Sağlık Alanındaki Ön Lisans Öğrencilerinde İş Bulma Kaygısı: Demografik Faktörlerin Rolü

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, sağlık alanında öğrenim gören ön lisans öğrencilerinin iş bulma kaygısı düzeylerini incelemek ve bu düzeylerin demografik değişkenlere göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini belirlemektir. Sağlık alanında ön lisans eğitimi alan 340 öğrenciye anket uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS yazılımı kullanılarak tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve fark analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular, öğrencilerin yüksek düzeyde iş bulma kaygısı yaşadığını ortaya koymuştur. Öğrencilerin iş bulma kaygı düzeyleri cinsiyet, gelir düzeyi ve ikamet yerine göre önemli ölçüde farklılık göstermiş; sınıf düzeyi ve yaş değişkenlerinde anlamlı bir farklılık gözlenmemiştir. Ayrıca iş bulma kaygısının alt boyutları arasındaki tüm ilişkilerin pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sağlık alanında ön lisans eğitimi alan öğrencilerin gelecekteki istihdam beklentileri konusunda yaşadıkları kaygı hem bireysel faktörlerden hem de sosyo-ekonomik faktörlerden etkilenmektedir. Çalışma, sağlık öğrencileri için kariyer danışmanlığı ve psikososyal destek mekanizmalarına duyulan ihtiyacın altını çizmektedir. Ayrıca, geleceğin sağlık çalışanlarının ihtiyaçlarına göre uyarlanmış istihdam politikalarının önemine dikkat çekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İş Bulma
• Kaygı
• Kariyer
• Ön lisans Öğrencileri
• Sağlık

Etik Beyan

Etik Kurul Kararı ek dosyalara eklenmiştir.

Job-Finding Anxiety Among Associate Degree Health Students: The Role of Demographic Factors

Öz

The primary objective of this study is to examine the levels of job-finding anxiety among associate degree students enrolled in healthcare programs and to determine whether these levels differ according to demographic variables. A survey was administered to 340 associate degree students in the field of health. Descriptive statistics and difference analyses were performed using SPSS software in the analysis of the data. The findings revealed that students experience high levels of job-finding anxiety. Significant differences in anxiety levels were observed based on gender, income level, and place of residence, whereas no meaningful differences were found in relation to grade level or age. Furthermore, all relationships among the sub-dimensions of job-finding anxiety were positive and statistically significant. The anxiety experienced by associate degree students in healthcare programs regarding their future employment prospects is influenced by both individual and socio-economic factors. The study highlights the need for career counseling and psychosocial support mechanisms for health students. It also draws attention to the importance of employment policies tailored to the needs of future healthcare professionals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Job Finding
• Anxiety
• Career
• Associate Degree Students
• Health

Etik Beyan

The Ethics Committee Approval has been added to the supplementary files.

Kaynakça

1. Alexander, S. L., Skues, J., Wise, L., & Sharp, J. (2025). An investigation of occupational awareness, career adaptability and career anxiety amongst tertiary education students: testing a moderation model. Education+ Training, 67(10), 40-55. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-11-2023-0471
2. Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1984). The effect of sampling error on convergence, improper solutions, and goodness- of-fit indices for maximum likelihood confirmatory factor analysis. Psychometrika, 49(2), 155-173.
3. Balcı, A. İ. (2025). The analysis of youth unemployment in Türkiye under the impact of COVID-19 with the framework of unemployment hysteresis and the natural rate of unemployment. Ömer Halisdemir University Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, 18(1), 411-430. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.1560055
4. Boğazlıyan, E. E., & Avşaroğlu, S. (2024). Üniversite Öğrencileri İçin İş Bulma Kaygısı (İstihdam Kaygısı) Ölçeği Geliştirme; Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Pedagogical Perspective, 3(1), 90-111.https://doi.org/10.29329/pedper.2024.51
5. Bozgeyikli, H., Görgülü, Z., & Boğazlıyan, E. E. (2024). "Not joblessness but a job I dislike scares me": Exploring Employment Anxiety. Ahmet Keleşoğlu Journal of Faculty of Education, 6(1), 16-29. https://doi.org/10.38151/akef.2024.127
6. Bozkur, B., Kıran, B., & Cengiz, Ö. (2020). Üniversite öğrencilerinin umutsuzluk, belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük, gelecekte iş bulmaya yönelik algı ve öz-yeterliklerinin incelenmesi. Kastamonu Education Journal, 28(6), 2401-2409. https://doi: 10.24106/kefdergi.702233
7. Churchill, B., & Khan, C. (2021). Youth underemployment: A review of research on young people and the problems of less(er) employment in an era of mass education. Sociology Compass, 15(10), e12921. https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12921
8. Dhakal, S. P., Connell, J., & Burgess, J. (2018). Inclusion and work: Addressing the global challenges for youth employment. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 37(2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.1108/edi-12-2017-0290

9. Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. Sage Publications.
10. Finnemann, A., Skjerdingstad, N., Speyer, L. G., Zavlis, O., Bartoš, F., Wiers, R., ... & Ebrahimi, O. V. (2025). Urban-rural differences in anxiety and depression in the UK, New Zealand, and Norway. Journal of Affective Disorders, 119601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119601
11. Gander, F., Hofmann, J. & Ruch, W. (2021). From Unemployment to Employment and Back: Professional Trajectories and Well-Being. Applied Research Quality Life 16, 739–751 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-019-09797-y
12. Gokal, H., Isman, A., & Usta, D. A. (2026) examınıng the relatıonshıp between aı attıtudes and job-seekıng anxıety ın ıt students completıng programmıng courses through dıstance learnıng. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 27(3), 118-134.
13. Gürbüz, S., & Şahin, F. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri felsefe – yöntem – analiz. Seçkin Yayıncılık. Haikkola, L., Laine, R., & Pitkänen, T. (2023). Young People and Subjective Employment Insecurity: Evidence from the Finnish Youth Barometer
14. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2013). Multivariate Data Analysis: Pearson Education Limited.
15. Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., & Mullen, M. R. (2008). Structural equation modelling: Guidelines for determining model fit. Electronic journal of business research methods, 6(1), 53-60.
16. Kara, Y. L. (2023, Eylül 8–10). Türkiye’deki gençlerin işsizlik kaygılarının genel görünümü [Özet bildiri]. 22. Çalışma Ekonomisi ve Endüstri İlişkileri Kongresi Özet Bildiri Kitabı (ss. 131–132), Balıkesir, Türkiye.
17. Kıçır, B. (2017). Eğitimli genç işsizliği üzerinden işsizlik kaygısına bir bakış. Çalışma ve Toplum, 3(54), 1369-1396.
18. Kıllı, M., & Yumuşaker, M. C. (2021). muhasebe eğitimi alan önlisans öğrencilerinin muhasebe derslerine yönelik tutumlarının ve iş bulma kaygılarının incelenmesi: muhasebe ve vergi uygulamaları programı öğrencileri üzerinde bir araştırma. Fiscaoeconomia, 5(2), 722-755. https://doi.org/10.25295/fsecon.876613
19. Kim, J., Oh, J., & Rajaguru, V. (2022, February). Job-seeking anxiety and job preparation behavior of undergraduate students. In Healthcare (Vol. 10, No. 2, p. 288). MDPI.
20. Koç, Ö. E., Bayramoğlu, G., & Koç, N. (2024). Genç nüfusta işsizlik kaygısı üzerine bir saha araştırması. Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(3), 73-92. https://doi.org/10.18026/cbayarsos.1466759
21. Kwak, Y., Kim, Y., & Chae, H. (2025). Job search anxiety and flourishing among university students: the serial mediating effects of social support and strengths use. BMC psychology, 13(1), 652. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02995-4
22. Liang, J., Ng, G. T., Tsui, M. S., Yan, M. C., & Lam, C. M. (2017). Youth unemployment: Implications for social work practice. Journal of Social Work, 17(5), 560–578. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468017316649357
23. Meydan, H. & Şeşen, H. (2011). Structural equation modeling amos applications. Detay Publishing.
24. Mi-Jung, B. (2023). The Effects of Employment Expectation and Job Search Burnout on Job Seeking Anxiety in University Students. Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information, 28(3), 127-135. DOI: http://doi.org/10.9708/jksci.2023.28.03.127
25. Miles, M. M., Szwedo, D. E., & Allen, J. P. (2018). Learning to cope with anxiety: Long-term links from adolescence to adult career satisfaction. Journal of Adolescence, 64, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.01.003
26. Moore, K. (2019). Jobactive and young job seekers: Strengths, limitations, and suggested improvements to current practices. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 78(4), 530–545. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8500.12385
