From Ecological Movement to Political Populism: German Green Party Example

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 13 - 24, 31.12.2018

M.akif Özer Reha Bayansar

Öz

party, also have a tendency to belong to the pressure group and to the political party classification. The first green party in the world was established in New Zealand in 1972. In Europe, the first green party was in operation in 1973 in the United Kingdom under the name of the People's Party. This party changed its name to Green Party in 1987.

The German Green Party, which was examined in this context in the study, was established in 1980. Despite the fact that the Party has a very important place in ecological movement in the world, it has not achieved any expected success in the last elections in the country. In this election, the rate of 9.4% was reached and 61 members was won in the Bundestag which has 631 member in Germany. In recent years, it has been expressed that political wisdom has been removed from the whole structure, functioning and activities of the Party, which can not enter into a rule in the country administration because it can not enter any kind of conqueror after conceding political populism by compromising from basic ecological principles and green politics. In this study, the German Green Party will be examined in detail especially and in recent years Party will be taken away from the basic ecological principles and green politics and the political populism will be evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ecology, Green Policy, German Green Party, Populism, Failure

Ekolojik Hareketten Siyasi Popülizme: Alman Yeşil Parti Örneği

Öz

Ekolojist partiler hem amaçları hem de örgütlenme biçimleri bakımından diğer siyasi partilerden ayrılırlar. Geleneksel siyasi parti tanımına uymayan bu partilerin, baskı grubu ve siyasi parti sınıflandırmasına giren yönleri de bulunmaktadır. Dünyada ilk yeşil parti 1972'de Yeni Zelanda'da kurulmuştur. Avrupa'da ise ilk yeşil parti Halk Partisi adıyla Birleşik Krallıkta 1973 yılında faaliyete geçmiştir. Bu parti 1987'de adını Yeşil Parti olarak değiştirmiştir.

Alman Yeşil Parti 1980 yılında kurulmuştur. Parti dünyada ekolojik hareket içinde çok önemli yeri olmasına rağmen ülkede yapılan son seçimlerde bir türlü beklenen başarıyı elde edememiştir. Bu seçimde %9,4 oy oranına ulaşılmış ve 631 üyeli Almanya'da Federal Meclis'te 61 üyelik kazanılmıştır. Son yıllarda temel ekolojik ilkelerden ve yeşil politikadan ödün verilerek siyasi popülizme kayılması sonucu bir türlü hükümete giremeyerek ülke yönetiminde söz sahibi olamayan Parti’nin tüm yapısında, işleyişinde ve faaliyetlerinde politik bilgelikten uzaklaşıldığı ifade edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Alman Yeşil Parti ayrıntılı incelenecek ve özellikle son yıllarda temel ekolojik ilkelerden ve yeşil politikadan kopup siyasi popülizme sürüklenmesi değerlendirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekoloji, Yeşil Politika, Alman Yeşil Parti, Popülizm, Başarısızlık

Kaynakça

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