INVESTIGATION OF 4D PRINTING TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION AREAS

Öz

It is known that three-dimensional (3D) printing technology which enables to transform an imagination into 3D real product, has started to take place in many different areas from the space-aviation sector to the health sector and its usage is gradually increasing. With the unstoppable development of technology, the emergence of new materials and manufacturing methods or the necessity of developing existing ones has become an inevitable fact. Four-dimensional (4D) printing technology which also includes 3D printing technology as one of the steps of 4D printing and this 4D printing technology allows the 3D printed products from smart materials to change their shape over time when these 3D printed products are stimulated by external stimulus such as heat, water, light or etc. In this study, 4D printing technology and components have been examined and some useful information has been tried to be presented to our country's researchers and engineers about the development process and potential application areas of this technology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 4D printing
• 3D printing
• Additive manufacturing
• Smart material

4 boyutlu baskı teknolojisi ve uygulama alanlarının araştırılması

Öz

Hayal gücünü üç boyutlu olarak gerçek bir ürüne dönüştürmeye olanak sağlayan üç boyutlu baskı (3D Printing) teknolojisinin uzay-havacılık sektöründen sağlık sektörüne dek birçok farklı alanda yer almaya başladığı ve kullanımının da giderek arttığı bilinmektedir. Teknolojinin durdurulamaz gelişimi ile birlikte yeni malzemelerin ve imalat yöntemlerinin ortaya çıkması ya da var olanların geliştirilmesinin gerekliliği de kaçınılmaz bir gerçek haline gelmiştir. İçerisinde üç boyutlu (3B) baskı teknolojisini de barındıran dört boyutlu (4B) baskı teknolojisi de bu adımlardan yalnızca birisi olarak karşımıza çıkmakta olup, akıllı malzemeden üç boyutlu olarak basılmış ürünlerin, ısı, su, ışık vb. dış uyarıcılarla uyarılması ile bu ürünlerin zamanla şekil değiştirmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada ise 4B baskı teknolojisi ve bileşenleri incelenerek, bu teknolojinin gelişim süreci ve potansiyel uygulama alanları hakkında ülkemiz araştırmacılarına ve mühendislerine bir takım faydalı bilgiler sunulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 4B baskı
• Eklemeli imalat
• Akıllı malzeme
• 3B baskı

Kaynakça

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