Öz
When education systems and history education are scrutinized, it is quite easy to notice the intervention of power in chronologically presented historical facts and massages that are conveyed through this information, which can be exemplified with many solid examples. As expected, alternative arguments are often constructed by sides that can be considered as opposition against this involvement of power. These contrasting opinions have myriad of points of origin according to which ideology they are based on, such as but not limited to liberalism, conservatism and socialism. This research examines historical meanings that were attributed by growing neo-conservatism in the United States after 1980, along with history education and history perception of Lynne Cheney who defended neo-conservatism. Thus, by profoundly portraying the education system of the United States, a country that stands among others as a modern state, we would be able compare the American system with its counterparts. While we write about how history education in a particular country can be subjected to various discussions and political conflicts, we will shed light to the fact that education, especially history education, does not only have educational purposes.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Neo-conservatism the United States History Education Lynne Cheney
Kaynakça
- A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform. A Report to the Nation and the Secretary of Education United States Department of Education by The National Commission on Excellence in Education ,April 19 Apple, Michael W. Ideology and Curriculum 2nd Ed. New York, NY: Routledge, 1990. Casburn, Steve. Lynne Cheney in Culture Wars. Final Paper. 1996. Cheney, Lynne. A Time for Freedom: What Happened When in America. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 2005. Cheney, Lynne. American Conversation Allen Weinstein. 30 Kasım 200 Cheney, Lynne. Telling the Truth; Why Our Culture and Our Country Have Stopped Making Sense and What We Can Do About It. New York,Simon and Schuster,1996. Claes, Ryn. The Ideology of American Empire. Summer 2003. Orbis. Farmer, Brian. American Conservatism: History, Theory, and Practice. Newcastle, UK: Cambridge Scholars Press, 2005. Finn, C. E., Jr. National Standards: A Plan for Consensus. Teachers College Record, 91 (1) 1998. Hollindale, Peter. Ideology and the Children's Book. Literature for Children: Contemporary Criticism ,1992. Huntington, P. Samuel.,Conservatism as Ideology, The American Political Science Review, Vol. 51, No. 2 (Jun., 1957). Hyde, Michael J. The Rhetor as Hero and the Pursuit of Truth: THe Case of 9/ Rhetoric and Public Affairs Vol 8. 2005. Jonathan Zimmerman, Whose America? Culture Wars in the Public Schools, Harvard University Press,2002. Laclau, Ernesto, Judith Butler ve Slavoj Zizek. Contingency, Hegemony, Universality: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left. New York, NY: Verso, 2000. Lampert, Jo. Children's Fiction About 9/11: Ethnic, Heroic and National Identities. New York, NY: Routledge, 2010. Linda Symcox, Whose History? The Struggle for National Standards in American Classrooms, New York: Teachers College Press, 2002. Marcuse, Herbert. One Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Indsustrial Society. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 1991. McGee, Michael Calvin. The 'Ideograph': A Link Between Rhetoric and Ideology. Burgchardt, Carl R. Readings in Rhetorical Criticism 2nd ed. State College, PA: Strata Publishing, 2000.
