Sustainable and Environmental Friendly Window and Glass Technologies for Energy Efficient Buildings: Recent Developments and Applications

Öz

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of sustainable and environmentally friendly window and glass technologies developed for energy efficient low / zero carbon buildings. The new generation of window and glass technologies are examined over the basic performance criteria such as average heat transfer coefficient (U-value), solar heat gain coefficient, visible light transmission coefficient, thermal comfort, cost and commercialization potential. As the windows are responsible for the approximate % 60 of heat loss from the building's shell, the works are mostly concentrated on the development of products with high thermal resistance. In this context, vacuum glass technology reveals quite optimistic results. Vacuum glasses have U values below 0.50 W/m2 K. This value is in the range of 2.00-2.70 W/m2 K in air or argon filled multi-layered classical window technologies. Thermal resistance photovoltaic glass applications (TRPVG) provide a U value of about 1.19 W/m2 K. And thus, it provides twice as good thermal insulation compared to double-layer glass, and allows the production of approximately 100 W of electricity per m2 . Low-e glasses play a key role in the efficient minimization of window-based thermal losses in harsh climatic conditions. Although aerogel glasses affect visual quality, it is a very impressive technology because it offers a unique thermal resistance at a limited wall thickness. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buildings,energy efficiency,windows,U value,solar heat gain

ENERJİ VERİMLİ BİNALAR İÇİN SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR VE ÇEVRE DOSTU PENCERE VE CAM TEKNOLOJİLERİ: SON GELİŞMELER VE UYGULAMALAR

Öz

Bu çalışmada enerji verimli düşük/sıfır karbon binalar için geliştirilen sürdürülebilir ve çevre dostu pencere ve cam teknolojilerinin kapsamlı bir analizi sunulmaktadır. Ortalama ısı transfer katsayısı (Uvalue), güneş ısı kazanç katsayısı, görünür ışık geçirgenlik katsayısı, UV ve IR ışık bloklama kapasitesi, termal konfor, maliyet ve ticarileşebilme potansiyeli gibi temel performans kriterleri üzerinden söz konusu yeni nesil pencere ve cam teknolojileri incelenmekte ve konvansiyonel ürünlerle karşılaştırılmaktadır. Pencereler bina kabuğundan gerçekleşen toplam ısı kayıplarının yaklaşık %60’ından sorumlu olduğu için, çalışmalar çoğunlukla ısıl direnci yüksek ürün geliştirme üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. Bu manada vakum cam teknolojisi oldukça iyimser sonuçlar ortaya koymaktadır. Vakum camlar 0.50 W/m2 K’in altında U değerlerine sahiptir. Bu değer hava ya da argon dolgulu çok katmanlı klasik pencere teknolojilerinde 2.00-2.70 W/m2 K aralığındadır. Isıl dirençli fotovoltaik cam uygulamaları (TRPVG) yaklaşık 1.19 W/m2 K’lik bir U değeri ile hem çift katmanlı camlara göre iki kat daha iyi ısıl yalıtım ortaya koymakta hem de birim m2 ’den yaklaşık 100 W elektrik üretimine imkân tanımaktadır. Low-e camlar sert iklim koşullarında pencere orijinli ısıl kayıpların etkin minimizasyonunda anahtar rol oynamaktadır. Aerogel camlar görsel kaliteyi etkilese de sınırlı bir et kalınlığında ortaya koyduğu benzersiz ısıl direnç açısından farkındalık oluşturmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Binalar,enerji verimliliği,pencereler,U değeri,güneş ısı kazancı

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