdan, S. (2024). The Impact of Post-Conflict Recovery Projects on Syrian Society: A Focus on Community Development. Middle East Journal of Development Studies, 2024.
• Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO). (2024). Syria: Humanitarian Needs Overview. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), Available at: https://www.unocha.org/syria.
• Humanitarian Situation Overview (HSOS). (2024). Syria Humanitarian Situation Overview: Northwest Syria Report, April 2024. REACH Initiative and OCHA, Available at: https://www.reach-initiative.org.
• Mahshi, Z. (2024). The Impact of Early Recovery and Reconstruction Projects on Housing, Land, and Property Rights in Syria. Middle East Development Studies Journal, 15(2), 95-110, 2024.
• Raeburn-Gibson, T. (2022). Supporting Self-Recovery in Post-Conflict Situations: A Case Study of Syria. Journal of International Humanitarian Action, 7(1), 11-29, 2022.
• REACH. (2024). Syria Recovery and Livelihoods Overview." REACH Initiative, 2024. Available at: https://www.reach-initiative.org.
• Safar, H. O. (2024). Economic Recovery and Reconstruction Programs After Conflict. Arab Journal of Scientific Publishing, 32(3), 152-169, 2024.
• Talaa, Ma'an, et al. (2019). Economic Recovery in Syria: A Map of Actors and an Evaluation of Current Policies. Omran Center for Strategic Studies, Syria, 2019.
• UNDP. (2013). Crisis-Resilient Development and Recovery from the Syrian Crisis. United Nations Development Programme, 2013. Retrieved from https://www.undp.org/syria/crisis-resilient-development.
• United Nations (UN). (2022). Building Community Resilience to Break the Cycle of Suffering in Syria. UN SDG Website, 2022. Retrieved from https://www.sdg.un.org.
• USAID. (2022). Economic Recovery and Market Systems.USAID Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance, 2022. Retrieved from https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/USAID_Economic_Recovery_Market_Systems_2022.pdf.
• VanRooyen, M. (2023). The Need for Humanitarian Research: Addressing Emerging Challenges in a Complex World. Humanitarian Studies Journal, 12(2), 45-62, 2023.
• World Bank. (2024). Syrian Economic Update: Currency Depreciation and Inflation Post-Earthquake. World Bank Group, 2024. Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/syria.
• World Bank. (2023). The Impact of Humanitarian Aid on Syria’s Recovery: Progress and Challenges. World Bank Group, 2023. Retrieved from https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/report/impact-humanitarian-aid-syria-recovery.