Relationship Between Body Composition, Vertical Jump, 30 M Sprint, Static Strength and Anaerobic Power for Athletes

Yıl 2019, , 68 - 78, 15.06.2019

Nigar Küçükkubaş , Ali Günay Berkay Löklüoğlu Berkay Kakil

https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.517037

Cited By: 4

Öz

Aim: The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between body composition, vertical jump, sprint, static strength, and anaerobic power of athletes.

 Methods: 19-27 years old (training 2 hours/day, 4 days/week, training at least 4 years) 28 male (23.11 ± 1.71 years; 1 fitness, 1 mountain climber, 1 swimmer, 15 football, 2 basketball, and 8 tennis players), 19 female (21.95 ± 2.37 years; 3 Zumba, 1 cross country runner, 5 basketball, 2 football, 6 tennis, and 2 volleyball players) athletes participated voluntarily. Body composition compartments, height, skinfold thicknesses, Vertical Jump and 30 m sprint by using timer gates were measured. Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) was used to determine peak anaerobic power (WAnT_PP) and mean anaerobic power (WAnT_MP). 

Results: There was no significant relationship between fat compartment of body composition and vertical jump or 30 m sprint performances for male athletes. In addition to that, there were no relationship between the fat compartment and any of the performance parameters of vertical jump, sprinting, WAnT results for female athletes.

Conclusion: Sport specific strength requirements to be discussed for performance determinants have yet been incomplete and versatile research subject. To predict the sport performance, follow-up and performance focused battery should be studied by all affecting parameters such as physiological, neurological, detailed body composition compartments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Athletes, anaerobic power, body composition, vertical jump, static strength, sprint

