Gerçeklik Türlerinin Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 1155 - 1168, 31.12.2020

Sanaa Irıqat Fahri Vatansever

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.789985

Öz

Teknolojideki hızlı gelişmeler, yaşamın her alanına yansımakta ve doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu alanlardan birisi de gerçeklik teknolojisidir. Fiziksel dünyayı dijital dünya ile birleştiren bu teknolojiyle insanların "gerçeklik" algısında değişiklikler oluşturulabilmektedir. Gerçekleştirilen çalışmada son zamanlarda popüler hale gelen artırılmış, sanal ve karma gerçeklik teknolojilerinin temelleri, esasları, uygulamaları hakkında bilgiler sunularak ayrıntılı karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

artırılmış gerçeklik, sanal gerçeklik, karma gerçeklik

COMPARISON OF REALITY TYPES

Öz

Rapid developments in technology reflect and directly affect all areas of life. One of these areas is reality technology. With this technology that combines the physical world with the digital world, changes can be created in humans' "reality" perception. This study presents information and detailed comparisons about the fundamentals, principles, and applications of augmented, virtual, and mixed reality technologies that have become popular recently. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality

Kaynakça

• 1. Angulo, A. and Velasco, G.V. (2013) Immersive simulation of architectural spatial experiences, XVII Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - SIGraDi: Knowledge-based Design, Chile, 495-499. doi: https://doi.org/10.5151/despro-sigradi2013-0095
• 2. Azuma, R., Baillot, Y., Behringer, R., Feiner, S., Julier, S., MacIntyre, B. (2001) Recent advances in augmented reality, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 21(6): 34-47. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/38.963459.
• 3. Azuma, R.T. (1997) A survey of augmented reality, Presence, 6(4): 355-385. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/pres.1997.6.4.355
• 4. Bamodu, O. and Ye, X. (2013) Virtual reality and virtual reality systems components, 2nd International Conference on Systems Engineering and Modelling ICSEM-13, 921-924. doi: https://doi.org/10.2991/icsem.2013.192
• 5. Berryman, D.R. (2012) Augmented reality: a review, Medical Reference Services Quarterly, 31(2): 212-218. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2012.670604
• 6. Billinghurst, M., Clark, A., Lee, G. (2015) A survey of augmented reality, Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction, 8 (2-3); 73-272. doi: https://doi.org/10.1561/1100000049
• 7. Carmigniani, J., Furht, B., Anisetti, M., Ceravolo, P., Damiani, E., Ivkovic, M. (2011) Augmented reality technologies, systems and applications, Multimedia Tools and Applications, 51: 341-377. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-010-0660-6
• 8. Chen, C-H., I-Jui, L., Ling-Yi, L. (2016) Augmented reality-based video-modeling storybook of nonverbal facial cues for children with autism spectrum disorder to improve their perceptions and judgments of facial expressions and emotions, Computers in Human Behavior, 55(A): 477-485. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.09.033
• 9. Coates, G. (1992) Program from Invisible Site—a virtual sho, a multimedia performance work presented by George Coates Performance Works, San Francisco, CA, March, 1992.
• 10. Costanza E., Kunz A., Fjeld M. (2009) Mixed Reality: A Survey. In: Lalanne D., Kohlas J. (eds) Human Machine Interaction. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5440. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00437-7_3
• 11. Çetinkaya, H., Akçay, M. (2013) Eğitim ortamlarında arttırılmış gerçeklik uygulamaları, Akademik Bilişim Kongresi, Antalya
• 12. Farshid, M., Paschen, J., Eriksson, T., Kietzmann, J. (2018) Go boldly! Explore augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR) for business, Business Horizons, 61, 657-663. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.05.009
• 13. Hashimoto, S., Tan, J.K., Ishikawa, S. (2007) A method of creating a transparent space based on mixed reality, Artificial Life and Robotics, 11: 57-60. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10015-006-0400-1
• 14. Hsiao, K-F., Rashvand, H.F. (2011) Body language and augmented reality learning environment, 2011 Fifth FTRA International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering, Loutraki, Greece, 246-250. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/MUE.2011.51
