Evaluation of the Effect of Hypervisor and Container Type Virtualization on Different Workloads Performance in Cloud Environments

Öz

Advances in virtualization technologies that provide efficient use of physical resources have played major role in development of technologies such as cloud computing, internet of things and software defined networks. Today, container technologies have emerged as alternative to hypervisor virtualization solutions. Cloud providers design a system that supports both hypervisor and container virtualization solutions to provide users with more efficient environments. In this study, performance evaluation of processor, memory, network and disk intensive workloads on KVM hypervisor and LXD container virtualization solutions in OpenStack cloud infrastructure has been performed by applying ‘Domain Knowledge-based Methodology’. Performance tests were performed with PerfKit Benchmarker and Cloudbench benchmark automation tools by using Iperf as a network-intensive workload, HPL as a processor-intensive workload, Stream as a memory-intensive workload and Fio as a disk-intensive workload in the OpenStack cloud environment. As a result, LXD virtualization in OpenStack infrastructure performed better than KVM in processor-intensive, network-intensive, sequential read bandwidth, sequential read input/output per second, sequential write bandwidth and sequential write input/output per second for HDD workloads. KVM virtualization in OpenStack infrastructure performed better than LXD in memory-intensive and random read bandwidth, random read input/output per second, random write bandwidth and random write input/output per second for HDD workloads.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Virtualization
• cloud computing
• hypervisor
• container
• KVM
• LXD

Bulut Ortamlarında Hipervizör ve Konteyner Tipi Sanallaştırmanın Farklı Özellikte İş Yüklerinin Performansına Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Fiziksel kaynakların verimli kullanılabilmesini sağlayan sanallaştırma teknolojilerindeki ilerlemeler, bulut bilişim, nesnelerin interneti ve yazılım tanımlı ağ teknolojilerinin gelişiminde büyük pay sahibi olmuştur. Günümüzde hipervizör sanallaştırma çözümlerine alternatif olarak konteyner teknolojileri ortaya çıkmıştır. Bulut sağlayıcıları kullanıcılarına daha verimli ortamlar sunmak için hem hipervizör hem konteyner sanallaştırma çözümlerini destekleyen sistemleri tercih etmektedirler. Bu çalışmada, ‘Alan bilgisine dayalı’ metodoloji uygulanarak OpenStack bulut altyapısında işlemci, bellek, ağ ve disk yoğunluklu iş yüklerinin KVM hipervizör ve LXD konteyner sanallaştırma çözümleri üzerinde performans değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. OpenStack bulut ortamında PerfKit Benchmarker ve Cloudbench kıyaslama otomasyon araçları vasıtasıyla ağ yoğunluklu iş yükü olarak Iperf, işlemci yoğunluklu iş yükü olarak HPL, bellek yoğunluklu iş yükü olarak Stream ve disk yoğunluklu iş yükü olarak Fio kıyaslama araçları kullanılarak performans testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan testler sonucunda OpenStack bulut altyapısında LXD sanallaştırma KVM sanallaştırmaya göre işlemci, ağ, sabit disk sürücüsünde sıralı okuma bant genişliği, saniyedeki giriş/çıkış sayısı ve sıralı yazma bant genişliği, saniyedeki giriş/çıkış sayısı iş yüklerinde daha iyi performans sergilemiştir. KVM sanallaştırma ise LXD sanallaştırmaya göre bellek, sabit disk sürücüsünde rasgele okuma bant genişliği, saniyedeki giriş/çıkış sayısında ve rasgele yazma bant genişliği, saniyedeki giriş/çıkış sayısında daha iyi performans sergilemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sanallaştırma
• bulut bilişim
• hipervizör
• konteyner
• KVM
• LXD

Kaynakça

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