Investigation of the Effect of Malva Plant (Malvasylvestris L.) on Skin Fungus in Cattle

Öz

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the Malva sylvestris L. (MS) plant on the cutaneous fungus (Trichophytosis, Ringworm) in cattle. The research was carried out on a total of 20 cattle of 6 to 20 months of different races and genders in the Ardahan region. Animals diagnosed with Trichophytosis were divided as control (n=10) and experimental (n=10) groups. No substances were used in the control group. The extract of MS was sprayed with an atomizer onto the lesions of the experimental group. Spraying was done to cover the area where the lesions were located and wet enough. The procedure was conducted twice daily (morning and evening) and for 15 days. Starting from the pre-application (0th day) until the 36th day at intervals of two days, the lesion diameters of the cattle in the control and the experimental group were measured and recorded. At the end of the monitoring period (36th day), the diameter of the lesion was enlarged (29.20±3.58 mm) in the control group and reduced (6.60±5.16 mm) in the experimental group. This difference between the lesion diameters of the control and the experimental groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). In this study, it was concluded that the MS extract applied to the bovine skin fungus inhibited the growth of lesions and reduced their size. It is thought that MS extract can be used locally in the treatment of Trichophytosis in cattle.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cattle
• Malva sylvestris
• Trichophytosis

Malva Bitkisinin (Malva sylvestris L.) Sığırlarda Deri Mantarı Üzerine Etkisinin Araştırılması

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı Malva sylvestris L. (MS) bitkisinin sığırlarda deri mantarı (Trikofitoz, Ringworm) üzerine etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırma Ardahan yöresinde ırk ve cinsiyetleri farklı, 6-20 aylık toplam 20 sığır üzerinde yürütüldü. Trikofitoz tanısı konan sığırlar kontrol (n=10) ve deneme (n=10) grubuna ayrıldı. Kontrol grubuna herhangi bir madde uygulanmadı. Deneme grubunda bulunan hayvanların lezyonları üzerine MS ekstresi atomizer ile püskürtüldü. Püskürtme işlemi lezyonların bulunduğu alanı kaplayacak ve yeteri kadar ıslatacak şekilde yapıldı. Bu işleme günde iki kez (sabah ve akşam) ve 15 gün boyunca devam edildi. Uygulama öncesinden (0.gün) başlayıp iki gün arayla 36. güne kadar kontrol ve deneme grubunda bulunan sığırların lezyon çapları ölçülerek kayıt edildi. Takip süresi (36. gün) sonunda kontrol grubunda lezyon çapının büyüdüğü (29.20±3.58 mm), deneme grubunda ise küçüldüğü (6.60±5.16 mm) görüldü. Kontrol ve deneme guruplarında lezyon çapları arasındaki bu fark istatistiksel olarak önemli (p<0.05) bulundu. Bu araştırmada sığır deri mantarı üzerine uygulanan MS ekstresi, lezyonların büyümesini durdurarak çaplarını küçülttüğü sonucuna varıldı. Sığırlarda Trikofitoz tedavisinde MS ekstresinin lokal olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ebegümeci
• Sığır
• Trikofitoz

Kaynakça

1. Abdullah TK, Wadee SA, Owain MS (2021). Isolation, diagnosis and incidence of ringworm in cattle in Salah Al-Din Governorate. Vet Pract,22 (2), 62-64.
2. Al-Farha AAB, Mahmood AA (2021). Evaluation of three topical antifungals against bovine ringworm. Vet Pract, 22 (2), 41-44.
3. Alizadeh F, Khodavandi A, Faraji FS (2017). Malva sylvestris inhibits Candida albicans biofilm formation. J HerbMed Pharmacol, 6 (2), 62-68.
4. Apaydin YB (2020). Evaluation of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in native and crossbred cattle naturally infected with dermatophytosis. GSC Biol Pharm Sci,13 (2), 99-104.
5. Arda M (1997). Temel Mikrobiyoloji. 1. Baskı. Medisan Yayınevi, Ankara.
6. Barros L, Carvalho AM, Ferreira ICFR (2010). Leaves, flowers, immature fruits and leafy flowered stems of Malva sylvestris: A comparative study of the nutraceutical potential and composition. Food Chem Toxicol, 48 (6), 1466-1472.
7. Cardoso AMR, Cavalcanti YW, de Almeida L de FD, de Lima Pérez ALA, Padilha WWN (2012). Antifungal activity of plant-based tinctures on Candida. Rev Bras Odontol, 9 (1), 25-30.
8. Cushnie TPT, Lamb AJ (2005). Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 26 (5), 343-356.

