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إشكالية (مسألة) حماية التحكم المطلق: تحليل مذهبي حول معتقد العصمة

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 34, 136 - 158, 31.10.2020

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abrahamov, Binyamin. “Ibn Taymiyya and the Doctrine of `Ismah”, The Bulletin, 12/3-4, (1993), 21-30.
  • Akgül, Muhittin. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de Hz. Peygamber. İzmir: Işık Yayınları, 1999.
  • Alūsī, Mahmud ibn Abdullah. Rūh al-ma`ānī fi tafsīr al-Qur`ān al-‘aẓīm wa as-sab` al-mathanī. 15 volume, Beirut: Ihya al-Turath al-‘Arabī, n.d.
  • Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali. The Divine Guide in Early Shi‘ism: The Sources of Esotericism in Islam. trans. David Streight, State University of New York, 1994.
  • Ayhan, Bayram. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’e Göre Peygamberlerin İsmeti. İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Master’s Thesis, 2008.
  • Bazdawi, Abū al-Yusr al-. Usūl ad-Dīn. ed. H.P. Liness, Cairo: Linss. Cairo, 1963.
  • Bulut, Mehmet. Ehli Sünnet ve Şia’da İsmet İnancı. İstanbul: Risale Yayınevi, 1991.
  • Friedman, Yoran. The Nușayrī-`Alawīs: An Introduction to the Religion, History and Identity of the Leading Minority in Syria, Brill: 2009.
  • Gezgin, Ali Galip. Kur’ân’da Hz. Peygamber’e Yapılan Uyarılar. Isparta: Fakülte Kitabevi, 2003.
  • Halm, Heinz. Shi‘ism. trans. Janet Watson and Marian Hill, New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.
  • Hudawi, Mohammed Suhailem al-, “Infallibility of Prophets and Imams in the Doctrines of ahl al-Sunnah and al-Shī`ah al Imāmiyyah al-Ithnā `Ashariyyah”, in Sunni and Shia at the Crossroad: Rethinking its history, thoughts and practices, ed. Yamamoto Naoki, Maysuda Kazunori, Yusak Nailil Muna, and Futatsuyama Tatsuro. Nakanishi, Printing Company, 2015, 89-96.
  • Ibn Ḥazm al-Andalusi. `Alī ibn Aḥmad, Kitāb al-Fasl fi’l-Milal al-ahwā’ wa-l-niḥal. Bagdad: 1321.
  • Ibn Hishām, ‘Abd al-Malik. al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyya. ed. Mustafa as-Sakka, Ibrahim al-Abyari, Abdulhafiz Shelebi, Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyya, 2004.
  • Ibn Khumayr, Abū’l-Ḥasan ‘Alī ibn Aḥmad al-Sibti. Tanzīh al-anbiyā’ ‘ammā nasaba ilayhim khuthālat al-aghbiyāʾ. ed. Aḥmad ‘Abd al-Jalīl al-Zabībī, Beirut: Dār Ibn Ḥazm, 2003.
  • Ibn Manzūr, Muḥammad ibn Mukarram. Lisān al-‘Arab. 12 volume, Beirut: al-Matba’at al-Kutub, 1990.
  • Kirmānī, Shams al-Dīn. Sharh al-Kirmānī `alá Șahīh al-Bukhārī. 12 volume, Beirut: Dar al Kitab Ali Ilmiyyah, 2010.
  • Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Ya`qub Ibn Isḥāq al-. al-Uṣūl min al-Kāfī. ed. ‘Alī Akbar Ghaffārī and Muḥammad al- Ākhundī, Tahran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1388.
  • Madelung, Wilferd. “Ismah”, in Encyclopaedia of Islam. 3 volume, Leiden: 1960.
  • Māturīdi, Abū Manṣūr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-. Ta’wilat al-Qur`ān. İstanbul: Hacı Selimağa Kütüphanesi, Folio 40.
  • Mawdūdī, Abū al-`Ala. Tafhīm al-Qur`ān. http://www.englishtafsir.com/Quran/5/index.html (Accessed: 31.01.2020).
  • Mawdūdī, Abū al-`Ala. Tafhīm al-Qur`ān. 7 volume, İstanbul: 1986.
  • Momen, Moojan. An Introduction to Shiʻi Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shiʻism. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985.
  • Mohamed, Aisah. Şia’nın İmamette İsmet Doktrininin Eleştirisi. trans. Ömer Aydın, İstanbul: I.U.I.F.D., 2003.
  • Qurțubī al-Ansarī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-. al-Jāmi‘ li-ahkām al-Qur`ān. 14 volume, Cairo: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Arabī, 1967.
  • Rahman, Fazlur. İslam. Ankara: Ankara Okulları, 2004.
  • Rāqhib al-Iṣfahānī, Abū al-Qāsim al-Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad. al-Mufradāt fi qharib al- Qur`ān. ed. Muḥammad Halil, Beirut: Dār al-Ma’ārif, 1998.
  • Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn al-. `Ismat al-anbiyā’. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyya, 1988.
  • Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn al-. Al-Tafsīr al-kabīr. 25 volume, ed. M. Muhyiddin Abdulhamid, Cairo: 1934-62.
  • Salisbury, Edward E. “The Book of Sulaimân's First Ripe Fruit, Disclosing the Mysteries of the Nusairian Religion”, Journal of the American Oriental Society, 8 (1866): 227-308.
  • Sharif al-Murtadā, Alī ibn Ḥusayn. Tanzīh al-anbiyā’. Beirut: Dār al-Adwa’, 1989.
  • Ṭabarī, Abū Ja`far Muḥammad. Tafsīr al-Ṭabarī. volume 15-16-22, Beirut: Dār ihya al-turath al-‘Arabī.
  • Ünverdi, Veysi. “Mü`tezile’de Peygamberlerin İsmeti,” Din Bilimleri Akademik Araştırma Dergisi, 15/1 (2015): 71-111.

