İsrail Akut Arı Felci Virüsü’nün Türkiye’de Koloni Kayıplı Arılıklardaki Yaygınlığı

Yıl 2023, , 105 - 114, 19.05.2023

Dilek Muz , Mustafa Necati Muz

https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1265816

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bal arıları bitkisel tozlaşma ve biyoçeşitliliğin devamında vazgeçilmez polinatör böceklerdir. Ayrıca bal, propolis, polen arısütü gibi ürünleriyle tıbbi öneme sahiptirler. Ani arı ölümleri ve koloni çöküş bozukluğu (CCD) koloni sağlığının sürdürülebilirliğini tehdit eder. Bal arısı virüsleri, parazit ve patojenleri koloni kayıplarını ve CCD-benzeri problemleri tetikler. Bu araştırmada 2011- 2021 yılları arasında Türkiye’de farklı eko-coğrafik bölgelerdeki 16 ilde ani arı ölümleri, koloni kayıpları ve CCD yaşanan arılıklarda Israil akut arı felci virüsünün (IAPV) varlığı ve yaygınlığının tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Örnekler patojenlerinin IAPV ile bir arada bulunması açısından test edildi. Örneklenen arılıklar arı patojenlerinden Akut arı felci virüsü, Siyah kraliçe arı virüsü, Kronik arı felci virüsü, Deforme kanat virüsü, Kaşmir arı virüsü, Lake Sinai virüsü, Sakbrood virüs, Varroa akarları ve Nosema sp. yönünden analiz edildi. Arı virüsleri için patojen spesifik RT-PCR testleri kullanıldı. Örneklenen arılıkların %97,5’i en az bir patojen yönünden pozitif bulunurken, IAPV pozitifliği %52,5 olarak tespit edildi. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, koloni kaybı ve CCD-benzeri problemler yaşanan arılıklarda IAPV’nin yaygınlığının önceki raporlara kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. IAPV pozitif arılıklarda farklı türlerdeki virüsler, Nosema sp. ve varroa enfestasyonuna rastlanıldığı tespit edildi. Sonuçlar IAPV ile birlikte çoklu patojen pozitifliğinin koloni kayıplarında etkili olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

IAPV, Bal Arısı Virüsleri, CCD, Koloni Kaybı, Türkiye

ISRAEL ACUTE BEE PARALYSIS VIRUS PREVALENCE IN APIARIES WITH COLONY LOSS IN TÜRKİYE

Öz

Honeybees are indispensable pollinator insects for vegetative pollination and biodiversity. Moreover, they serve medicinal importance with products such as honey, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly. Sudden bee deaths and colony collapse disorder (CCD) threaten the sustainability of colony health. Honeybee viruses, parasites, and pathogens trigger colony losses and CCD. This study investigated the presence and prevalence of Israeli acute bee paralysis virus (IAPV) in apiaries with sudden bee deaths, colony losses, and CCD-like problems in 16 provinces in different eco-geographic regions of Türkiye between 2011- 2021. Samples were tested for the coexistence of honeybee pathogens with IAPV. The sampled apiaries were evaluated for other bee pathogens such as Acute bee paralysis virus, Black queen bee virus, Chronic bee paralysis virus, Deformed wing virus, Kashmir bee virus, Lake Sinai virus, Sacbrood virus, Varroa mites, and Nosema sp. analyzed. Pathogen-specific RT-PCR assay was used for bee viruses. IAPV positivity was found to be 52.5% in apiaries. 97.5% of the sampled apiaries were positive for at least one pathogen. According to the results of this study, the presence of IAPV in apiaries suffering from colony loss and CCD-like problems was higher than in previous reports, and viruses of different species, Nosema sp., and varroa infestation were found to be frequently encountered. The results suggest that the coexistence of IAPV and multiple pathogens may be effective in colony losses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

IAPV, Honeybee Viruses, CCD, Colony Losses, Türkiye

Kaynakça

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