Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Russian and Central Asian Views on China’s Belt & Road Initiative

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 135 - 148, 04.05.2020
https://doi.org/10.31454/usb.722094

Öz

In this article, we review and discuss Russian and Central Asian views on China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). BRI is considered to be a panacea for multiple problems of China such as the Xinjiang issue, economic slowdown, excess capacity etc. In this context, Chinese principle of non-interference is increasingly questioned as it is hard to separate economical, geopolitical and security dimensions. Russian influence over Central Asia is expected to wane due to BRI projects which may cause Sino-Russian conflicts. On the other hand, Russian isolation after the Ukrainian crisis makes Russia to consider BRI in amicable terms.
Central Asian official views on BRI are mostly positive, although local peoples’ objections involving social and environmental impacts are noteworthy. Since the region is landlocked, the prospects are high. However, rather than earning transit revenues only, the regional states are in expectation of Chinese investments in other business areas. Central Asia is far from the goal of regional integration. Border disputes, water scarcity, intra-regional mistrust etc. are divisive enough to prevent the region to act in a coordinated manner with regard to BRI. China, on this occasion, appears to be the major force to integrate the region.

Kaynakça

  • Avcu, S. A. (2016). Overlapping integration processes in Central Asia: Eurasian Economic Union and Silk Road Economic Belt. IV ЕВРАЗИЯ ГУМАНИТАРДЫК ИЛИМДЕР ФОРУМУ «Байыртан бери «Жибек Жолу» тҥшҥнҥгҥ: Көз караштар жана жаңы изденҥҥлөр» Бишкек, 21-22 апрель 2016, 122-124.
  • Baichorov, A. M. (2016). China strategy in Central Asia in the belt and road initiative context. Міжнародний науковий журнал, 6 (3), 76-78.
  • Baoyi (2017). Central Asian Countries and the Silk Road Economic Belt. In China’s Belt and Road Initiatives and Its Neighboring Diplomacy (203-219). Retrieved from https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/9789813140219_0010
  • Birdişli, F. & Ağır, O. (2016). Security problems of the Silk Road Belt in the context of Kırghız and Uzbek Dispute. IV ЕВРАЗИЯ ГУМАНИТАРДЫК ИЛИМДЕР ФОРУМУ «Байыртан бери «Жибек Жолу» тҥшҥнҥгҥ: Көз караштар жана жаңы изденҥҥлөр» Бишкек, 21-22 апрель 2016, 183-191.
  • Buranelli, F. C. (2018). One belt, one road and Central Asia: challenges and opportunities. In Y. Cheng, L. Song, & L. Huang (Eds.). The Belt & Road Initiative in the Global Arena (207-230). Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Christoffersen, G. (2016). The Russian Far East and Heilongjiang in China’s Silk Road Economic Belt. China Policy Institute: Analysis, April, 25. Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/download/45735542/Christoffersen_-Russ_Far_East___Heilongjiang_in_Chinas_SREB_-april_2016.pdf
  • Chunsheng, L. (2018). People to people bond: A booster to the Construction of BRI. CGTN, September 6 2018. Retrieved from https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d414d3241444d7a457a6333566d54/share_p.html
  • Ерохин, В. Л. (2017). Trade between China and the countries of Central and North Asia: Dynamics, structure, and major tendencies. In Сотрудничество Китая и России в рамках инициативы «Один пояс, один путь» (114-129). Retrieved from https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29881439
  • Fan, L. (2019). Understanding the BRI through ‘five connectivities’. CGTN, April 20 2019. Retrieved from https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d674d334d544d34457a6333566d54/index.html
  • Fels, E. (2018). The Geopolitical Significance of Sino-Russian Cooperation in Central Asia for the Belt and Road Initiative. In Rethinking the Silk Road (247-267). Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Fiedler, R. (2018). Central Asia on the way of One Belt, One Road-implications for the European Union. Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej, 12, 255-266.
  • Gabuev, A. (2016). Crouching bear, hidden dragon:“One Belt one Road” and Chinese-Russian jostling for power in Central Asia. Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies, 5(2), 61-78.
  • Gabuev, A., & Zuenko, I. The “Belt and Road” in Russia: Evolution of Expert Discourse. doi: 10.31278/1810-6374-2018-16-4-142-163. Retrieved from https://eng.globalaffairs.ru/media/pdf/19915.pdf
  • Gao, L. (2016). The Belt and Road Implementation and Effects of Logistics on Japan. Retrieved from http://reposit.sun.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/10561/1191/1/v8p201_gao.pdf
