Enfeksiyon Hastalıklarında Ferroptozun Rolü

Öz

Glutatyon (GSH) ve glutatyon peroksidaz 4 (Glutathione peroxidase 4; GPX4) gibi lipid onarım sistemleriyle kontrol edilen ve çoklu doymamış yağ asidi (polyunsaturated fatty acids; PUFA) biyosentezini de kapsayan, bir dizi enzimatik reaksiyon ile korele olan ölüm tipine ferroptoz adı verilir. Ferroptoz aynı zamanda, ferröz (Fe+2) demire bağımlı hücre ölüm tipi olarak tanımlanmıştır. Apoptoz, piroptoz, otofaji gibi diğer hücre ölüm yollarından farklı özellikler gösterir. Ferroptoz sırasında gözlemlenen en önemli morfolojik özellikler; mitokondride gözlenen küçülme ve membran yoğunluğudur. Biyokimyasal özellikler ise, hücre içi serbest demir miktarındaki artış ve lipid peroksidasyonudur. Ferroptoz, nörodejeneratif hastalıklar ve kanser gibi hastalıkların ortaya çıkmasında ve gelişiminde önemli rol oynaması nedeniyle çok sayıda araştırmanın odak noktası haline gelmiştir. Bu hastalıkların yanı sıra; GPX4, GSH aktivitesinde azalma ve ortamda reaktif oksijen türlerinin (ROT) birikimi gibi olaylar ile birçok enfeksiyon hastalığında da ferroptoz süreci görülebilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ferroptoz
• Demir
• Lipid peroksidasyonu
• GPX4
• Enfeksiyon

Ferroptosis in Infectious Diseases

Öz

The type of death that is controlled by lipid repair systems such as glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and correlates with a series of enzymatic reactions, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) biosynthesis, is called ferroptosis. Ferroptosis has also been defined as a ferrous (Fe+2) iron-dependent type of cell death. It shows different features from other cell death pathways such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy. The most important morphological features observed during ferroptosis; shrinkage and membrane density observed in mitochondria. Biochemical features are the increase in the amount of intracellular free iron and lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis has become the focus of numerous studies because it plays an important role in the emergence and development of diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Besides these diseases; Ferroptosis process can be seen in many infectious diseases with events such as decrease in GPX4, GSH activity and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the environment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ferroptosis
• Iron
• Lipid peroxidation
• GPX4
• Infection

Kaynakça

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