Saha Koşullarında Ayçiçeği Böcek Tozlaştırıcılarının Çeşitliliği ve Yayılma Davranışı

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 14 - 27, 28.05.2018

Munir Ahmad

https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.427584

Cited By: 2

Öz

Bu çalışma Pakistan, Rawalpindi Arid Tarım Üniversitesinde araştırma çiftliğinde
yapılmıştır.Çalışmada Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) bitkisinde tozlaştırıcıların, Apis ve Apis
cinsine bağlı olmayan arıların farklı davranış, faaliyet ve tozlaşma üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması ve
keşfedilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Burada sözkonusu böcek topluluğu 18 tür olarak 7 aileye ve üç takıma
aittir.Apis mellifera ve Xylocopa fenestrate günün erken saatlerinde %44 ve %14 azami faaliyet
gösteren ve en sık görülen ziyaretçilerdir. Gün ortasında ziyaret sıklığı önemli olmazken bu iki türün
erken ve geç saatlerde ziyaret sıklığı önemli derecede değişmektedir. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda
ziyaret seviyesine ve bir çiçek tablasında geçen zamanıda kapsamaktadır. Tüm bu bulgular kendine
tozlaşma ile karşılaştırıldığında tabla çapını, tabladaki toplam tohum sayısı, dolu tohumlar,
tohumların dolgunluk yüzdesi ve tohum ağırlığının önemli derecede artmasına katkı sağlamıştır.
Ticari olarak çalışan arıcıların arılarının yanı sıra yabanı tozlaştırıcıların varlığı verimin ve gen
havuzunun çapraz tozlaşma ile karışması sonucu iyi tohum potansiyelinin artmasına yardımcı
olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tarımsal üretim, Çeşitlilik, Yayılmacı, Böcek tozlaştırıcılar, Ayçiçeği, Arılar

DIVERSITY OF SUNFLOWER INSECT POLLINATORS AND THEIR FORAGING BEHAVIOR UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Öz

To discover the pollinator community of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and different aspects of
behavior, activity and pollination effect of Apis and non Apis bees, an experiment was performed at
the research farm of Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The insect pollinator
community was composed of eighteen species belonging to seven families and three insect orders.
Apis mellifera and Xylocopa fenestrata were the most frequent visitors comprising 44% and 14%
with maximum activity observed during early day hours.Visitation frequency of these two
pollinators significantly varied at early and late observation times with no significant differences
observed during the mid-day. The study also covered other aspects including visitation rate and
duration of a single visit on flower heads. These also contributed significantly in increase of head
diameter, total number of seeds per head, filled seeds, seed filling percentage and seed weight
when compared with self-pollination.Presence of wild pollinators with commercial bee keepers can
help in increase of crop yields and their good seed potential due to improvement of crossing of
gene pool. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Crop yield, Diversity, Foraging, Insect pollinators, Sunflower, Bees

Kaynakça

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