- Miller, Samuel. History in the Making: The Impact of Ideology in Lynne Cheney's Children's Book. Thesis. 2010. Siebenthaler, Donna J. Letting Teachers Speak: The National History Standards Project and Its Consequences. Tez. Auburn, Alabama: Auburn University, 2008. Small, Robin. Marx and Education. Burlington, VT: Ahsgate Publishing Limited, 2005. Smith, Kevin B. The Ideology of Education: The Commonwealth, the Market, and America’s Schools. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. 2003. Ulanowicz, Anastasia. Preemptive Education: Lynne Cheney's America: A Patriotic Primer and the Ends of History. Children's Literature Association Quarterly Kış 2008. Weiner, Jon. Hard to Muzzle - The Return of Lynne Cheney. The Nation 2 October 2000
Öz
Modern anlamda eğitim sistemlerine ve tarih eğitimine bakıldığında, kronolojik bir süreç halinde sunulan tarihi bilgiler ve bu bilgiler ışığında verilmeye çalışılan mesajların hemen hemen hepsinde iktidarın müdahalelerini hissetmek, hatta bu müdahalelerin somut örneklerle planını ortaya koymak mümkündür. Tabii iktidarın bu anlayışına karşılık her zaman muhalif diyebileceğimiz düşünce alternatifleri de oluşmuştur. Bu alternatifler çıkış noktaları itibariyle liberal, muhafazakâr, sosyalist vb. ideolojilerin merkeze alındığı çeşitlilik gösteren niteliklere sahiptirler.Bu yazıda 1980 sonrası Amerika’da, güçlenen neo- muhafazakarlığın tarih eğitimine yüklediği anlamlar ve bu düşüncenin savunuculuğunu yapmış olan Lynne Cheney’in tarih ve tarih eğitimine yaklaşımı incelenecektir.Bu vesile ile Amerika’daki tarih eğitimini anlatırken bir taraftan gelişmiş ülke modellerinin başında gelen Amerika örneği ile karşılaştırma yapma şansını bulmuş olacağız. Diğer taraftan da dünyanın herhangi bir ülkesinde okullarda tarih eğitiminin nasıl tartışmalar ve siyasal kavgalara konu olabileceğini, genelde eğitimin, özelde tarih eğitiminin, yalnızca eğitim olmadığını gözler önüne sermiş olacağız.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform. A Report to the Nation and the Secretary of Education United States Department of Education by The National Commission on Excellence in Education ,April 19 Apple, Michael W. Ideology and Curriculum 2nd Ed. New York, NY: Routledge, 1990. Casburn, Steve. Lynne Cheney in Culture Wars. Final Paper. 1996. Cheney, Lynne. A Time for Freedom: What Happened When in America. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 2005. Cheney, Lynne. American Conversation Allen Weinstein. 30 Kasım 200 Cheney, Lynne. Telling the Truth; Why Our Culture and Our Country Have Stopped Making Sense and What We Can Do About It. New York,Simon and Schuster,1996. Claes, Ryn. The Ideology of American Empire. Summer 2003. Orbis. Farmer, Brian. American Conservatism: History, Theory, and Practice. Newcastle, UK: Cambridge Scholars Press, 2005. Finn, C. E., Jr. National Standards: A Plan for Consensus. Teachers College Record, 91 (1) 1998. Hollindale, Peter. Ideology and the Children's Book. Literature for Children: Contemporary Criticism ,1992. Huntington, P. Samuel.,Conservatism as Ideology, The American Political Science Review, Vol. 51, No. 2 (Jun., 1957). Hyde, Michael J. The Rhetor as Hero and the Pursuit of Truth: THe Case of 9/ Rhetoric and Public Affairs Vol 8. 2005. Jonathan Zimmerman, Whose America? Culture Wars in the Public Schools, Harvard University Press,2002. Laclau, Ernesto, Judith Butler ve Slavoj Zizek. Contingency, Hegemony, Universality: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left. New York, NY: Verso, 2000. Lampert, Jo. Children's Fiction About 9/11: Ethnic, Heroic and National Identities. New York, NY: Routledge, 2010. Linda Symcox, Whose History? The Struggle for National Standards in American Classrooms, New York: Teachers College Press, 2002. Marcuse, Herbert. One Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Indsustrial Society. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 1991. McGee, Michael Calvin. The 'Ideograph': A Link Between Rhetoric and Ideology. Burgchardt, Carl R. Readings in Rhetorical Criticism 2nd ed. State College, PA: Strata Publishing, 2000.
- Miller, Samuel. History in the Making: The Impact of Ideology in Lynne Cheney's Children's Book. Thesis. 2010. Siebenthaler, Donna J. Letting Teachers Speak: The National History Standards Project and Its Consequences. Tez. Auburn, Alabama: Auburn University, 2008. Small, Robin. Marx and Education. Burlington, VT: Ahsgate Publishing Limited, 2005. Smith, Kevin B. The Ideology of Education: The Commonwealth, the Market, and America’s Schools. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. 2003. Ulanowicz, Anastasia. Preemptive Education: Lynne Cheney's America: A Patriotic Primer and the Ends of History. Children's Literature Association Quarterly Kış 2008. Weiner, Jon. Hard to Muzzle - The Return of Lynne Cheney. The Nation 2 October 2000
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Aralık 2013 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2014 Cilt: 2014 Sayı: XVII |