The Insidious Disorder Hiding Behind Aging: Canine Cognitive Disorder

Öz

Canine cognitive disorder (CDS) is a neurodegenerative, progressive, and irreversible disorder of senior dogs, generally over eight years old. CDS is characterized by a decrease in cognitive functions. Clinically significant changes in dog’s behavior and daily routines including disorientation, decrease in social interactions, changes in sleep-wake cycles, loss of household habits, poor communication, increased anxiety, and changes in activity levels with the potential to create significant problems and discomfort in the lifestyle of the owners, deteriorating pet-owner attachment and generally be frustrating for the owner. The definite diagnosis depends on brain biopsies, and there is no confirmed clinical diagnosis method developed, meeting the whole criteria of CDS. The owner assessment using several scales available is the primary tool to rely on, which has a high potential to be subjective. Although it still has many dark sides, CDS is a disease with convenient diagnostic and therapeutic strategies available. Veterinarians need to consider this disease in geriatric patients and cooperate by increasing owner awareness, stopping or at least slowing down the disease in elderly dogs, and making the geriatric period more comfortable for both the dog and the owner. This review aims to introduce current information in the diagnosis and treatment of CDS.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• cognitive behavioral therapy
• cognitive disorder
• cognitive dysfuntion
• cognitive therapy
• dementia
• dogs

Köpeklerin Yaşlanmaya Bağlı Bilişsel Bozukluğu

Öz

Köpek bilişsel bozukluğu (CDS), genellikle 8 yaşın üzerindeki yaşlı köpeklerde görülen nörodejeneratif, progresif ve geri dönüşümsüz bir bozukluktur. CDS, klinik olarak bilişsel işlevlerde azalma, günlük rutinlerinde önemli değişiklikler ve davranışlarda oryantasyon bozukluğu, sosyal etkileşimlerde azalma, uyku-uyanma döngülerinde değişiklikler, ev alışkanlıklarının kaybı, zayıf iletişim, artan anksiyete ve aktivite düzeylerinde değişiklikler dahil olmak üzere değişiklikler ile karakterizedir. Bu değişiklikler sahiplerin yaşam tarzlarında önemli sorunlar, ciddi rahatsızlık oluşturma, köpek ve sahip arası iletişimin bozulması potansiyeli barındırmasının yanı sıra bazen köpek sahibi için dayanılmaz olma durumu vardır. Kesin tanı beyin biyopsilerine dayanmaktadır ve CDS'nin tüm kriterlerini karşılayan doğrulanmış bir klinik tanı yöntemi geliştirilmemiştir. Mevcut olan bir dizi ölçeğin sahiplerin görüşü doğrultusunda değerlendirilmesi, güvenilecek birincil araçtır ve öznel olma potansiyeli yüksektir. Hala birçok karanlık tarafı olmasına rağmen, CDS, kullanışlı tanı ve tedavi stratejileri olan bir hastalıktır. Veteriner hekimlerin geriatrik hastalarda bu hastalığı göz önünde bulundurması ve sahiplerin hastalık konusunda farkındalığını artırarak iş birliği yapması, yaşlı köpeklerde hastalığı durdurması veya en azından yavaşlatması ve geriatrik dönemi hem köpek hem de sahibi için daha konforlu hale getirmesi önemlidir. Bu derleme, CDS'nin tanı ve tedavisinde güncel bilgileri sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• bilişsel davranışçı terapi
• bilişsel bozukluk
• bilişsel tedavi
• demans
• köpekler

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