27. Moore, K. (2021). Critical factors that influence a young person's journey towards sustainable employment. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 21, 329–354. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-020-09444-
28. Rainsford, E., Maloney, W. A., & Popa, S. A. (2019). The impact of unemployment and low-quality work conditions on work values: Exploring the experiences of young Europeans. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 682(1), 172–185. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716219830378
29. Ralph, A., & Arora, A. (2023). A bibliometric study of reference literature on youth unemployment. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 17(6), 1338–1367. https://doi.org/10.1108/jec-04-2022-0062
30. Scheffé, H. (1953). A method for judging all contrasts in the analysis of variance. Biometrika, 40(1-2), 87-110. Scholarios, D., & Okay-Somerville, B. (2017, May). Job search anxiety and perceived barriers to labour market entry. In European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology Conference.
31. Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2004). A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling. Psychology Press.
32. Shin, J. Y. (2019). "Will I find a job when I graduate?": Employment anxiety, self-compassion, and life satisfaction among South Korean college students. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 19, 239-256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-018-9378-1
33. Surat, A., & Ceran, D. (2020). Üniversite öğrencilerinin işsizlik kaygısı. ISPEC International Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 4(3), 145-166.
34. Sümer, N. (2000). Structural equation models: Basic concepts and sample applications. Turkish Psychology Articles. 3(6), 49-74.
35. Teng, W., Ma, C., Pahlevansharif, S., & Turner, J. J. (2019). Graduate readiness for the employment market of the 4th industrial revolution: The development of soft employability skills. Education+ Training, 61(5), 590-604. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-07-2018-0154
36. Tomlinson, M. (2017). Forms of graduate capital and their relationship to graduate employability. Education+ Training, 59(4), 338-352.https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-05-2016-0090
37. United Nations (2004). World Youth Report 2003: The global situation of young people. In United Nations, New York, NY, available at: www.un.org/esa/socdev/unyin/documents/worldyouthreport.pdf
38. Vine, M., Stoep, A. V., Bell, J., Rhew, I. C., Gudmundsen, G., & McCauley, E. (2012). Associations between household and neighborhood income and anxiety symptoms in young adolescents. Depression and anxiety, 29(9), 824-832. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.21948
39. Wesseling, W. I. E. (2021). Towards a more all‐inclusive evaluation of interventions for unemployed youth: A longitudinal investigation of participant, programme, relational and contextual factors. Social Policy & Administration, 55(7), 1145-1161. https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12705
40. Yasar, O. M., & Turgut, M. (2020). Unemployment Anxiety of Last Year College Students. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 15(1), 56-64.
41. Yeresyan, I., & Lohaus, A. (2014). Stress and wellbeing among Turkish and German adolescents living in rural and urban areas. Rural and remote health, 14(3), 107-119.
42. Yenilmez, D. T., & Akman, A. Z. (2023). Beş faktör kişilik özelliklerinin iş bulma kaygisi üzerindeki etkisi: Önlisans öğrencileri üzerine bir araştirma. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 146-164