For The Sake of An Infallible Authority: An Analysis of Sectarian Approaches to The Belief In ‘ismah

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 34, 136 - 158, 31.10.2020

Öz

This research analyses the notion of ‘ismah, believed to be a natural faculty of the prophets (and the Imams in Shi’ite case) that protects them from sin, even though they are capable of committing sin. The following questions have naturally played a central role in the formation and construction of the subject: is it possible for a human being to be infallible? Is it rational to believe that Allāh, the Creator and Sustainer of the Universe, would send forth a fallible or sinful man to guide mankind? As of yet the questions of just what 'ismah really is and who exactly are the infallible ones have not been settled. With those questions in mind, this research seeks to provide a detailed sectarian analysis on the matter of the infallibility of prophets or imams. The views of classical scholars on the concept of ‘ismah will initially be examined, then Sunni and Shi’ite perspectives of the infallibility doctrine will be addressed in depth, as it appears to have been one of the essential religious teachings of both. Afterwards, selected Qur`ānic passages (in which the prophets, specifically Adam and the Prophet Muḥammad, are warned and ask for forgiveness) will be scrutinized not to discuss the question of whether the prophets are fallible or infallible, but to understand and decode the nature and concept of ‘ismah.

Kaynakça

  • Abrahamov, Binyamin. “Ibn Taymiyya and the Doctrine of `Ismah”, The Bulletin, 12/3-4, (1993), 21-30.
  • Akgül, Muhittin. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de Hz. Peygamber. İzmir: Işık Yayınları, 1999.
  • Alūsī, Mahmud ibn Abdullah. Rūh al-ma`ānī fi tafsīr al-Qur`ān al-‘aẓīm wa as-sab` al-mathanī. 15 volume, Beirut: Ihya al-Turath al-‘Arabī, n.d.
  • Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali. The Divine Guide in Early Shi‘ism: The Sources of Esotericism in Islam. trans. David Streight, State University of New York, 1994.
  • Ayhan, Bayram. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’e Göre Peygamberlerin İsmeti. İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Master’s Thesis, 2008.
  • Bazdawi, Abū al-Yusr al-. Usūl ad-Dīn. ed. H.P. Liness, Cairo: Linss. Cairo, 1963.
  • Bulut, Mehmet. Ehli Sünnet ve Şia’da İsmet İnancı. İstanbul: Risale Yayınevi, 1991.
  • Friedman, Yoran. The Nușayrī-`Alawīs: An Introduction to the Religion, History and Identity of the Leading Minority in Syria, Brill: 2009.
  • Gezgin, Ali Galip. Kur’ân’da Hz. Peygamber’e Yapılan Uyarılar. Isparta: Fakülte Kitabevi, 2003.
  • Halm, Heinz. Shi‘ism. trans. Janet Watson and Marian Hill, New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.
  • Hudawi, Mohammed Suhailem al-, “Infallibility of Prophets and Imams in the Doctrines of ahl al-Sunnah and al-Shī`ah al Imāmiyyah al-Ithnā `Ashariyyah”, in Sunni and Shia at the Crossroad: Rethinking its history, thoughts and practices, ed. Yamamoto Naoki, Maysuda Kazunori, Yusak Nailil Muna, and Futatsuyama Tatsuro. Nakanishi, Printing Company, 2015, 89-96.
