The Impact of Differential Learning and Functional Strength Training on Biomechanical Performance Parameters in Tennis Athletes

Öz

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the effects of tennis athletes engaging in differential learning and functional strength training, alongside their routine tennis training, for 8 weeks on performance parameters in tennis, including serve speed, serve accuracy, serve depth, racquet path, and racquet speed, by interpreting it from a biomechanical perspective. Methods: A total of 45 tennis athletes from the Turkish Interuniversity Tennis League were divided into three separate groups: the differential learning group (age: 20.7 ± 1.4 years; height: 171.4 ± 6.4 cm), the functional strength training group (age: 20.3 ± 0.9 years; height: 169.6 ± 4.3 cm), and the control group (age: 20.1 ± 1.3 years; height: 169.2 ± 4.5 cm). The functional strength training group engaged in modified biceps push-ups, modified triceps push-ups, and shoulder raise exercises, whilst the differential learning group participated in tennis serve modeling using soft materials, racquet throwing, and serving practice involving various distances and styles, alongside their functional training regimen. Before and after these training programs, which were conducted twice a week before routine tennis training for a duration of 8 weeks, biomechanical assessments and serve measurements were taken. Results: There was a significant improvement favoring the differential learning group in the racquet side path, racquet behind head velocity, racquet side head velocity, total racquet head velocity, racquet behind path, total racquet path compared to the functional strength training group and the control group (p <0.05). Conclusion: When combined with functional strength training, differential learning seems to enhance the biomechanical parameters among tennis athletes compared to those who only undergo functional strength training.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Differential Learning
• Functional Strength Training
• Tennis
• Biomechanics

Tenis Sporunda Uygulanan Farklılıkla Öğrenme ve Fonksiyonel Kuvvet Antrenmanlarının Biyomekaniksel Perspektif Açısından Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Tenis sporcularının 8 hafta süresince rutin tenis antrenmanlarına ek olarak farklılıkla öğrenme ve fonksiyonel kuvvet antrenmanı yapmalarının teniste performans parametrelerinden servis hızı, servis isabeti, servis derinliği, raket yolu ve raket hızına etkisini biyomekanik perspektiften araştırmak amaçlanmaktadır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya Türkiye Üniversitelerarası Tenis Ligi oyuncusu olan 45 tenis sporcusu farklılıkla öğrenme antrenman grubu (yaş: 20,69 ± 1,44 yıl; boy: 171,35 ± 6,39 cm), fonksiyonel kuvvet antrenman grubu (yaş: 20,31 ± 0,91 yıl; boy: 169,62 ± 4,30 cm) ve kontrol grubu (yaş: 20,08 ± 1,26 yıl; boy: 169,16 ± 4,47 cm) olarak katılmıştır. Fonksiyonel kuvvet antrenman grubu modifiye biceps şınavı, modifiye triceps şınavı ve shoulder rise egzersizlerini yapmıştır. Farklılıkla öğrenme antrenman grubuna fonksiyonel kuvvet antrenmanlarına ek olarak yumuşak materyal ile tenis servisi modellemesi, raket fırlatma ve farklı mesafelerden servis çalışması uygulanmıştır. 8 hafta boyunca rutin tenis antrenmanları öncesinde haftada 2 kez uygulanmış olan bu antrenman programlarının öncesi ve sonrasında sporculara biyomekanik ve servis ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Farklılıkla öğrenme antrenman grubu, kontrol grubu ve fonksiyonel kuvvet antrenman grubunun arkadan raket yolu, yandan raket yolu, toplam raket yolu, arkadan raket kafası hızı, yandan raket kafası hızı, toplam raket kafası hızı gelişim farkı yüzdesi değerleri arasında farklılıkla öğrenme grubunun lehine pozitif olarak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç: Farklılıkla öğrenme antrenmanları fonksiyonel kuvvet antrenmanları ile uygulandığında sadece fonksiyonel kuvvet antrenmanı uygulayan gruba göre tenis sporcularının biyomekanik parametrelerinde daha fazla gelişim sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Farklılıkla Öğrenme
• Fonksiyonel Kuvvet Antrenmanları
• Tenis
• Biyomekanik

Kaynakça

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