ÇELİK YAPILARDA KULLANILAN DİYAGONAL ÇELİK ÇAPRAZLARIN YAPAY ARI KOLONİ ALGORİTMASI İLE OPTİMİZASYONU

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 51 - 64, 11.04.2018

Turan Karabörk Mustafa Sönmez Ersin Aydın Tülin Çelik Yakup Bölükbaş

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.414427

Öz

Diyagonal çelik çapraz (DÇÇ) sistemler, mevcut
yapının deprem performansının iyileştirilmesinde veya yeni yapının depreme
dayanıklı olarak tasarlanmasında yaygın olarak kullanılan yöntemlerden
birisidir. Bu sistemler yapının yatay yük taşıma kapasitesini arttırır ve
yapının yanal rijitliğine katkı sağlamaktır. Çelik diyagonal çaprazların yapı
sistemindeki yerleşimi, yapı sistemin performansını etkileyen önemli
etkenlerden birisidir. Bu çalışma, çelik çaprazların yerleşimdeki optimum
dağılımın belirlenmesi için yapay arı koloni optimizasyon tekniği kullanılarak
yeni bir algoritma sunulmuştur. Tepe deplasmanına ve taban kesme kuvvetine
bağlı transfer fonksiyonları amaç fonksiyonu olarak seçilmiştir. Buradaki temel
amaç, belirlenen kısıtlar altında amaç fonksiyonlarının minimize edilmesidir.
Tasarım değişkeni olarak her kata yerleştirilen çelik çaprazların rijitlikleri
seçilmiştir. Ayrıca, çelik çaprazların toplam rijitliği, optimizasyon
probleminin aktif kısıtlı olarak belirlenmiştir. Hazırlanan optimizasyon algoritmasının
performansının test edilmesi amacıyla 20 katlı çelik yapı modeli oluşturulmuş
ve El Centro depremi kaydı kullanılarak zaman tanım alanında dinamik analiz
yapılmıştır. Yapay arı koloni algoritması kullanılarak elde edilen optimum
çelik çapraz yerleşimi, düzgün dağılım ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu bulgular
göstermiştir ki, tasarlanan algoritma ile belirlenen optimum diyagonal çelik
çapraz dağılımı, her bir amaç fonksiyonu için tatmin edici sonuçlar vermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diyagonal çelik çaprazlar, yapay arı koloni algoritması, yapısal optimizasyon, transfer fonksiyonları

Optimizing Diagonal Steel Braces Used in Steel Structures via Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

Öz

Steel diagonal
braces (SDB) systems, are one of widely used methods for improving the seismic
performance of existing structures or new construction of earthquake-resistant
design. These systems contribute to the stiffness of the structure as well as
increased lateral load carrying capacity of the structure. Placement on the
steel diagonal braces is one of the significant factors affecting the
performance of the system. In this study, a new algorithm to find the optimal
distribution of SDB using artificial bee colony optimization technique is
presented. The objective functions are chosen as the transfer function
amplitude of the top displacement and the transfer function amplitude of the
base shear force. The main purpose is to minimize the objective function under
specific constraints. Stiffness parameters of steel braces located on each
floor is chosen as the design variables. Additionally, the sum of the stiffness
parameter of the SDB is accepted as an active constraint. In order to test the
response the performance of results obtained from ABC, 20 story steel braced
building is modeled and analyzed using time history methods under the El-Centro
earthquake. Optimum SDB location obtained using artificial bee colony algorithm
is compared to uniform distribution of SDB’s. The findings show that, the
optimum SDB distribution give satisfactory results for each of the objective
functions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Steel diagonal braces, artificial bee colony algorithm, structural optimization, transfer functions.

Kaynakça

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