An Overview of the Royal Geographical Society and Its Activities

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: Dr. Selma Pehlivan'a Armağan, 1959 - 1997, 31.12.2024

Fatma Erkaya Topcu , Cengiz Kartın

https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1535148

Öz

The 15th and 16th centuries in Europe were a period of major events such as Humanism, Reformation, Renaissance and Geographical Discoveries. There were some developments that would lead to the revival of the science of geography depending on these important factors that occurred in the last centuries of the Middle Ages. These developments can be summarised as the discovery of new lands, developments in cartography, various scientific and technological inventions and travels popularised by the magnetic compass and the development of navigation. These developments enabled Europe's economic expansion and the establishment of a global dominance. Britain, which was the first to industrialise and establish global dominance with the process of change known as the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, was the most powerful imperialist state in the world until recently. The Royal Geographical Society, which was established as a result of these developments in Europe, is an organisation that could produce data that would serve the imperialist expansion and where geography and cartography activities were carried out. This article is a study of the foundation, development, structure, aims and work of the Royal Geographical Society, founded in London in 1830.

Anahtar Kelimeler

England, Geography, Discoveries, The Royal Geographical Society, Travel

Kraliyet Coğrafya Topluluğuna ve Faaliyetlerine Genel Bir Bakış

Öz

Avrupa’da XV ve XVI. yüzyıllar Hümanizm, Reform, Rönesans ve Coğrafi Keşifler gibi önemli olayların yaşandığı bir dönem olmuştur. Ortaçağ’ın son asırlarında meydana gelen bu önemli etkenlere bağlı olarak coğrafya ilminin yeniden canlanmasına neden olacak bazı gelişmeler yaşanmıştır. Bu gelişmeler yeni toprakların keşfi, haritacılıktaki gelişmeler, çeşitli bilimsel ve teknolojik buluşlar, navigasyonun gelişmesi ve manyetik pusula ile popüler hale gelen seyahatler şeklinde özetlenebilir. Meydana gelen bu gelişmeler Avrupa’nın iktisadi yayılmasını ve küresel bir egemenlik kurmasını sağlamıştır. XVIII. yüzyılda Sanayi Devrimi olarak bilinen değişim süreciyle ilk sanayileşen ve küresel egemenliği kuran İngiltere yakın tarihlere kadar dünyanın en güçlü emperyalist devleti olmuştur. Avrupa’daki bu gelişmelerin sonucu olarak kurulan Kraliyet Coğrafya Derneği ‘de emperyalist yayılmaya hizmet edecek verileri üretebilecek, coğrafya ve haritacılık faaliyetlerinin yürütüldüğü bir kurumdur. Bu çalışma 1830 yılında Londra’da kurulan Kraliyet Coğrafya Derneği’nin kuruluşu, gelişimi, yapısı, hedefleri ve çalışması üzerine bir incelemedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İngiltere, Coğrafya, Keşifler, Kraliyet Coğrafya Derneği, Seyahat

Kaynakça

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