• 15. Huang, K-T., Ball, C., Francis, J., Ratan, R., Boumis, J., Fordham, J. (2019) Augmented versus virtual reality in education: an exploratory study examining science knowledge retention when using augmented reality/virtual reality mobile applications, Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 22(2): 105-110. doi: https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2018.0150
• 16. Hughes, C.E., Stapleton, C., Hughes, D.E., Smith, E. (2005) Mixed reality in education, entertainment and training, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 25(6): 24-30. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.1109/MCG.2005.139
• 17. İbili, E., Şahin, S. (2013) Artırılmış gerçeklik ile interaktif 3D geometri kitabı yazılımın tasarımı ve geliştirilmesi: ARGE3D, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(1): 1-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.5578/fmbd.6213
• 18. Janssen, R. (2011) Augmented reality - The ethical importance of a shared context, Master Thesis.
• 19. Kounavis, C.D., Kasimati, A.E., Zamani, E.D. (2012) Enhancing the tourism experience through mobile augmented reality: challenges and prospects, International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 4(10): 1-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.5772/51644
• 20. Li, Y., Huang, J., Tian, F., Wang, H-A., Dai, G-Z. (2019) Gesture interaction in virtual reality, Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware, 1(1): 84-112. doi: https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.2096-5796.2018.0006
• 21. McMillan, K., Flood, K., Glaeser, R. (2017) Virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, and the marine conservation movement, Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 27(S1): 162-168. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2820
• 22. Mekni, M., Lemieux, A. (2014) Augmented reality: Applications, challenges and future trends, Applied Computational Science - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Applied Computer and Applied Computational Science (ACACOS'14), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 205-214.
• 23. Memi, E. (2006) Now see this; Boeing’s working on augmented reality which could change space training, ops, Boeing Frontiers, 21.
• 24. Milgram, P., Takemura, H., Utsumi, A., Kishino, F. (1995) Augmented reality: a class of displays on the reality-virtuality continuum, Proc. SPIE 2351, Telemanipulator and Telepresence Technologies, 282-292. doi: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.197321
• 25. Nedic, Z., Machotka, J., Nafalski, A. (2003) Remote laboratories versus virtual and real laboratories, 33rd Annual Frontiers in Education, FIE 2003., Westminster, CO, T3E-T3E. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2003.1263343.
• 26. O’Connor, M., Hughes, C.E. (2005) Authoring and delivering mixed reality experiences, 2005 International Conference on Human-Computer Interface Advances in Modeling and Simulation (SIMCHI'05), 33–39.
• 27. Odeh, S., Shanab, S.A., Anabtawi, M., Hodrob, R. (2013) A Remote engineering lab based on augmented reality for teaching electronics, International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering, 9(5): 61-67. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v9iS5.2496
• 28. Onime C., Uhomoibhi, J., Radicella, S. (2015) MARE: Mobile augmented reality based experiments in science, technology and engineering, In book: Restivo, M.T., Cardoso, A., Lopes, A.M. (Eds.) Online Experimentation: Emerging Technologies and IoT, International Frequency Sensor Association Publishing, Barcelona.
• 29. Portalés, C., Lerma, J.L. and Pérez, C. (2009) Photogrammetry and augmented reality for cultural heritage applications, The Photogrammetric Record, 24(128): 316-331. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.2009.00549.x
• 30. Rokhsaritalemi, S., Sadeghi-Niaraki, A., Choi, S-M. (2020) A review on mixed reality: Current trends, challenges and prospects, Applied Sciences, 10, 636. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/app10020636
• 31. State, A., Livingston, M., Garrett, W., Hirota, G., Whitton, M., Pisano, E., Fuchs, H. (1996) Technologies for augmented reality systems: Realizing ultrasound-guided needle biopsies, 23rd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH ’96), New Orleans, LA, 439–446. doi: https://doi.org/10.1145/237170.237283
