Demokrat Parti Hack Skandalı Bağlamında ABD ve RF'nin Siber Güvenlik Stratejilerinin Analizi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1 - AUİLS | 2017 Özel Sayısı, 1 - 24, 18.08.2017

Ali Burak Darıcılı

Öz

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) ve Rusya Federasyonu (RF), günümüzde siber uzayı domine eden en önemli küresel siber güçlerdir. İki devletin siber güçlerinin sistematiğine ve planlamasına yönelik detayların temelleri ise Soğuk Savaş döneminde ABD ve Sovyet Sosyalist Cumhuriyetleri Birliği (SSCB) arasındaki askeri rekabetin ortaya çıkardığı teknolojik yeniliklere dayanmaktadır.

1990’lı yıllar ile birlikte ağ teknolojilerinin hızla gelişmesi, ayrıca internetin sivilleşerek ticarileşmesi ve yaygınlaşmasının bir sonucu olarak, ABD ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde siber güvenlik stratejilerini hızla geliştirmeye başlamış ve günümüzdeki güçlü siber kapasitesine ulaşmıştır. 2000’li yıllar sonrasında attığı adımlar ile birlikte RF’de, espiyonaj, kontr/espiyonaj, dezenformasyon, elektronik savaş kabiliyetleri, psikolojik savaş ve propaganda, siber saldırı gibi kabiliyetleri de kapsayan etkili bir siber kapasiteye sahip olabilmiştir.

Öte yandan iki devlet arasındaki siber mücadele ise RF’nin, Demokrat Parti Ulusal Komitesi bünyesinde görev alan bazı siyasilerin ve danışmanların e-postalarını siber saldırı yöntemleri ile temin ettiği ve bu e-postalardan bazılarını kamuoyuna sızdırdığı, böylelikle de aktif bir şekilde ABD seçim sürecini kendi ulusal çıkarları doğrultusunda diğer başkan adayı Donald Trump lehine manipüle ettiği iddiaları ile yeni bir boyuta taşınmıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışmamızda literatürde Demokrat Parti hack skandalı olarak tanımlanan olay; ABD ve RF’nin siber güvenlik stratejilerinin tarihsel gelişimi kapsamında taraflar arasında günümüze kadar meydana geldiği karşılıklı olarak iddia edilen siber saldırı vakaları çerçevesinde analiz edilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Rusya Federasyonu, Siber Saldırı, Siber Güvenlik

Analysis of the USA and the RF's Cyber Strategies within the Context of Democratic Party Hacking Scandal

Öz

The United States of America (USA) and the Russian Federation (RF) are the most important global cyber forces that dominate cyber space today. The details of the system and planning of the cyber powers of the two states are based on the technological innovations derived from the military competition between the US and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) during the Cold War.

As a result of the rapid development of networking technologies as well as the commercialization and widespread use of the internet by the 1990s, the USA has rapidly developed national and international cyber security strategies and has reached today's strong cyberspace capacity. In the years after 2000, RF was able to have an effective cyber capacity including espionage, counter/espionage, disinformation, electronic war capabilities, psychological warfare and propaganda and cyber attack.

The cyber struggle between the two states has been moved to a new dimension with assertions that e-mails of some of the politics and consultants involved in RF's National Committee for the Democratic Party were provided by cyber attack methods organized by RF and leaked some of these emails to the public, thus actively manipulating the US electoral process in favor of other presidential candidate Donald Trump in the direction of RF’s national interests. In this context, the event defined as “Democratic Party hacking scandal” in the literature will be analyzed together with the mutually alleged cyber attacks happened between USA and RF within the context of the historical development of the cyber security strategies of two states in our study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

The United States of America, The Russian Federation, Cyber Security, Cyber Attack

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