POLİMER ELEKTROLİT MEMBRANLI (PEM) YAKIT PİLLERİ İÇİN İNDİRGENMİŞ GRAFEN OKSİT - KARBON NANOFİBER HİBRİT DESTEKLİ PLATİN ELEKTROKATALİZÖRLERİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 2, 365 - 378, 31.08.2021

Begüm Yarar Kaplan

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.790349

Öz

Polimer elektrolit membranlı (PEM) yakıt pillerinde elektrot yapısında kullanılan elektrokatalizörün verimliliğinin artırılması, maliyetinin düşürülmesi ve ticarileşmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Son
yıllarda, ticari olarak kullanılan karbon siyahı destekli platin (Pt/C) elektrokatalizörün aktivite ve performans gibi dezavantajlarından dolayı yeni nesil elektrokatalizörlerin kullanımı oldukça dikkat
çekmektedir. Bu sebeple, bu çalışmada indirgenmiş grafen oksit (rGO) ve karbon nanofiber (KNF) esaslı hibrit karbon yapısı katalizör destek malzemesi olarak kullanılmıştır ve bu destekler üzerine Pt nanoparçacıkları sentezlenmiştir. KNF ve rGO/KNF destekli Pt elektrokatalizörlerin (Pt/KNF ve Pt/rGOKNF) sentezi için basit, çevre dostu ve düşük maliyetli bir teknik olan mikrodalga destekli (MW) sentez tekniği kullanılmıştır. Mikrodalga tekniği ile sentez sayesinde tek basamakta, hızlı ve verimli bir sentez geliştirilmiştir. Sentezlenen elektrokatalizörün fiziksel karakterizasyonu için X-ışını difraktometresi (XRD), RAMAN spektroskopisi ve geçirimli elektron mikroskopisi (TEM) teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Elektrokimyasal aktivite analizi için döngüsel voltametri (CV) ve doğrusal taramalı voltametri (LSV) tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bunun dışında, yakıt pili içinde performans testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Pt/rGOKNF Pt/KNF ile kıyaslandığında daha yüksek katalitik aktivite ve yakıt pili performansı (maksimum güç yoğunluğu: 447 mW.cm-2) göstermiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Pt/rGO-KNF hibrit katalizörlerin oldukça umut vaat eden PEM yakıt pili elektrot malzemeleri olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karbon nanolifler, grafen, elektrokatalizör, PEM yakıt pilleri

Development of Reduced Graphene Oxide - Carbon Nanofiber Hybrid Supported Platinum Electrocatalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells

Öz

Increasing the efficiency of the electrocatalyst for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell’s electrode is very important in terms of lower the cost and commercialization. In recent years, the
use of next generation electrocatalysts has received great attention due to the disadvantages such as low activity and performance of commercial carbon black supported platinum (Pt/C) electrocatalysts. Therefore, here, a hybrid carbon structure based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and carbon nanofiber (CNF) was used as a catalyst support and Pt nanoparticles were synthesized on these supports. The simple, environmentally friendly, and cheap microwave-assisted (MW) synthesis technique was used for the synthesis of Pt nanoparticles on rGO /CNF electrocatalysts (Pt/CNF and Pt/rGO-CNF). By means of microwave assisted synthesis, one-step, fast and efficient synthesis has been designed. Physical characterization of electrocatalysts have been performed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), RAMAN spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Electrochemical activity of electrocatalysts were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). Additionally, performance tests were carried out in the fuel cell. Pt/rGO-CNF showed higher catalytic activity and fuel cell performance (maximum power density: 449 mW.cm-2) compared to Pt/CNF. The obtained results show that the Pt/rGO-CNF hybrid catalysts are highly promising PEM fuel cell electrode materials.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Carbon nanofibers, graphene, electrocatalyst, PEM fuel cells

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