• 32. Steuer, J. (1992) Defining virtual reality: Dimensions determining telepresence, Journal of Communication, 42(4): 73–93. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1992.tb00812.x
• 33. Střelák, D. (2016) Augmented reality tourist guide, Master Thesis, Masarykova Univerzita Fakulta Informatiky.
• 34. Stretton, T., Cochrane, T., Narayan, V. (2018) Exploring mobile mixed reality in healthcare higher education: A systematic review, Research in Learning Technology, 26: 1-19. doi: https://doi.org/10.25304/rlt.v26.2131
• 35. Tuli, N. and Mantri, A. (2015) Augmented reality as teaching aid: Making chemistry Interactive, Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, Special Issue: 188-191. doi: https://doi.org/10.16920/ijerit/2015/v0i0/59624
• 36. Uchiyama, S., Takemoto, K., Satoh, K., Yamamoto, H., Tamura, H. (2002) MR Platform: a basic body on which mixed reality applications are built, International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, Darmstadt, Germany, 2002, pp. 246-320, doi: 10.1109/ISMAR.2002.1115095.
• 37. URL1, Oxford English Dictionary, https://www.lexico.com/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 38. URL2, Cambridge Dictionary, https://dictionary.cambridge.org/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 39. URL3, Longman Dictionary, https://www.ldoceonline.com/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 40. URL4, Macmillan Dictionary, https://www.macmillandictionary.com/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 41. URL5, https://www.dictionary.com/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 42. URL6, https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 43. URL7, https://www.collinsdictionary.com/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 44. URL8, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augmented_reality (Accessing date: 2020)
• 45. URL9, Sevim, D. (2019) Augmented reality - Artırılmış gerçeklik avantajları ve dezavantajları, https://www.protopars.com/augmented-reality-artirilmis-gerceklik-avantajlari-ve-dezavantajlari/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 46. URL10, https://www.panono.com/en/blog/blog-posts/augmented-reality-ar-virtual-reality-vr-different-areas-of-application-advantages-and-disadvantages/index.html (Accessing date: 2020)
• 47. URL11, Bardi, J. (2019) What is virtual reality?, https://www.marxentlabs.com/what-is-virtual-reality/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 48. URL12, Babich, N. (2019) How VR in education will change how we learn and teach, https://xd.adobe.com/ideas/principles/emerging-technology/virtual-reality-will-change-learn-teach/#:~:text=Virtual%20reality%20can%20be%20used,but%20also%20interact%20 with%20it (Accessing date: 2020)
• 49. URL13, http://aboutaugmentedreality.blogspot.com/p/limitations-of-ar.html (Accessing date: 2020)
• 50. URL14, https://assignmenthelp4me.com/discussions/what-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-augmented-reality.html#:~:text=Disadvantages%20of%20augmented%20reality%2D&text=Lack%20of%20privacy%20is%20major%20drawback%20of%20AR.&text=Low%20performance%20level%20of%20AR,be%20arise%20during%20testing%20phase.&text=Augmented%20reality%20can%20cause%20mental%20health%20issues.&text=Lack%20of%20security%20may%20affect%20the%20overall%20augmented%20reality%20principle (Accessing date: 2020)
• 51. URL15, https://yourstory.com/mystory/c6ba370f23-the-benefits-and-disad (Accessing date: 2020)
• 52. URL16, Jaquith, T., & The Futurism Team (2017). New realities: How VR, AR, and MR stack up, https://futurism.com/images/vr-ar-and-mr-whats-the-difference-infographic-2 (Accessing date: 2020)
• 53. URL17, http://web.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/ist188480/cmul/devices.html (Accessing date: 2020)
• 54. URL18, https://www.onirix.com/learn-about-ar/the-best-augmented-reality-hardware-in-2019/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 55. URL19, https://blog.treasuredata.com/blog/2019/11/14/augmented-vs-virtual-reality-difference/ (Accessing date: 2020)
• 56. Yoshida, S., Kihara, K., Takeshita, H., Fujii, Y. (2014) Instructive head-mounted display system: pointing device using a vision-based finger tracking technique applied to surgical education. Videosurgery and Other Miniinvasive Techniques, 9(3): 449-452. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.5114/wiitm.2014.44132
• 57. Zhao, Q. (2009) A survey on virtual reality,