  • Gezgin, U.B. (2018). Psychology and Human Rights: Codes of Conduct and Common Themes. Eurasian Journal of Anthropology, 9(1), 18-28.
  • Gómez Martos, F. (2017). China’s “One Belt, One Road Initiative”: challenges and requirements for its successful implementation in Central Asia. doi: 10.14746/pp.2017.22.3.10 Retrieved from http://repozytorium.amu.edu.pl:8080/bitstream/10593/22094/1/Francisco%20Gomez%20Martos%2C%20China%E2%80%99s%20%E2%80%9COne%20Belt%2C%20One%20Road%20Initiative%E2%80%9D.pdf
  • Hongzhou, Z., & Guschin, A. (2015). China’s Silk Road Economic Belt: Geopolitical Challenges in Central Asia. RSIS Commentary, 99, 1-3.
  • Imomnazar, I. (2018). Impact of «One Belt, One Road» initiatives to the economy of Central Asian countries. International Journal of Business and Economic Development (IJBED), 6(2), 29-36.
  • Izimov, R., & Muratalieva, Z. (2018). The Central Asian Track of the One Belt One Road Initiative: Opportunities and risks. International Organisations Research Journal, 13(3), 128-142.
  • Lee, E. (2018). The Belt and Road Initiative: Impact on Trade Patterns Between China and Central Asia. East Asian Community Review, 1(3-4), 185-198.
  • Li, J. (2019, September). Research on the Risk of China's Direct Investment in Five Central Asian Countries Against the Background of" the Belt and Road Initiative". In The 4th International Conference on Economy, Judicature, Administration and Humanitarian Projects (JAHP 2019). Atlantis Press. Retrieved from https://download.atlantis-press.com/article/125917573.pdf
  • Lin, L. (2018, January). The Construction of China-Russia-Mongolia Free Trade Area Under'the Belt and Road'—Studies Based on SWOT Analysis. In 2017 7th International Conference on Social science and Education Research (SSER2017). Atlantis Press. Retrieved from https://download.atlantis-press.com/article/25889229.pdf
  • Lukonin, S., Kanaev, E., & Efremova, A. (2019). Southeast Asia as a Prospective Area of China-Russia Cooperation: the Belt and Road Initiative Opportunity. Россия и АТР, (3 (105)). Retrieved from https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/southeast-asia-as-a-prospective-area-of-china-russia-cooperation-the-belt-and-road-initiative-opportunity
  • Manurung, H. (2019). Russia-China strategic partnership in the Indo-Pacific region: Synergizing greater Eurasia with Belt and Road Initiative, 2016-2018. Jurnal Asia Pacific Studies, 3(1), 25-42.
  • Martens, P. (2018). The political economy of water insecurity in Central Asia given the Belt and Road initiative. Central Asian Journal of Water Research (CAJWR) Центральноазиатский журнал исследований водных ресурсов, 4(1), 79-94.
  • Mirzaev, D. & Arynbek, A. (2016). The Great Silk Road as an instrument of integration: Historical retrospective and its contemporary construction. IV ЕВРАЗИЯ ГУМАНИТАРДЫК ИЛИМДЕР ФОРУМУ «Байыртан бери «Жибек Жолу» тҥшҥнҥгҥ: Көз караштар жана жаңы изденҥҥлөр» Бишкек, 21-22 апрель 2016, 192-197.
  • Na-Xi, L., Meng-Fang, H., & Shan-Bing, L. (2019). How the Belt and Road Initiative Can Help Strengthen the Role of the SCO and Deepen China’s Cooperation with Russia and the Countries of Central Asia. India Quarterly, 75(1), 56-68.
  • Omonkulov, O., & Baba, G. (2019). Regional integration via major powers: Russian Eurasian Economic Union versus Chinese Silk Road Economic Belt versus American New Silk Road project. COMU International Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 1-28.
  • Pantucci, R. (2019). China in Central Asia: The First Strand of the Silk Road Economic Belt. Asian Affairs, 50(2), 202-2015. doi: 10.1080/03068374.2019.1622930
  • Pantucci, R. & Lain, S. (2016). IV. Perception Problems of the Belt and Road Initiative from Central Asia, Whitehall Papers, 88(1), 47-55. doi: 10.1080/02681307.2016.1274608
  • Pietrobon, E. (2019). The Belt and Road Initiative and the Xi Jinping's dream for a Chinese-centered Eurasia: a perspective from the United States and Russia. Geopolitical Report, 25. Retrieved from http://www.asrie.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Geopolitical-Report-Volume-1_2019-Belt-and-Road-Initiative.pdf
  • Pomfret, R. (2017). Central Asia, Global Value Chains, And China's Silk Road Economic Belt Initiative. In J.-P. Larçon (ed.). The New Silk Road: China meets Europe in the Baltic Sea Region (133-156). Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Company.
  • Ravitsky, M. (2018). Jumping onto the Train? How Russian Media Cover China’s Belt and Road Initiative. Asian Politics & Policy, 10(3), 564-570.
  • Reeves, J. (2018). China’s Silk Road Economic Belt Initiative: Network and Influence Formation in Central Asia. Journal of Contemporary China, 27(112), 502-518.
