Designing a Prototype LPG Injection Electronic Control Unit for a Carburetted Gasoline Engine

Öz

In this study, the originally carburetted gasoline engine was converted to gas-phase liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) injection engine by using an after market LPG conversion kit's components except the electronic control unit (ECU). Instead of after market LPG injection ECU, the ECU which was designed considering the effects of  electromagnetic interference (EMI), was used for controlling injection. The designed ECU was tested in terms of EMI while the engine was being run and it was detected that the EMI noises could be suppressed as possible by taken measures. Designed ECU was used in performance tests at different engine conditions and the results obtained with LPG injection were compared with the results obtained with LPG carburetion. According to the performance test results, LPG injection ECU designed in this study could help to achieve low exhaust emissions and high engine performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• LPG injection
• electronic control unit
• electromagnetic interference
• noise suppression methods

Karbüratörlü Bir Benzin Motoru İçin LPG Püskürtme Elektronik Kontrol Ünitesi Tasarımı

Öz

Bu çalışmada, orijinali karbüratörlü benzinli olan bir motor, elektronik kontrol ünitesi hariç olmak
üzere piyasada bulunan LPG dönüşüm kiti bileşenleri kullanılarak gaz fazında LPG' nin püskürtüldüğü bir
motor haline dönüştürülmüştür. Dönüşüm sisteminin bir bileşeni olan LPG püskürtme elektronik kontrol
ünitesi yerine, püskürtme işleminin kontrol edilmesi amacıyla elektromanyetik girişim etkilerinin dikkate
alındığı yeni bir elektronik kontrol ünitesi tasarlanmıştır. Farklı motor şartlarında gerçekleştirilen
performans testlerinde tasarlanan elektronik kontrol ünitesi kullanılmış ve LPG püskürtme sistemi ile elde
edilmiş sonuçlar, karbüratörlü LPG sistemi ile elde edilen sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Performans test
sonuçlarına göre bu çalışmada tasarlanan LPG püskürtme elektronik kontrol ünitesi düşük egzoz
emisyonları ve yüksek motor performansı değerlerinin elde edilmesine yardımcı olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• LPG püskürtme
• elektronik kontrol ünitesi
• elektromanyetik girişim
• gürültü bastırma metotları

Kaynakça

1. Wang, J.X., Song, J.H., Mao X.J. and et al. (2009) Development of an electronic control unit for a compressed natural gas engine based on circuit simulation and modelling, Proc IMechE, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 223, 1341-1350.
2. Hansub, S., Kangyoon, L., Namhoon, C. and Myoungho, S. (2005) A study on the injection characteristics of a liquid-phase liquefied petroleum gas injector for air–fuel ratio control, Proc IMechE, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 219, 1037–1046.
3. Biscoff, R., Akple, M., Turkson, R. and Klomegah, W. (2012) Scenario of the emerging shift from gasoline to LPG fuelled cars in Ghana: A case study in Ho Municipality, Volta Region, Energy Policy, 44, 354-361.
4. Isermann, R. (2008) Mechatronic systems-Innovative products with embedded control, Control Eng Pract, 16,14–29.
5. Hafner, M., Jost, O. and Isermann, R. (2002) Mechatronic design approach for engine management system, Mechatronics, 12, 1035–1046.
6. Schöner, H. P. (2004) Automotive mechatronics, Control Eng Pract, 12, 1343–1351.
7. Loganathan, M. and Ramesh, A. (2007) Study on manifold injection of LPG in two stroke SI engine, J Energy Inst, 80, 3168–3174.
8. Sunwoo, M., Sim, H. and Lee, K. (1999) Design and development of an ECU and its air-fuel ratio control scheme for an LPG engine with a bypass injector, In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Vehicle Electronics (IVEC'99), 508-513.

9. Campbell, M., Wyszynski, L.P. and Stone, R. (2003) Combustion of LPG in a spark-ignition engine, SAE paper, 2004-01-0974.
10. Li, L., Liu, Z., Wang, H. and et al. (2003) Development of a gas-phase LPG injection system for a small SI engine, SAE paper, 2003-01-3260.
11. Sierens, R. (1992) An experimental and theoretical study of liquid LPG injection, SAE paper, 922363.
12. Watson, H.C. and Phuong, P.X. (2007) Why liquid-phase LPG port injection has superior power and efficiency to gas phase port injection, SAE paper, 2007-01-3552.
13. Wendeker, M., Jaklinski, P., Czarnigowski, J. and et al. (2007) Operational parameters of LPG fuelled SI engine – comparison of simultaneous and sequential port injection, SAE paper, 2007-01-2051.
14. Wan, F., Duval, F., Savatier, X. and et al. (2012) Electromagnetic interference detection method to increase the immunity of a microcontroller-based system in a complex electromagnetic environment, IET Sci Meas Technol , 6, 254–260.
15. Mabuchi, Y., Nakamura, A., Ohmae, A. and et al. (2009) Development of a low EMI micro-controller package for automobile applications, In: Proceedings of 20th Int. Zurich Symposium on EMC, Zurich, Switzerland, 377-380.
16. Serrao, V., Lidozzi, A., Solero, L. and Di N.A. (2008) Common and differential mode EMI filters for power electronics, In: International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, 918-923.
17. Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd. (2012) Application manual, Noise suppression by EMIFIL digital equipment, C33E.pdf 04.5.12.
18. Ott, H.W. (1988) Noise reduction techniques in electronic systems. 2nd ed., John Wiley&Sons Inc, New York.
19. Chipcon Products from Texas Instruments. (2003) Application note, LC filter with improved high-frequency attenuation.
20. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. (1995) Application note, System design and layout techniques for noise reduction in MCU-based systems.
21. Ribbens, W.B. (2003) Understanding Automotive Electronics, 6th ed., Newnes-Elsevier Science, New York.
22. Erkus, B., Surmen, A. and Karamangil, M.I. (2013) A comparative study of carburation and injection fuel supply methods in an LPG-fuelled SI engine, Fuel, 107, 511–517.
23. Gumus, M. and Ugurlu, A. (2011) Application of phase change materials to pre-heating of evaporator and pressure regulator of a gaseous sequential injection system, Appl. Energ., 88, 4803–4810.