Kaynakça

• Ache-Dias, J., Pupo, J. D., Gheller, R. G., Külkamp, W., & Moro, A. P. (2016). Output Prediction From Jump Height and Body Mass Does Not Appropriately Categorize or Rank Athletes. J Str Cond Res , 30 (3), 818-24.
• Alemdaroğlu, U. (2012). The Relationship Between Muscle Strength, Anaerobic Performance, Agility, Sprint Ability and Vertical Jump Performance in Professional Basketball Players. J Hum Kinet , 31, 99-106.
• Aouadi, R., Jlid, M. C., Khalifa, R., Hermassi, S., Chelly, M. S., Van Den Tillaar, R., et al. (2012). Association of anthropometric qualities with vertical jump performance in elite male volleyball players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness , 52 (1), 11-7.
• Arslan, E., & Aras, D. (2016). Comparison of body composition, heart rate variability, aerobic and anaerobic performance between competitive cyclists and triathletes. J Physical Ther Sci , 28 (4), 1325-9.
• Aslan, C. S., Büyükdere, C., Köklü, Y., Özkan, A., & Şahin Özdemir, N. F. (2011). Elit altı sporcularda vücut kompozisyonu, anaerobik performans ve sırt kuvveti arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi , 8 (1), 1612-28.
• Bar-Or, O. (1987). The wingate anaerobic test: an update on methodology reliability and validity. Sports Med , 4, 381-94.
• Beneke, R., Pollmann, C. H., Bleif, I., Leithauser, R., & Hütler, M. (2002). How anearobic is the Wingate Anaerobic Test for humans? Eur J Appl Physiol , 87, 399-92.
• Berthoin, S., Dupont, G., Mary, P., & Gerbeaux, M. (2001). Predicting sprint kinematic parameters from anaerobic field tests in physical education students. J Str Cond Res , 15 (1), 75-80.
• Bissas, A., & Havenetidis, K. (2008). The use of various strength-power tests as predictors of sprint running performance. J Sports Med Phys Fit , 48 (1), 49-54.
• Bosco, C., & Komi, P. V. (1979). Mechanical characteristics and fiber composition of human leg extensor muscles. Eur J Appl Physiol , 41, 275-84.
• Caia, J., Weiss, L. W., Chiu, L. Z., Schilling, B. K., Paquette, M. R., & Relyea, G. E. (2016). Do lower-body dimensions and body composition explain vertical jump ability? J Str Cond Res , 30 (11), 3073-83.
• Dilber, A. O., & Doğru, Y. (2018). The Effect of High-Intensity Functional Exercises on Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics in Sedantery. Int J Sport, Exerc & Train Sci , 4 (2), 64-9.
• Gökhan, İ., Aktaş, Y., & Aysan, H. A. (2015). Amatör Futbolcuların Bacak Kuvveti ile Sürat Değerleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Int J Sci Cult Sports (4), 47-54.
• Granier, P., Mercier, B., Mercier, J., Anselme , F., & Prefaut, C. (1995). Aerobic and anaerobic contribution to Wingate test performance in sprint and middle-distance runners. Eur J Appl Phys Occup Phys , 70 (1), 58-65.
• Gustin, P. B. (2001). Energy System Interaction and Relative Contribution During Maximal Exercise. Sports Med , 31 (10), 725-41.
• Harbili, S. (2015). Relationship between lower extremity isokinetic strength and anaerobic power in weightlifters, basketball and soccer players. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 23(2), 93-100.
• Hazır Aytar, S., Salman, M. N., Devrilmez, E., & Şatıroğlu, S. (2018). Elit Badmintoncularda Bazı Performans Bileşenleri ve Şampiyona Sıralaması Arasındaki İlişki: Cinsiyetler Arası Karşılaştırma. Hacettepe J of Sport Sci , 29 (1), 27-38.
• Kale, M., Aşçı, A., Bayrak, C., & Açıkada, C. (2009). Relationships among jumping performances and sprint parameters during maximum speed phase in sprinters . J Strength Cond Res , 23 (8), 2274-8.
• Kons, R. L., Ache-Dias, J., Detanico, D., Barth, J., & Dal Pupo, J. (2018). Is vertical jump height an indicator of athletes' power output in different sport modalities? J Str Cond Res Issue , 32 (3), 708-15.
• Lockie, R. G., Moreno, M. R., Lazar, A., Orjalo, A. J., Giuliano, D. V., Risso, F. G., et al. (2018). The Physical and Athletic Performance Characteristics of Division I Collegiate Female Soccer Players by Position. J Strength Cond Res , 32 (2), 334-43.
• Loturco, I., Winckler, C., Kobal, R., Cal Abad, C. C., Kitamura, K., Verissimo, A. W., et al. (2015). Performance changes and relationship between vertical jump measures and actual sprint performance in elite sprinters with visual impairment throughout a Parapan American games training season. Front Physiol , 6 (323), 1-8.
• Mayhew, J. L., Hancock, K., Rollison, L., Ball, T. E., & Bowen, J. C. (2001). Contributions of strength and body composition to the gender difference in anaerobic power. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 41 (1), 33-8.
• Murphy, A.J., & Wilson, G.J. (1996). Poor correlations between isometric tests and dynamic performance: relationship to muscle activation. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 73(3-4), 353-7.
• Nieman, D. C. (1999). Assessing Body Composition. Human Kinetics.
• Owen, A. L., Lago-Penas, C., Dunlop, G., Mehdi, R., Chtara, M., & Dellal, A. (2018). Seasonal Body Composition Variation Amongst Elite European Professional Soccer Players: An Approach of Talent Identification. J Human Kinetics , 61, 177-84.
• Özkan, A., & Kin-İşler, A. (2010). Sporcularda Bacak Hacmi, Kütlesi, Hamstring/Quadriceps Oranı ile Anaerobik Performans ve İzokinetik Bacak Kuvveti Arasındaki İlişki. Hacettepe Spor Bilimleri Dergisi , 21 (3), 90-102.
• Özkan, A., & Sarol, H. (2008). Dağcılarda Vücut Kompozisyonu, Bacak Hacmi, Bacak Kütlesi, Anaerobik Performans ve Bacak Kuvveti Arasındaki İlişki. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi , 6 (4), 175-81.
• Potteiger, J. A., Smith, D. L., Maier, M. L., & Foster, T. S. (2010). Relationship Between Body Composition, Leg Strength, Anaerobic Power, and On-Ice Skating Performance in Division I Men's Hockey Athletes. J Strength Cond Res , 24 (7), 1755-62.
• Saç, A., & Taşmektepligil, M. (2011). Farklı Sporcu Gruplarında Üç Ayrı Anaerobik Güç Ölçüm Yöntemiyle Elde Edilen Sonuçların Değerlendirilmesi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi , 2 (1), 5-12.
• Sands, W. A., McNeal, J. R., Ochi, M. T., Urbanek, T. L., Jemni, M., & Stone, M. H. (2004). Comparison of the Wingate and Bosco anaerobic tests. J Strength Cond Res , 18 (4), 810-5.
• Silva, A. M. (2018). Structural and functional body components in athletic health and performance phenotypes. Eur J Clin Nutr . Weyand, P. G., Sternlight, D. B., & Bellizzi, M. J. (2000). Faster top running speeds are achieved with greater ground forces not more rapid leg movements. J Appl Physiol , 89 (5), 1991-9.
• Wisløff, U., Castagna, C., Helgerud, J., Jones, R., & Hoff, J. (2004). Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players. Br J Sports Med, 38, 285-8.
• Zupan, M. F., Arata, A. W., Dawson, L. H., Wile, A. L., Payn, T. L., & Hannon, M. E. (2009). Wingate Anaerobic Test peak power and anaerobic capacity classifications for men and women intercollegiate athletes. J Strength Cond Res , 23 (9), 2598-604.