  • Ibn Ḥazm al-Andalusi. `Alī ibn Aḥmad, Kitāb al-Fasl fi’l-Milal al-ahwā’ wa-l-niḥal. Bagdad: 1321.
  • Ibn Hishām, ‘Abd al-Malik. al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyya. ed. Mustafa as-Sakka, Ibrahim al-Abyari, Abdulhafiz Shelebi, Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyya, 2004.
  • Ibn Khumayr, Abū’l-Ḥasan ‘Alī ibn Aḥmad al-Sibti. Tanzīh al-anbiyā’ ‘ammā nasaba ilayhim khuthālat al-aghbiyāʾ. ed. Aḥmad ‘Abd al-Jalīl al-Zabībī, Beirut: Dār Ibn Ḥazm, 2003.
  • Ibn Manzūr, Muḥammad ibn Mukarram. Lisān al-‘Arab. 12 volume, Beirut: al-Matba’at al-Kutub, 1990.
  • Kirmānī, Shams al-Dīn. Sharh al-Kirmānī `alá Șahīh al-Bukhārī. 12 volume, Beirut: Dar al Kitab Ali Ilmiyyah, 2010.
  • Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Ya`qub Ibn Isḥāq al-. al-Uṣūl min al-Kāfī. ed. ‘Alī Akbar Ghaffārī and Muḥammad al- Ākhundī, Tahran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1388.
  • Madelung, Wilferd. “Ismah”, in Encyclopaedia of Islam. 3 volume, Leiden: 1960.
  • Māturīdi, Abū Manṣūr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-. Ta’wilat al-Qur`ān. İstanbul: Hacı Selimağa Kütüphanesi, Folio 40.
  • Mawdūdī, Abū al-`Ala. Tafhīm al-Qur`ān. http://www.englishtafsir.com/Quran/5/index.html (Accessed: 31.01.2020).
  • Mawdūdī, Abū al-`Ala. Tafhīm al-Qur`ān. 7 volume, İstanbul: 1986.
  • Momen, Moojan. An Introduction to Shiʻi Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shiʻism. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985.
  • Mohamed, Aisah. Şia’nın İmamette İsmet Doktrininin Eleştirisi. trans. Ömer Aydın, İstanbul: I.U.I.F.D., 2003.
  • Qurțubī al-Ansarī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-. al-Jāmi‘ li-ahkām al-Qur`ān. 14 volume, Cairo: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Arabī, 1967.
  • Rahman, Fazlur. İslam. Ankara: Ankara Okulları, 2004.
  • Rāqhib al-Iṣfahānī, Abū al-Qāsim al-Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad. al-Mufradāt fi qharib al- Qur`ān. ed. Muḥammad Halil, Beirut: Dār al-Ma’ārif, 1998.
  • Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn al-. `Ismat al-anbiyā’. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyya, 1988.
  • Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn al-. Al-Tafsīr al-kabīr. 25 volume, ed. M. Muhyiddin Abdulhamid, Cairo: 1934-62.
  • Salisbury, Edward E. “The Book of Sulaimân's First Ripe Fruit, Disclosing the Mysteries of the Nusairian Religion”, Journal of the American Oriental Society, 8 (1866): 227-308.
  • Sharif al-Murtadā, Alī ibn Ḥusayn. Tanzīh al-anbiyā’. Beirut: Dār al-Adwa’, 1989.
  • Ṭabarī, Abū Ja`far Muḥammad. Tafsīr al-Ṭabarī. volume 15-16-22, Beirut: Dār ihya al-turath al-‘Arabī.
  • Ünverdi, Veysi. “Mü`tezile’de Peygamberlerin İsmeti,” Din Bilimleri Akademik Araştırma Dergisi, 15/1 (2015): 71-111.

