KENTSEL DÖNÜŞÜM ALANLARININ YAKINLARINDAKİ MAHALLELERDE DEĞİŞİMLER: İZMİR (TÜRKİYE) ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Bir mahallenin kentsel dönüşüm bölgesinin yakınlarında yer alması onun konut yapılı çevresinde de fiziksel ve sosyal değişimlere neden olur. Bugüne kadar birçok kentsel ve sosyal araştırmacı mahallelerdeki kentsel dönüşüm öncesi ve sonrasındaki değişiklikleri incelemiştir. Ancak, çok azı dönüşümün komşu mahalleler üzerindeki etkilerini incelemiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Yalı Mahallesi'nde (İzmir, Türkiye) bu tür bir etkiyle yaşanan değişimleri incelemektir. Yöntem, 7 yıl boyunca katılımcı gözlemi, zamansal fotoğraf karşılaştırmasını ve sakinlerle görüşmeleri içerir. Yapılı çevredeki fiziksel ve morfolojik değişikliklerle ilgili bulgular, bir veya iki katlı evlerden 5-7 katlı dairelere, yeni caddelere, kamusal alanlara, tesislere ve yeni ulaşım türlerine geçişleri göstermektedir. Mahalle sakinlerinin bakış açıları ve günlük yaşamlarına ilişkin bulgular, hem bazı alışkanlıkları (örneğin, apartmanların balkonlarında halı yıkamak ve hayvan beslemek ev bahçelerine ve teraslarına göre daha zorlaşır) ve komşularla ilişkileri sürdürmenin zorluklarını hem de “yeni yaşamın” avantajlarını (örneğin, yeni binaların fiziksel dayanıklılığı ve iyileştirilmiş ısıtma sistemleri) içermektedir. Karar vericilere, fiziksel ortamda değişiklik yaparken dönüşen mahallelerde ve yakınlarında yaşayanları, onların günlük yaşam pratiklerini ve sosyal süreçleri göz önünde bulundurmaları ve tüm mahallenin tek seferde dönüştürülmesi yerine aşamalı değişiklikleri tercih etmeleri önerilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• konut yapılı çevresi
• mahalle
• katılımcı gözlem
• fotoğraf karşılaştırma
• kentsel dönüşüm

CHANGES IN NEIGHBOURHOODS NEAR URBAN TRANSFORMATION AREAS: IZMIR (TURKEY) EXAMPLE

Öz

The location of a neighbourhood near an urban transformation zone causes physical and social changes in its housing-built environment. To date, many urban and social researchers have examined changes in neighbourhoods before and after urban transformation. However, few have studied the effects of transformation on nearby neighbourhoods. The purpose of this study is to examine changes in this kind of effect in Yalı Quarter (İzmir, Turkey). The methodology includes participant observation for 7 years, temporal photograph comparison, and interviews with residents. The findings on physical and morphological changes in the built environment show the changes from one or two-storey houses to 5-7-storey apartments, new streets, public spaces, facilities, and new modes of transportation. The findings on the perspectives and daily lives of neighbourhood residents include both the difficulties of sustaining some habits (e.g., washing carpets and feeding animals become more difficult in balconies of apartments than terraced roofs and house gardens) and relationships with neighbours and the advantages of “new life” (e.g., physical durability of the new buildings and improved heating systems). The decision-makers are recommended to consider the people living in the transforming and nearby neighbourhoods, their daily life practices, and social processes while making changes in the physical environment and to prefer gradual changes rather than the transformation of the whole neighbourhood at once.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• housing built environment
• neighbourhood
• participant observation
• photograph comparison
• urban transformation

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