Covid-19’da Cinsiyet Hormonlarının İmmün Yanıt Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19), şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs 2'nin (SARS-CoV-2) neden olduğu özellikle akciğerde şiddetli doku hasarına neden olan, yoğun inflamatuvar yanıt oluşturan bulaşıcı bir hastalıktır. Yapılan çalışmalar, COVID-19 enfeksiyonu olan erkeklerin kadınlara göre daha şiddetli semptomlar gösterdiği, yaşlı popülasyonunda COVID-19'dan ölüm riskinin gençlere göre daha yüksek olduğu bildirilmiştir. Erkeklerde COVID-19’un kadınlara göre daha ciddi seyretmesi, cinsiyet hormonlarının bu duruma etkisinin olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Kadın ve erkeklerde cinsiyet hormon seviyelerindeki farklılık immün yanıtları önemli derecede etkilemektedir. COVID-19 pandemisinin sağlık sistemleri ve küresel ekonomi üzerindeki etkileri göz önüne alındığında, yenilikçi tedavi stratejilerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, cinsiyet hormon terapileri COVID-19 hastaları için umut verici terapötik stratejiler sağlayabilir. Bu derlemede, COVID-19 enfeksiyonu prognozunda etkili olabilecek cinsiyet hormonlarının immün sistemdeki etkileri ve tedavi stratejileri üzerine yapılan çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Cinsiyet hormonlarının immün sistem üzerindeki etkileri dikkate alınarak uygulanan hormon tedavilerinin klinisyenlere yol göstereceğini ve COVID-19 tedavi protokollerine katkı sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• SARS-CoV-2
• cinsiyet hormonları
• immün yanıt
• hormon tedavisi

Effects of Sex Hormones on Immune Response in Covid-19

Öz

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that produces an intense inflammatory response, causing severe tissue damage, especially in the lung. Studies have reported that men with COVID-19 infection show more severe symptoms than women, and the risk of death from COVID-19 in the elderly population is higher than young people. The fact that COVID- 19 is more serious in men than in women suggests that sex hormones may have an effect on this situation. Differences in sex hormone levels in men and women significantly affect immune responses. Considering the effects of the COVID-19 pandemics on health systems and the global economy, innovative treatment strategies are needed. Accordingly, sex hormone therapies may provide promising therapeutic strategies for COVID-19 patients. In this review, studies on the effects of sex hormones on the immune system and treatment strategies that may be effective in the prognosis of COVID-19 infection were examined. Considering the effects of sex hormones on the immune system, we think that application of hormone treatment may be a guide for clinicians and contribute to COVID-19 treatment protocols.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• SARS-CoV-2
• sex hormones
• immune response
• hormone therapy

Kaynakça

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