Comparision of Resource Allocation Algorithms on Multi-cell LTE-A Systems by Using FFR

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 239 - 254, 30.08.2019

Ahmet Emir Hakan Kaya

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.446797

Öz

The purpose of resource allocation in LTE-A
(Long Term Evolution Advanced) systems is that the time frequency resource can
be used effectively by the users according to specific parameters. Scheduling
algorithms are used to efficiently allocate system resources among users. In
this study, when allocating frequency among cells in multi-cell LTE-A systems,
the Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) technique, a static ICIC (Intercell
Interference Coordination) technique, was first used for GPF (Generalized
Proportional Fair) and AMM (Arithmetic Mean Method) schedulers. BCQI (Best
Channel Quality Indicator, RR (Round Robin) and PF (Proportional Fair), AMM and
GPF schedulers were compared in terms of mean user throughput, edge user
throughput, peak user throughput and fairness. As a result of the simulations,
it was observed that GPF schedulers increased edge user throughputs and system
fairness compared to other schedulers in case of using FFR in multicellular
LTE-A systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Averaging Throughput Methods, Fairness, Mean User Throughput, Edge User Throughput, Peak User Throughput, FFR

FFR TEKNİĞİ KULLANILAN ÇOK HÜCRELİ LTE-A SİSTEMLERİNDE KAYNAK ATAMA ALGORİTMALARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Öz

Gelişmiş Uzun Dönem Evrim (Long Term Evolution
Advanced – LTE-A) sistemlerinde kaynak atamadaki amaç mevcut zaman ve frekans
kaynağının kullanıcılar tarafından belirli ölçütlere göre etkin şekilde
kullanılabilmesidir. Sistem kaynaklarının kullanıcılar arasında etkin bir
biçimde paylaştırılması amacıyla çizelgeleme algoritmaları kullanılmaktadır. Bu
çalışmada, çok hücreli LTE-A sistemlerinde hücreler arası frekans ataması için
bir statik Hücreler Arası Girişim Uyumu (Intercell Interference Coordination-
ICIC) tekniği olan Kesirsel Frekans Tekrar Kullanımı (Fractional Frequency
Reuse-FFR) tekniği, ilk kez Genelleştirilmiş Oransal Adillik (Generalized
Proportional Fair-GPF) ve Aritmetik Ortalama Metodu (Arithmetic Mean
Method-AMM) çizelgeleyiciler için kullanılmıştır. En İyi Kanal Göstergeci (Best
Channel Quality Indicator-BCQI), RR (Round Robin) ve Oransal Adillik (Proportional
Fair-PF), AMM ve GPF Çizelgeleyicileri ortalama kullanıcı çıkış hızı, kenar
kullanıcı hızı, tepe kullanıcı hızı ve adillik açısından karşılaştırılmıştır.
Simülasyonlar sonucunda, çok hücreli LTE-A sistemlerinde FFR kullanılması
koşulunda, GPF çizelgeleyicilerin diğer çizelgeleyicilere göre kenar kullanıcı
hızlarını ve sistem adilliğini artırdığı gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çıkış Hızı Ortalama Alma Metodları, Adillik, Ortalama Kullanıcı Çıkış Hızı, Kenar Kullanıcı Hızı, Tepe Kullanıcı Hızı, FFR

