Yutma Bozukluklarında Tele-Sağlık Uygulamaları

Öz

Yutma bozukluğu birçok hasta grubunu etkileyebilen ve yarattığı komplikasyonlar nedeniyle erken dönemde sağlık hizmetlerine erişim gerektiren bir durumdur. Uzaklık, ekonomik kısıtlılıklar, hastalara ait hareket engeli, pandemi gibi bulaş riski yüksek durumlar yutma değerlendirmesi ve tedavisine erişimde engellere sebep olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle günümüzde, yutma bozukluklarında tele-sağlık uygulamalarının önemi artmıştır. Tele-sağlık uygulamaları hastalara bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri kullanarak uzak mesafeden sağlık hizmeti sağlanmasını ifade etmektedir. Bu uygulamalar yutma bozukluklarının değerlendirme ve tedavisinde hastalar ve klinisyenler açısından kolaylık sağlayabildiği gibi sağlık harcamalarında ciddi ölçüde azalmaya sebep olmaktadır. Tele-değerlendirme, klinik ve aletsel yutma değerlendirme basamaklarının çevrimiçi ortama adapte edilmesi yolu ile yapılabilmektedir. Farklı hasta gruplarında yapılan tele-değerlendirme çalışmalarında hasta memnuniyet düzeyleri ve yüz yüze değerlendirmeyle uyumun yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Tele-rehabilitasyon alanında yapılan çalışmalar az sayıda olsa da klinisyenlere yol göstermesi açısından ümit vericidir. Sonuç olarak, yutma bozukluklarında tele-sağlık uygulamaları gelişmekte olan bir alan olup bu alanda yapılan çalışmaların standardizasyona, yaygınlaştırılmaya ve kanıt düzeylerinin artırılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yutma
• disfaji
• telesağlık
• teledeğerlendirme
• telerehabilitasyon

Tele-Health Practices in Dysphagia

Öz

Dysphagia is a condition that can affect several patient groups, and requires access to health in the early period due to its complications. Distance, economical constraints, patients mobility obstacles, high risk of transmission such as pandemic may cause obstacles in accessing dysphagia assesment and treatment. Therefore, recently the importance of tele-health practices in dysphagia has increased. Tele-health practices refers to providing healthcare services to patients remotely by using information and communication technologies. These practices can provide convenience for patients and clinicians in the evaluation and treatment of dysphagia, as well as causing a significant reduction in health expenditures. Tele-assessment is performed by adapting clinical and instrumental swallowing assessment steps to online environment. In teleassessment studies conduction in different patient groups, patients’ satisfaction levels and agreement with face to face assessments were found to be high. Although there are few studies in tele-rehabilitation, it is promising to guide clinicians. In conclusion, tele-health practices in dysphagia is a developing field, and there is a need for standardization, dissemination and increasing the level of evidence in the field.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• swallowing
• dysphagia
• telehealth
• teleassesment
• telerehabilitation

Kaynakça

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