PVC’nin Çevresel Koşullar Altındaki Bozunma Mekanizmaları, Stabilizasyon Yaklaşımları ve Mikroplastik Potansiyelinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Polimerin maruz kaldığı çevresel koşullar polimer bozunmasına neden olabilir, bu da polimerleri zayıflatabilir, hizmet ömrünü azaltır, atık ve çevre sağlığı sorunlarına yol açarak, aynı zamanda mikroplastikler (MP'ler) ve nanoplastikler (NP'ler) olarak bilinen küçük ve kalıcı parçacıkların üretimine yol açabilmektedir. Bu oluşan parçacıkların da yine bozunma süreci, halk sağlığı ve çevre sağlığı açısından sorunlara yol açabilmektedir. Bu makalede, poli(vinil klorür) (PVC)’nin güneş ışığı (UV bozunumu), sıcaklık (termal bozunma), hava (oksidatif bozunma), mikroorganizmalar (biyolojik bozunma), nem (hidrolitik bozunma), yağış ortamları (yağmur, kar v.b) ve sucul ekosistem (deniz ve okyanus ortamları v.b.) gibi çevresel etkiler sürecindeki bozunma mekanizmaları, stabilizasyon yaklaşımları ve mikroplastik oluşma potansiyelleri değerlendirilmiştir. PVC'nin çevresel etkiler ile bozunması sonucu oluşan mikroplastiklerin çevreye salınımı, plastik atıkların yönetimi ve stabilizasyon yaklaşımları konularında yeni stratejilerin geliştirilmesini gerektirmektedir. Bu açıdan, PVC'nin bozunma süreçlerinin ve mikroplastiklerin çevreye etkilerinin daha ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenmesi önemlidir. Bu yüzden, bu çalışmanın, PVC polimerinin çeşitli ortamlardaki bozunma mekanizmalarını, ürünün hizmet ömrü açısından stabilizasyon stratejilerini ve bozunma sonucu oluşan mikroplastiklerin hem oluşum süreçlerini hem de bozunabilirliklerini bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla ve güncel yaklaşımlarla bir arada ele alarak literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PVC
• bozunma
• stabilizasyon
• mikroplastik

Evaluation of PVC Degradation Mechanisms, Stabilization Approaches, and Microplastic Formation Potential under Environmental Conditions

Abstract

Environmental conditions to which the polymer is exposed may cause polymer degradation. This can weaken the polymers, shorten their service life, lead to waste and environmental health problems, and as a result, produce small and persistent particles known as microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs). These particles can, in turn, create additional problems in terms of the degradation process, public health, and environmental health. In this article, the degradation mechanisms, stabilization approaches, and microplastic formation potential of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) under environmental effects, such as sunlight (UV degradation), temperature (thermal degradation), air (oxidative degradation), microorganisms (biological degradation), moisture (hydrolytic degradation), precipitation (rain, snow, etc.), and aquatic habitats (sea and ocean environments, etc.) have been evaluated. The release of microplastics into the environment as a result of PVC's degradation under environmental effects necessitates the development of new strategies for the management of plastic waste and stabilization approaches. From this perspective, it is important to further investigate the degradation processes of PVC and the effects of microplastics on the environment in greater detail. Therefore, this study is believed to contribute to the literature by addressing the degradation mechanisms of PVC polymer in various environments, stabilization strategies in view of the product's service life, and the formation and degradability of microplastics resulting from this process, all from a holistic perspective and with up-to-date approaches.

Keywords

• PVC
• degradation
• stabilization
• microplastics

Kaynakça

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