Kaynakça

• 1. 3GPP TR 36.913 v.8.0.0 (2008). Requirements for Further Advancements for E-UTRA (LTE-Advanced) (Release 8), Erişim Adresi: http://www.qtc.jp/3GPP/Specs/36913-800.pdf. (Erişim Tarihi: 03.04.2017)
• 2. 3GPP TS 36.106 v 8.7.0 (2012), LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); FDD repeater radio transmission and reception (Release 8), Erişim Adresi: https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/136100_136199/136106/08.07.00_60/ts_136106v080700p.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 25.12.2017)
• 3. Akkuzu B. (2014) Qos-Aware Scheduler For Self-Organizing Lte Networks, MsC Thesis, İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul.
• 4. Ameigeiras P. , Navarro-Ortiz J. , Andres-Maldonado P. , Lopez-Soler J. M. , Lorca J. ,Perez-Tarrero Q. and Garcia-Perez R.(2016), 3GPP QoS-based scheduling framework for LTE, EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2016, 1-14. doi: 10. 1186/s13638-016-0565-9
• 5. Anonim (2018) LTE OFDM Technology, Erişim Adresi: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/lte/lte_ofdm_technology.htm (Erişim Tarihi 18:03.2018)
• 6. Aramide S.O. , Barakat B. , Wang Y. , Keates S. and Arshad K. (2017), Generalized Proportional Fair (GPF) Scheduler for LTE-A, 9th Computer Science and Electronic Engineering (CEEC), Colchester, UK, 12-132. doi: 10. 1109/CEEC.2017. 8101612
• 7. Büyükoğlu A. , Sağlam M. İ., Kavas A. and Kartal M.(2016), An Efficient Throughput Averaging Method for Proportional Fair Algorithm Used in Mobile Networks, Advances in Wireless and Optical Communications (RTUWO), Riga, Latvia,161-166. doi: 10.1109/RTUWO.2016.7821876
• 8. Chen L. and Yuan D. (2010), Generalized frequency reuse schemes for OFDMA networks: Optimization and comparison, in IEEE 71st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2010-Spring), Taipei, Taiwan. doi: 10.1109 /VETECS.2010.5493830
• 9. Dardouri S. and Bouallegue R. (2014) Comparative Study of Scheduling Algorithms for LTE Networks, International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering , 8(3), 467-472. doi: 10.1016/j.phycom.2013.11.009
• 10. Ghosh A. , Ratasuk R. , B. Mondal, Mangalvedhe N. and Thomas T.(2010) , LTE-advanced: next-generation wireless broadband technology[Invited Paper], IEEE Wirel. Commun., 17(3) ,10-22. doi: 10.1109/MWC.2010.5490974
• 11. Ikuno J. C. , Taranetz M. and Rupp M. (2013) , A Fairness-based Performance Evaluation of Fractional Frequency Reuse in LTE, 17th International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas (WSA), Stutgart,Germany,
• 12. Nardini G. , Stea G. ,Virdis A.,Sabella D., and Caretti M. (2016), . Practical large-scale coordinated scheduling in LTEAdvanced network, Wireless Networks, 22, 11-31. doi: 10. 1007 /s11276-015-0948-6
• 13. Rahman M. and Yanikomeroglu H.(2010) , Enhancing cell-edge performance: a downlink dynamic interference avoidance scheme with inter-cell coordination, IEEE Transactions of Wireless Communications, 9(4), 1414–1425. doi: 10.1109 /TWC.2010.04.090256
• 14. Rupp M. , Schwarz S. and Taranetz M. (2016), The Vienna LTE-Advanced Simulators: Up and Downlink,Link and System Level Simulation, Springer. , Singapore. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-0617-3
• 15. Sesia S. , Toufik I and Baker M.(2009), LTE: The UMTS Long Term Evolution:From Theort to Practice, Wiley Online Library. doi: 10. 1002/9780470742891
• 16. Stoynov V. R. and Volkova-Jarvis Z. V.(2017), Performance Evaluation of Throughput Averaging Methods for the Proportional Fair Algorithm in Indoor Mobile Networks, 2017 13th International Conference on Advanced Technologies, Systems and Services in Telecommunications (TELSIKS), Nis, Serbia 232-235. doi: 10. 1109 /TELSKS.2017. 8246270
• 17. Suliman M.A. and Ayoob D.S.A.(2015) , A Comparison Study Between the Downlink Packet Scheduling, Al-Rafidain Engineering, 23(3),27-40.
• 18. Sun Z. , Yin C. and Yue G.(2006) , Reduced-Complexity Proportional Fair Sceduling for OFDMA Systems, International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems, Guilin,China , 1221-1225. doi: 10.1109/ICCCAS.2006.284866
• 19. Trivedi R.D. ve Patel M. (2014) , Comparison of Different Scheduling Algorithm for LTE, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 4(5), 334-339.
• 20. Vienna LTE-A Downlink System Level Simulator v1.9 Q2-2016 (2016), Erişim Adresi:https://www.nt.tuwien.ac.at/research/mobile-communications/vccs/vienna-lte-a-simulators/lte-a-downlink-system-level-simulator/ (Erişim Tarihi: 10 Ocak 2017)
• 21. Wengerter C. , Ohlhorst J. , and. Edler. von Elbwart A. G.(2005), Fairness and throughput analysis for generalized proportional fair frequency cheduling in OFDMA, IEEE 61st Veh. Technol. Conf. , 3(2), 0-4. doi: 10.1109/VETECS.2005.1543653.
• 22. Xie Z. and Walke B.(2010), Frequency reuse techniques for attaining both coverage and high spectral efficiency in ofdma cellular systems, in IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC2010),Sydney, Australia. doi: 10. 1109 /WCNC.2010. 5506110
• 23. Yıldız Ö and Sokullu R. (2017), A novel mobility aware downlink scheduling algorithm for LTE-A networks, International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN), Milan, Italy, 300-305. doi: 10. 1109 /ICUFN.2017. 7993798