DİZEL MOTORLARDA DİMETİL ETER KULLANIMININ HC EMİSYONLARINA OLAN ETKİLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR DERLEME ÇALIŞMASI

Öz

Bu çalışma, dizel motorlarda dimetil eter (DME)’in saf veya yakıt katkısı olarak kullanımı üzerine yapılmış çeşitli çalışmaların sonuçlarından yararlanılarak derlenmiştir. Dizel motorlarda zararlı egzoz emisyonlarını azaltmanın birkaç yöntemi vardır. Bunlardan ilki motor tasarımında ve yakıt enjeksiyon sisteminde modifikasyonlar yaparak yanmanın iyileştirilmesidir, ancak bu pahalı ve zaman alıcı bir yöntemdir. İkinci yöntem ise katalitik konvektör ve partikül fitresi gibi donanımlar kullanmaktır, ancak bu donanımlar motor performansını olumsuz yönde etkilerler. Hem egzoz emisyonlarını azaltmak hem de motor performansını artırmak için uygulanan son yöntem çeşitli alternatif yakıtların veya yakıt katkılarının kullanılmasıdır. Dizel motorlardaki en önemli emisyonlar azot oksitler (NOx) ve partikül maddelerdir (PM). Çoğu araştırmacı emisyonları azaltmanın en iyi yolunun doğalgaz, biyogaz, biyodizel gibi alternatif yakıtların veya konvansiyonel ve bu alternatif yakıtlarla birlikte çeşitli yakıt katkılarının kullanılması olduğunu bildirmektedir. Bu nedenle, alternatif yakıtlar ve yakıt katkıları üzerine yapılan çalışmaların sonuçlarının birlikte değerlendirilmesi pratik uygulamalar için oldukça önemlidir. Alternatif yakıtlar arasında oksijen içerikli yakıtlar büyük ilgi çekmektedir. DME içeriğinde oksijen bulunması, setan sayısının yüksek olması ve diğer istenen yakıt özellikleri nedeniyle dizel motorlarda kullanılmaya oldukça elverişlidir. Bu nedenle sunulan derleme çalışması, dimetil eterin dizel motorlarda yakıt veya yakıt katkısı olarak kullanılmasının hidrokarbon (HC) emisyonlarına olan etkilerinin incelenmesine odaklanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dizel motor performansı
• Dimetil eter
• Yakıt katkıları
• HC emisyonları

A Review Study on the Effects of Using Dimethyl Ether on HC Emissions in Diesel Engines

Öz

This review study was created from the various studies which were completed on the use of dimethyl ether (DME) in diesel engines as a fuel or fuel additive. The several methods are available for the decreasing of the harmful emissions in diesel engines. The first method for the reduction of harmful emissions is improved the combustion by modification of engine design and fuel injection system, but this process is expensive and time consuming. The second method is the using various exhaust gas devices like catalytic converter and diesel particulate filter. However, the use of such devices affects negatively diesel engine performance. The last method to reduce emissions and also improve diesel engine performance is the use of various alternative fuels or fuel additives. The major pollutants of diesel engines are oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). It is very difficult to reduce NOx and PM simultaneously in practice. The most researches declare that the best way to reduce these emissions is the use of various alternative fuels i.e. natural gas, biogas, biodiesel or using some additives with the alternative fuels and conventional diesel fuel. Therefore, it is very important that the results of various studies on alternative fuels or fuel additives are evaluated together to practice applications. Among the various alternative fuels, oxygenated fuels draw a great attention. DME is very suitable fuel for diesel engines due to its oxygen content, high cetane number and other desired fuel properties. Therefore, the presented review study focuses on the usage of DME in diesel engines as a fuel or fuel additive. This review study investigates the effects of using DME on hydrocarbon (HC) emissions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diesel engine performance
• Dimethyl ether
• Fuel additives
• HC emissions

Kaynakça

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