Mutlak Otoritenin Muhafazası Sorunsalı: İsmet İnancı Konusunda Mezhepsel Bir Analiz

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 34, 136 - 158, 31.10.2020

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abrahamov, Binyamin. “Ibn Taymiyya and the Doctrine of `Ismah”, The Bulletin, 12/3-4, (1993), 21-30.
  • Akgül, Muhittin. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de Hz. Peygamber. İzmir: Işık Yayınları, 1999.
  • Alūsī, Mahmud ibn Abdullah. Rūh al-ma`ānī fi tafsīr al-Qur`ān al-‘aẓīm wa as-sab` al-mathanī. 15 volume, Beirut: Ihya al-Turath al-‘Arabī, n.d.
  • Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali. The Divine Guide in Early Shi‘ism: The Sources of Esotericism in Islam. trans. David Streight, State University of New York, 1994.
  • Ayhan, Bayram. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’e Göre Peygamberlerin İsmeti. İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Master’s Thesis, 2008.
  • Bazdawi, Abū al-Yusr al-. Usūl ad-Dīn. ed. H.P. Liness, Cairo: Linss. Cairo, 1963.
  • Bulut, Mehmet. Ehli Sünnet ve Şia’da İsmet İnancı. İstanbul: Risale Yayınevi, 1991.
  • Friedman, Yoran. The Nușayrī-`Alawīs: An Introduction to the Religion, History and Identity of the Leading Minority in Syria, Brill: 2009.
  • Gezgin, Ali Galip. Kur’ân’da Hz. Peygamber’e Yapılan Uyarılar. Isparta: Fakülte Kitabevi, 2003.
  • Halm, Heinz. Shi‘ism. trans. Janet Watson and Marian Hill, New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.
  • Hudawi, Mohammed Suhailem al-, “Infallibility of Prophets and Imams in the Doctrines of ahl al-Sunnah and al-Shī`ah al Imāmiyyah al-Ithnā `Ashariyyah”, in Sunni and Shia at the Crossroad: Rethinking its history, thoughts and practices, ed. Yamamoto Naoki, Maysuda Kazunori, Yusak Nailil Muna, and Futatsuyama Tatsuro. Nakanishi, Printing Company, 2015, 89-96.
  • Ibn Ḥazm al-Andalusi. `Alī ibn Aḥmad, Kitāb al-Fasl fi’l-Milal al-ahwā’ wa-l-niḥal. Bagdad: 1321.
  • Ibn Hishām, ‘Abd al-Malik. al-Sīrah al-Nabawiyya. ed. Mustafa as-Sakka, Ibrahim al-Abyari, Abdulhafiz Shelebi, Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyya, 2004.
  • Ibn Khumayr, Abū’l-Ḥasan ‘Alī ibn Aḥmad al-Sibti. Tanzīh al-anbiyā’ ‘ammā nasaba ilayhim khuthālat al-aghbiyāʾ. ed. Aḥmad ‘Abd al-Jalīl al-Zabībī, Beirut: Dār Ibn Ḥazm, 2003.
  • Ibn Manzūr, Muḥammad ibn Mukarram. Lisān al-‘Arab. 12 volume, Beirut: al-Matba’at al-Kutub, 1990.
  • Kirmānī, Shams al-Dīn. Sharh al-Kirmānī `alá Șahīh al-Bukhārī. 12 volume, Beirut: Dar al Kitab Ali Ilmiyyah, 2010.
  • Kulaynī, Muḥammad b. Ya`qub Ibn Isḥāq al-. al-Uṣūl min al-Kāfī. ed. ‘Alī Akbar Ghaffārī and Muḥammad al- Ākhundī, Tahran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyyah, 1388.