9. Feizi S, Taghipour E, Ghadam P, Mohammadi P (2018). Antifungal, antibacterial, antibiofilm and colorimetric sensing of toxic metals activities of eco friendly, economical synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles using Malva sylvestris leaf extracts. Microb Pathog, 125, 33-42.
10. Hajyani S, Modaresi M, Madani M (2015). Effect of Malva sylvestris L. extract on blood cell parameters in mice with Candida albicans Infection. Der Pharma Chem, 7 (5), 302-305.
11. Hizli H (2020). A study on the use of henna plant (Lawsonia inermis Linn) for the treatment of fungal disease (Trichophypton verrucosum) in calves. J Hell Vet Medical Soc, 71 (4), 2483-2490.
12. Hussain L, Ikram J, Rehman K et al. (2014). Hepatoprotective effects of Malva sylvestris L. against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Turk J Biol, 38 (3), 396-402.
13. Jabri MA, Wannes D, Hajji N et al. (2017). Role of laxative and antioxidant properties of Malva sylvestris leaves in constipation treatment. Biomed Pharmacother, 89, 29-35.
14. Marouane W, Soussi A, Murat JC, Bezzine S, El Feki A (2011). The protective effect of Malva sylvestris on rat kidney damaged by vanadium. Lipids Health Dis, 10 (1), 1-8.
15. Nasiri E, Hosseinimehr SJ, Azadbakht M et al. (2015). Effect of Malva sylvestris cream on burn injury and wounds in rats. Avicenna J Phytomed, 5 (4), 341-354.
16. Parveen S, Wani AH, Ganie AA, Pala SA, Mir RA (2014). Antifungal activity of some plant extracts on some pathogenic fungi. Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot, 47 (3), 279-284.
17. Prudente AS, Sponchiado G, Mendes DAGB et al. (2017). Pre-clinical efficacy assessment of Malva sylvestris on chronic skin inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother, 93, 852-860.
18. Saad AB, Rjeibi I, Alimi H et al. (2017). Lithium induced, oxidative stress and related damages in testes and heart in male rats: The protective effects of Malva sylvestris extract. Biomed Pharmacother,86, 127-135.
19. Saad AB, Rjeibi I, Brahmi D et al. (2016). Malva sylvestris extract protects upon lithium carboante-induced kidney damages in male rat. Biomed Pharmacother,84, 1099–1107.
20. Seçmen Ö, Gemici Y, Görk G, Bekat L, Leblebici E (2011).Tohumlu Bitkiler Sistematiği. 9.baskı. Ege Üniversitesi Yayınevi, İzmir.
21. Seddighfar M, Mirghazanfari SM, Dadpay M (2020). Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of hydroalcoholic extracts of Malva sylvestris, Carum carvi or Medicago sativa, and their combination in a rat model. J Integr Med, 18 (2), 181-188.
22. Tartor YH, El-Neshwy WM, Merwad AMA et al. (2020). Ringworm in calves: Risk factors, improved molecular diagnosis, and therapeutic efficacy of an Aloe vera gel extract. BMC Vet Res, 16 (1), 1-15.
23. Yarijani ZM, Godini A, Madani SH, Najafi H (2018). Reduction of cisplatin-induced renal and hepatic side effects in rat through antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of Malva sylvestris L. extract. Biomed Pharmacother, 106, 1767-1774.
24. Zohra SF, Meriem B, Samira S (2013). Some extracts of mallow plant and its role in health. APCBEE Procedia, 5, 546-550.
25. Zuo H, Li Y, Cui Y, An Y (2017). Cardioprotective effect of Malva sylvestris L. in myocardial ischemic/reprefused rats. Biomed Pharmacother, 95, 679-684.