Evaluation of Oxidative Status and Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis in Cows with Subclinical Hypocalcemia

Öz

This study aimed to investigate the effects of subclinical hypocalcemia (SCH), identified on the 10th day postpartum in dairy cows, on serum levels of energy metabolites [glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol], liver enzymes [aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)], minerals [calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg)], and oxidative stress markers [total thiol (TTHIOL), native thiol (NTHIOL), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS)]. The study material consisted of 23 cows with SCH, which were clinically healthy but had serum calcium levels <8.5 mg/dL, and 14 healthy cows with serum calcium levels >8.5 mg/dL. Serum concentrations of AST, ALT, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, Mg, P, and Ca were measured using an autoanalyzer, while TAS, TOS, NTHIOL, and TTHIOL levels were determined spectrophotometrically. Serum Ca concentration was found to be significantly (p<0.001) lower in the SCH group. No significant differences were detected between the groups in terms of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, ALT, AST, Mg, and P levels. TAS and TOS values showed no significant differences; however, NTHIOL and TTHIOL levels were significantly (p<0.05) lower in the SCH group. SCH adversely affects not only calcium metabolism but also the antioxidant defense system, leading to an imbalance in thiol-disulfide homeostasis. Therefore, SCH should be considered a metabolic condition that increases oxidative stress burden.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Oxidative stress
• Subclinical hypocalcemia
• TAS
• THIOL
• TOS

Etik Beyan

The study was conducted following ethical approval from the Local Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments at Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University (06.03.2025/T2025-), with all methods adhering to the committee's regulations.

Subklinik Hipokalsemili İneklerde Oksidatif Durum ve Tiyol-Disülfit Homeostazının Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, doğumdan sonraki 10. günde süt ineklerinde belirlenen subklinik hipokalseminin (SCH), enerji metabolitleri [glikoz, trigliserit ve kolesterol], karaciğer enzimleri [aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) ve alanin aminotransferaz (ALT)], mineraller [kalsiyum (Ca), fosfor (P) ve magnezyum (Mg)] ile oksidatif stres belirteçleri [toplam tiyol (TTHIOL), nativ tiyol (NTHIOL), total oksidan durum (TOS) ve total antioksidan durum (TAS)] üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışma materyalini, klinik olarak sağlıklı ancak serum kalsiyum düzeyleri <8.5 mg/dL olan 23 SCH’li inek ile serum kalsiyum düzeyleri >8.5 mg/dL olan 14 sağlıklı inek oluşturmuştur. Serum AST, ALT, glikoz, trigliserit, kolesterol, Mg, P ve Ca konsantrasyonları otoanalizör kullanılarak ölçülmüş; TAS, TOS, NTHIOL ve TTHIOL düzeyleri ise spektrofotometrik yöntemle belirlenmiştir. SCH grubunda serum Ca konsantrasyonu anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur (p<0.001). Glikoz, trigliserit, kolesterol, ALT, AST, Mg ve P düzeyleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır. TAS ve TOS değerleri arasında da anlamlı fark gözlenmemiştir; ancak NTHIOL ve TTHIOL düzeyleri SCH grubunda anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur (p<0.05). SCH, yalnızca kalsiyum metabolizmasını değil, aynı zamanda antioksidan savunma sistemini de olumsuz etkileyerek tiyol-disülfit homeostazında dengesizliğe yol açmaktadır. Bu nedenle SCH, oksidatif stres yükünü artıran bir metabolik durum olarak değerlendirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Oksidatif Stres
• Subklinik hipokalsemi
• TAS
• THIOL
• TOS

Etik Beyan

Çalışma, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Hayvan Deneyleri Yerel Etik Kurulu’ndan alınan etik onay (06.03.2025/T2025-) doğrultusunda yürütülmüş olup, tüm yöntemler kurulun düzenlemelerine uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.

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