IN VITRO SPERMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN DRONES

Yıl 2023, , 268 - 279, 19.11.2023

Abdulkadir Kaya , Ongun Uysal

https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1279779

Öz

Honey bees are an indispensable element of the ecosystem, as they provide an important part of plant pollination beyond food production. The queen bee, which forms the core of the bee colony, is at the center of bee production in the beekeeping sector. Undoubtedly, the production of high-quality queen bees primarily depends on suitable drones and therefore, quality sperm. In addition, artificial insemination of queen bees is a successful production method, as in other species, due to its superior characteristics compared to natural mating. In many apiaries and research centers, artificial insemination is used routinely for queen production. One of the advantages of this method is that the sperm can be preserved for the short or long term. In this respect, it is very effective in protecting genetic resources, preventing bee diseases and facilitating bee transportation. Today, spermatological studies and parameters used in drones are very few compared to other species. With the increasing importance given to the subject in recent years, many spermatological parameters have started to be used in honey bees. However, the morphological and physiological differences of drone semen require the development and standardization of these parameters with further studies. In this review, the spermatological parameters used in drone semen, together with the working principles and materials used, were examined in general terms and presented to the readers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Beekeeping, Artificial insemination, Drone, Honey bee, Sperm

Bal Arılarında İn Vitro Spermatolojik Parametreler

Öz

Bal arıları, gıda üretiminin ötesinde bitki tozlaşmasının önemli bir bölümünü sağladıkları için ekosistemin vazgeçilmez bir unsurudur. Arı kolonisinin çekirdeğini oluşturan ana arı, arıcılık sektöründe arı üretiminin merkezinde yer almaktadır. Kuşkusuz kaliteli ana arı üretimi öncelikle uygun erkek arılara ve dolayısıyla kaliteli spermaya bağlıdır. Ayrıca suni tohumlama doğal çiftleşmeye göre üstün özellikleri nedeniyle diğer türlerde olduğu gibi başarılı bir üretim yöntemidir. Birçok arıcılık işletmesinde ve araştırma merkezinde ana arı üretimi için suni tohumlama rutin olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu yöntemin avantajlarından biri de spermanın kısa ya da uzun süreli saklanabilmesidir. Bu yönüyle genetik kaynakların korunmasında, arı hastalıklarının önlenmesinde ve arı taşımacılığının kolaylaştırılmasında oldukça etkilidir. Günümüzde erkek arılarda kullanılan spermatolojik çalışmalar ve uygulanan parametreler diğer türlere göre çok azdır. Son yıllarda konuya verilen önemin artmasıyla bal arılarında birçok spermatolojik parametre kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Ancak erkek arı spermasının morfolojik ve fizyolojik farklılıkları, bu parametrelerin ileri çalışmalarla geliştirilmesini ve standardize edilmesini gerektirmektedir. Bu derlemede erkek arı spermasında kullanılan spermatolojik parametreler, çalışma prensipleri ve kullanılan materyaller genel hatlarıyla incelenmiş ve okuyucuların beğenisine sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arıcılık, Bal Arısı, Erkek Arı, Suni Tohumlama, Sperma

Kaynakça

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