The Effect of Pennyroyal (Mentha Pulegium L.) on Growth Performance and Some Serum Biochemical Parameters in New Zealand Rabbits

Öz

This study was to identify the effects of dried aerial parts powder pennyroyal added to rabbit diets on growth performance and some serum biochemical parameters. The research utilized 15 New Zealand rabbits weighing 2-2.1 kg on average. It employed control and two experimental groups with five rabbits each. All rabbits were hosted in individual cages. While basal diet was provided to the control group, pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) powder was given at 0.1% (P1) and 0.2% (P2) levels to the treatment groups, respectively. The trial lasted for 28 days. It was measured body weight and feed consumption of animals at the beginning and end of the experiment. Blood samples were taken from rabbits on days 0, 14 and 28 of the study and the changes of serum biochemical parameters throughout the study were analyzed. There were no differences between the groups in terms of performance parameters (P>0.05). It was observed that the high point result was that the pennyroyal lowered the serum cholesterol level (P<0.05). However, pennyroyal did not affect other biochemical parameters (P>0.05). In conclusion, it was noted that pennyroyal might be used as an alternative growth promoter and cholesterol regulator to rabbit diets. In particular, up to 0.2% pennyroyal may utilize in rabbit diets.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biochemical parameters
• cholesterol
• rabbit
• Mentha pulegium
• Performance

Yarpuzun (Mentha pulegium L.) Yeni Zelanda tavşanlarında büyüme performansı ve bazı serum biyokimyasal parametreleri üzerine etkisi.

Öz

Bu çalışma, tavşan diyetlerine ilave edilen yarpuzun (Mentha pulegium L.) büyüme performansı ve bazı serum biyokimyasal parametreleri üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada ortalama 2-2.1 kg ağırlığında 15 Yeni Zelanda tavşanı kullanıldı. Her birinde beş tavşan bulunan kontrol ve iki deneme grubu dizayn edildi. Tüm tavşanlar bireysel kafeslerde barındırıldı. Kontrol grubuna bazal diyet verilirken, deneme gruplarına sırasıyla %0,1 (P1) ve %0,2 (P2) seviyelerinde yarpuz verildi. Deneme 28 günde tamamlandı. Canlı ağırlık ve yem tüketimleri deneme başı ve sonunda yapılan tartımlarla belirlendi. Çalışmanın 0, 14 ve 28. günlerinde tavşanlardan kan örnekleri alınarak serum biyokimyasal parametrelerinin çalışma boyunca değişimi analiz edildi. Performans parametreleri açısından gruplar arasında fark bulunmadı (P>0.05). Yarpuzun serum kolesterol seviyesini düşürmesinin en önemli konu olduğu gözlendi (P<0.05). Ancak yarpuz diğer biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine etkisi olmadı (P>0.05). Sonuç olarak, yarpuzun tavşan diyetlerine alternatif bir büyüme destekleyici ve kolesterol düzenleyici olarak kullanılabileceği kaydedildi. Özellikle tavşan diyetlerinde %0.2'ye kadar yarpuz kullanılabileceği kanaati oluşmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• biyokimyasal parametreler
• kolesterol
• performans
• tavşan
• Mentha pulegium

Kaynakça

1. Abd-El-Hady A (2014). Performance, physiological parameters and slaughter characteristics in growing rabbits as affected by a herbal feed additives (DIGESTAROM). J Int Sci Publ Agric Food, 2, 353-365.
2. Abd El-Hady A, El-Ghalid O, El-Raffa A (2013). Influence of a herbal feed additives (Digestarom®) on productive performance and blood constituents of growing rabbits. Egypt J Anim Prod, 50 (1), 27-37.
3. Abedini A, Hassanabadi A, Afzali N, Kermanshahi H (2017). The effect of different dietary levels of Pennyroyal (Mentha Pulegium L.), probiotic and antibiotic on performance, carcass characteristics and, sellected nutrients digestibility in broiler chickens. Arch Med Lab Sci, 3 (2), 15-22
4. Adibmoradi M, Navidshad B, Seifdavati J, Royan M (2006). Effect of dietary garlic meal on histological structure of small intestine in broiler chickens. J Poult Sci, 43 (4), 378-383.
5. Ahmed A, Ayoub K, Chaima AJ, Hanaa L, Abdelaziz C (2018). Effect of drying methods on yield, chemical composition and bioactivities of essential oil obtained from Moroccan Mentha pulegium L. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol, 16, 638-643.
6. Al-Jamal A-R and Alqadi T (2011). Effects of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) on lipid profile of diabetic rats. Jordan J Biol Sci, 147 (622), 1-5.
7. Alagawany M, Ashour EA, Reda FM (2016). Effect of dietary supplementation of garlic (Allium sativum) and Turmeric (Curcuma longa) on growth performance, carcass traits, blood profile and oxidative status in growing rabbits. Ann Anim Sci, 16 (2), 489-505.
8. Basavaraj M, Nagabhushana V, Prakash N, et al. (2011). Effect of dietary supplementation of Curcuma longa on the biochemical profile and meat characteristics of broiler rabbits under summer stress. Vet World, 4 (1), 15.

