Araştırma Makalesi

Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin

Cilt: 10 Sayı: Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı 31 Ekim 2025
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Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin

Öz

This article examines the transformation of educational institutions in the Ottoman district of Mardin during the 19th century and early 20th century, with a particular focus on the Tanzimat and Hamidian periods. Drawing upon archival records, provincial yearbooks, and surviving architectural examples, the study explores how education became a strategic tool in the Ottoman Empire’s effort to centralise authority and cultivate loyalty among its diverse provincial populations. The establishment of modern state schools such as ibtidâî, rüşdiye, and idâdî, alongside teacher training colleges, reflected the central government’s intention to standardise education and produce a new class of civil servants. At the same time, traditional institutions such as madrasas and sıbyan mektebs continued to operate, illustrating a layered educational landscape where classical Islamic learning coexisted with modern bureaucratic goals. The article also considers the role of minority and missionary schools, particularly those of the Armenian, Chaldean and Syriac communities, as well as the Capuchin Catholic and American Protestant missionaries, and their interactions with state policy. The article highlights how education functioned as both a political instrument and a contested cultural field in the late Ottoman Empire through the lens of Mardin.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

I hereby declare that all the information presented in this article has been obtained in accordance with ethical principles and academic standards. I have adhered to the rules of scientific ethics and integrity at every stage of the research process, including preparation, data collection, documentation, analysis, and presentation. I have provided complete citations for all the sources I used and have included them in the bibliography. I also affirm that this work is original.

Teşekkür

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to PhD candidate Matthieu Gosse for kindly sharing the sources he collected on Mardin from archives in France. I am equally indebted to Mustafa Karataş for his invaluable assistance in classifying and transcribing the Ottoman documents, as well as the inscription of the Rüşdiye School. My deepest thanks also go to Metropolitan Saliba Özmen of the Dayr al-Zaʿfarān Monastery for generously offering his time and sharing essential information.

Kaynakça

  1. T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri Başkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi (Presidency of the Republic of Turkey Directorate of State Archives Ottoman Archives) (BOA):
  2. Dâhiliye Nezareti Tesri-i Muamelat Komisyonu (DH. TMIK).
  3. İrade Evkaf (İ. EV).
  4. İrade Maarif (İ. MF).
  5. Maarif Mekatib-i Gayrimüslime (MF. MGM).
  6. Maârif Nezâreti Mektubi Kalemi Evrakı (MF. MKT).
  7. Şûrâ-yî Devlet Evrakı (ŞD).
  8. Yıldız Perakende Umum Vilayetler (Y.PRK.UM).

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Osmanlı Arkeolojisi, Yakınçağ Kent Tarihi, Yakınçağ Osmanlı Tarihi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Ekim 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

9 Mayıs 2025

Kabul Tarihi

16 Temmuz 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 10 Sayı: Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı

Kaynak Göster

APA
Açıkyıldız, B. (2025). Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin. Vakanüvis - Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı), 1-43. https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1696364
AMA
1.Açıkyıldız B. Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin. VAKANÜVİS. 2025;10(Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı):1-43. doi:10.24186/vakanuvis.1696364
Chicago
Açıkyıldız, Birgül. 2025. “Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin”. Vakanüvis - Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi 10 (Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı): 1-43. https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1696364.
EndNote
Açıkyıldız B (01 Ekim 2025) Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin. Vakanüvis - Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi 10 Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı 1–43.
IEEE
[1]B. Açıkyıldız, “Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin”, VAKANÜVİS, c. 10, sy Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı, ss. 1–43, Eki. 2025, doi: 10.24186/vakanuvis.1696364.
ISNAD
Açıkyıldız, Birgül. “Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin”. Vakanüvis - Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi 10/Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı (01 Ekim 2025): 1-43. https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1696364.
JAMA
1.Açıkyıldız B. Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin. VAKANÜVİS. 2025;10:1–43.
MLA
Açıkyıldız, Birgül. “Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin”. Vakanüvis - Uluslararası Tarih Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 10, sy Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı, Ekim 2025, ss. 1-43, doi:10.24186/vakanuvis.1696364.
Vancouver
1.Birgül Açıkyıldız. Building Loyalty: The Role of Education in Ottoman Provincial Policy - The Case of Mardin. VAKANÜVİS. 01 Ekim 2025;10(Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı):1-43. doi:10.24186/vakanuvis.1696364


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