ORGANOMİNERAL GÜBRE KULLANIMININ TOPRAK AZOT PROSESLERİNE ETKİSİ

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, uygun koşullar altında katı organomineral gübre ile gübrelemenin toprağın azot prosesleri üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemektir. Organomineral gübre dozlarının azot süreçlerine etkisini değerlendirmek için, 100 g toprak örneği farklı miktarlarda (20 ve 40 g kg–1) organomineral gübre ile muamele edilmiştir. Örnekler daha sonra 15 ve 30 gün süreyle kontrollü koşullar altında karanlıkta 28° C'de inkübe edilmiştir. Alınan örneklerde NH4-N, NO3-N, arginin amonifikasyon oranı, nitrifikasyon potansiyeli belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, organomineral gübre uygulamasının toprak verimliliği üzerindeki etkisini belirlemede toprak azot proseslerinin biyoindikatör olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. 20 ve 40 g kg–1 organomineral gübre ile muamele edilmiş topraklarda amonyum azot seviyelerinin, sırasıyla %71 ve %73 oranında arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, amonifikasyon oranı, inkübasyon sonunda %61-80 oranında artmıştır. Topraklar nitrat içerikleri bakımından değerlendirildiğinde, her iki dozda yapılan organomineral gübre muamelesinin nitrat konsantrasyonlarını düşürerek nitrifikasyon potansiyelini baskıladığı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, organomineral gübre kullanımı ile bitkilerin azot kullanım verimliliğini artırabileceğini, böylece karasal ekosistemlerin üretkenliğini geliştirebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Sürdürülebilir bir tarım için organomineral gübre kullanımı ile aşırı gübre kullanımının neden olduğu çevre sorunlarını azaltabileceği ve toprak kalitesini artırarak tarım verimliliğini artırabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• amonifikasyon
• azot
• nitrifikasyon
• organomineral gübre
• toprak

The Effect of Using Organomineral Fertilizer on Soil Nitrogen Processes

Öz

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of using solid organomineral fertilizers under optimal conditions on soil nitrogen processes. To evaluate the effects of different concentrations of organomineral fertilizers on soil nitrogen processes, 100g soil samples were treated with varying amounts (20 ve 40 g kg–1) of organomineral fertilizers. The samples were then incubated under controlled conditions in the dark at 28°C for 15 and 30 days. NH4-N, NO3-N, arginine ammonification rate, and nitrification potential were determined in the samples. The results showed that soil nitrogen processes can be used as a bioindicator to determine the effect of organomineral fertilizer application on soil productivity. A significant increase in ammonium nitrogen levels was observed in soils treated with 20 ve 40 g kg–1 organomineral fertilizers, with increases of 71% and 73%, respectively. In addition, the ammonification rate increased by 61-80% after incubation. When the soils were evaluated for nitrate content, it was found that both doses of organomineral fertilizer treatment suppressed nitrification potential by reducing nitrate concentrations. The data obtained suggest that the use of organomineral fertilizers can increase nitrogen use efficiency in plants and improve the productivity of terrestrial ecosystems. This indicates that the use of organomineral fertilizers can reduce environmental problems caused by excessive fertilizer use and improve soil quality, thus increasing agricultural productivity for more sustainable agriculture.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ammonification
• nitrification
• nitrogen
• organomineral fertilizier
• soil

Kaynakça

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