Fiziksel Aktivitenin Kısıtlanması: Yetişkin ve Yaşlı Yetişkin Bireyler Arasındaki Farklılıklar

Öz

Fiziksel hareketsizlik, vücut yapılarının ve işlevlerinin genelde azalma eğilimi gösterdiği ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, hipertansiyon, tip 2 diyabet, dislipidemi gibi hastalıkların oluşumu açısından risk artışına neden olan bir süreçtir. Koronavirüs (Covid-19) pandemisi ileri yaşlı kişilerde fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin azalmasına, fiziksel hareketsizliğin artmasına neden olmuştur. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin azalmasına neden olan bu pandemi döneminde ileri yaştaki bireylerin fiziksel hareketsizlik durumundan etkilenme riskleri genç yaşlardaki bireylere göre daha fazladır. Bu derlemede, fiziksel aktivite azlığının yaşlıların kas iskelet sisteminde ve performansında yaratacağı değişimler ile kronobiyolojik değişimler incelenmektedir. Ayrıca yetişkinler (18-64 yaş) ile yaşlı yetişkinler (≥65 yaş) arasında metabolik süreçler, kardiyak ve bağışıklık sistemi açısından görülen farklılıklar üzerinde durulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yaşlanma
• Pandemi
• Fiziksel Hareketsizlik
• Egzersiz

Restriction of Physical Activity: Differences Between Adults and Older Adult Individuals

Öz

Physical inactivity is a process in which body structures and functions generally tend to decrease and increase the risk of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. The coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic caused a decrease in physical activity levels and increased physical inactivity in elderly subjects. In this pandemic period, which causes a decrease in the level of physical activity, elderly individuals more affected by physical inactivity than younger individuals. In this review, the changes caused by lack of physical activity in the musculoskeletal system and performance of the elderly and the chronobiological changes are examined. In addition the differences in metabolic processes, cardiac and immune systems between adults (18-64 years) and older adults (≥65 years) are emphasized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aging
• Pandemic
• Physical Inactivity
• Exercise

Kaynakça

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