  • Madelung, Wilferd. “Ismah”, in Encyclopaedia of Islam. 3 volume, Leiden: 1960.
  • Māturīdi, Abū Manṣūr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-. Ta’wilat al-Qur`ān. İstanbul: Hacı Selimağa Kütüphanesi, Folio 40.
  • Mawdūdī, Abū al-`Ala. Tafhīm al-Qur`ān. http://www.englishtafsir.com/Quran/5/index.html (Accessed: 31.01.2020).
  • Mawdūdī, Abū al-`Ala. Tafhīm al-Qur`ān. 7 volume, İstanbul: 1986.
  • Momen, Moojan. An Introduction to Shiʻi Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shiʻism. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985.
  • Mohamed, Aisah. Şia’nın İmamette İsmet Doktrininin Eleştirisi. trans. Ömer Aydın, İstanbul: I.U.I.F.D., 2003.
  • Qurțubī al-Ansarī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-. al-Jāmi‘ li-ahkām al-Qur`ān. 14 volume, Cairo: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Arabī, 1967.
  • Rahman, Fazlur. İslam. Ankara: Ankara Okulları, 2004.
  • Rāqhib al-Iṣfahānī, Abū al-Qāsim al-Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad. al-Mufradāt fi qharib al- Qur`ān. ed. Muḥammad Halil, Beirut: Dār al-Ma’ārif, 1998.
  • Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn al-. `Ismat al-anbiyā’. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyya, 1988.
  • Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn al-. Al-Tafsīr al-kabīr. 25 volume, ed. M. Muhyiddin Abdulhamid, Cairo: 1934-62.
  • Salisbury, Edward E. “The Book of Sulaimân's First Ripe Fruit, Disclosing the Mysteries of the Nusairian Religion”, Journal of the American Oriental Society, 8 (1866): 227-308.
  • Sharif al-Murtadā, Alī ibn Ḥusayn. Tanzīh al-anbiyā’. Beirut: Dār al-Adwa’, 1989.
  • Ṭabarī, Abū Ja`far Muḥammad. Tafsīr al-Ṭabarī. volume 15-16-22, Beirut: Dār ihya al-turath al-‘Arabī.
  • Ünverdi, Veysi. “Mü`tezile’de Peygamberlerin İsmeti,” Din Bilimleri Akademik Araştırma Dergisi, 15/1 (2015): 71-111.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Din Araştırmaları
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Reyhan Erdoğdu Başaran

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ekim 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Şubat 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 34 Sayı: 34

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD Erdoğdu Başaran, Reyhan. “For The Sake of An Infallible Authority: An Analysis of Sectarian Approaches to The Belief In ‘ismah”. Usul İslam Araştırmaları 34/34 (Ekim 2020), 136-158.
Usul İslam Araştırmaları Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.