  • Smirnova, L. (2017). Perception of China’s “One Belt, One Road” in Russia:“united Eurasia” dream or “iron circle” of containment?. 21st Century, 1(20), 106-125.
  • Sui, G., & Xiaozhong, Y. (2017). Strategy of Xinjiang-Central Asia Energy Cooperation in Silk Road Economic Belt. China Oil and Gas, 24(4), 29-33.
  • Tido, A. (2018). One Belt, One Road initiative and China-Russia relations–deep partnership or tactical alliance?. Polish Journal of Political Science, 4(1), 31-46.
  • Tolipov, F. (2018). One belt, one road in Central Asia: Progress, challenges, and implications. In A. Arduino & X. Gong (ed.). Securing the Belt and Road Initiative Risk Assessment, Private Security and Special Insurances Along the New Wave of Chinese Outbound Investments (181-195). Singapore: Palgrave.
  • Tumentsetseg, T. (2016). Inner Mongolia should take the opportunity of “One Belt and One Road” strategy to boost the construction of China-Mongolia thoroughfare. Public Administration & Regional Studies, 18(2), 101-110.
  • Vakulchuk, R., & Overland, I. (2019). China’s Belt and Road Initiative through the lens of Central Asia. In F. M. Cheung and Y. Hong (eds.). Regional Connection under the Belt and Road Initiative: The Prospects for Economic and Financial Cooperation (115-133). London: Routledge.
  • Wu, R., & Zhao, X. Appraisal Analysis of Attitude Resources in Russian “Belt and Road Initiative” News. International Journal of Liberal Arts and Social Science, 6(5), 1-7.
  • Xiaoding, C. (2019). Approaches Forward for Shanghai Cooperation Organiza-tion’s Participation in the Silk Road Economic Belt1. Geopolitical Report, 39. Retrieved from http://www.asrie.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Geopolitical-Report-Volume-1_2019-Belt-and-Road-Initiative.pdf
  • Zhang X. (2019) Facilities connectivity in eastern regions of China and Russia and the “Belt and Road” initiative. R-economy, 5(3), 144–150. doi: 10.15826/recon.2019.5.3.015
  • Zhang, X., & Serdar, M. (2017). Analysis of Oil and Gas Cooperation between China and Russia in the Belt and Road. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 39, 01034). EDP Sciences. Retrieved from https://www.shs-conferences.org/articles/shsconf/pdf/2017/07/shsconf_ies2017_01034.pdf
  • Zhou, Y., & Xie, H. (2017, December). Sino-Russian Economic and Trade Cooperation under" the Belt and Road Initiative". In 3rd International Conference on Economics, Management, Law and Education (EMLE 2017). Atlantis Press. Retrieved from https://download.atlantis-press.com/article/25888283.pdf
  • Zhou, Y. (2019, April). Discussion on the Development of Sino-Russian Economic and Trade Cooperation Against the Background of" the Belt and Road Initiative". In 3rd International Conference on Culture, Education and Economic Development of Modern Society (ICCESE 2019). Atlantis Press. Retrieved from https://download.atlantis-press.com/article/55916007.pdf
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ulaş Başar Gezgin Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 4 Mayıs 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Ekim 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Başar Gezgin, U. (2020). Russian and Central Asian Views on China’s Belt & Road Initiative. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(1), 135-148. https://doi.org/10.31454/usb.722094
AMA Başar Gezgin U. Russian and Central Asian Views on China’s Belt & Road Initiative. USBdergi. Mayıs 2020;5(1):135-148. doi:10.31454/usb.722094
Chicago Başar Gezgin, Ulaş. “Russian and Central Asian Views on China’s Belt & Road Initiative”. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 5, sy. 1 (Mayıs 2020): 135-48. https://doi.org/10.31454/usb.722094.
EndNote Başar Gezgin U (01 Mayıs 2020) Russian and Central Asian Views on China’s Belt & Road Initiative. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 5 1 135–148.
IEEE U. Başar Gezgin, “Russian and Central Asian Views on China’s Belt & Road Initiative”, USBdergi, c. 5, sy. 1, ss. 135–148, 2020, doi: 10.31454/usb.722094.
ISNAD Başar Gezgin, Ulaş. “Russian and Central Asian Views on China’s Belt & Road Initiative”. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 5/1 (Mayıs 2020), 135-148. https://doi.org/10.31454/usb.722094.
JAMA Başar Gezgin U. Russian and Central Asian Views on China’s Belt & Road Initiative. USBdergi. 2020;5:135–148.
MLA Başar Gezgin, Ulaş. “Russian and Central Asian Views on China’s Belt & Road Initiative”. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 5, sy. 1, 2020, ss. 135-48, doi:10.31454/usb.722094.
Vancouver Başar Gezgin U. Russian and Central Asian Views on China’s Belt & Road Initiative. USBdergi. 2020;5(1):135-48.

Creative Commons Lisansı Bu eser Creative Atıf-Gayri Ticari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.