9. Bäuerl C, Collado MC, Zúñiga M, et al.(2014). Changes in cecal microbiota and mucosal gene expression revealed new aspects of epizootic rabbit enteropathy. PloS one, 9 (8), e105707.
10. Benlemlih M, Barchan A, Aarab A, Bakkali M, Arakrak A et al. (2020). Effect of Dietary Dried Fennel and Oregano and Thyme Supplementation on Zootechnical Parameters of Growing Rabbits. World, 10 (3), 332-337.
11. Botsoglou N, Florou-Paneri P, Christaki E, Giannenas I, Spais A (2004). Performance of rabbits and oxidative stability of muscle tissues as affected by dietary supplementation with oregano essential oil. Arch Anim Nutr, 58 (3), 209-218.
12. Cardinali R, Cullere M, Dal Bosco A, et al. (2015). Oregano, rosemary and vitamin E dietary supplementation in growing rabbits: Effect on growth performance, carcass traits, bone development and meat chemical composition. Livest Sci, 175, 83-89.
13. Cengiz S, Yesilbag D, Eren M, et al. (2016). Effects of volatile oil additives on growth, carcass performances, and calcium and phosphorus concentrations in serum and bone of broilers. Rev Med Vet (Toulouse), 167 (7-8), 230-239.
14. Cesari V, Toschi I, Pisoni A, Grilli G, Cesari N (2008). Effect of dietary acidification on growth performance and caecal characteristics in rabbits. Proc 9th World Rabbit Congress.
15. Chen G, Wu J, Li C (2013). The effect of different selenium levels on production performance and biochemical parameters of broilers. Ital J Anim Sci, 12 (4), e79.
16. El-Azeem A, Ahmed E, Al-Sagheer AA, Daader A, Bassiony S (2019). Effect of dietary supplementation with betaine, thyme oil and their mixtures on productive performance of growing rabbits. Zagazig J Agric Res, 46 (3), 815-828.
17. El-Gogary M, El-Said E, Mansour A (2018). Physiological and immunological effects of rosemary essential oil in growing rabbit diets. J Agric Sci, 10, 485-491.
18. El-kaiaty AM, El-Moghazy GM, El-Manylawi MAF, Abdel-Mageed MGY (2020). Impact of thyme oil and lactobacillus acidophilus as natural growth promoters on performance, blood parameters and immune status in growing rabbits. J World's Poult Res, 10 (1), 1-11.
19. Elshafie HS and Camele I (2017). An overview of the biological effects of some mediterranean essential oils on human health. Biomed Res Int, 2017, ID9268468.
20. Elson C and Qureshi A (1995). Coupling the cholesterol-and tumor-suppressive actions of palm oil to the impact of its minor constituents on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent, 52 (2-3), 205-208.
21. Erdelyi M, Matics Z, Gerencsér Z et al. (2008). Study of the effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and garlic (Allium sativum) essential oils on the performance of rabbit. 9th World Rabbit Congress–June.
22. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C (2000). Physician’s desk reference (pdr) for herbal medicines. Medical Economics Company.
23. Halls AE (2010). Nutritional requirements for rabbits. Retrieved September, 21, 2014.
24. Ibrahim SA, El-Ghamry A, El-Mallah G (2000). Effect of some medicinal plants of Labiatae family as feed additives on growth and metabolic changes of rabbits. Egyptian J Rab Sci, 10 (1), 105-120.
25. Ishtiaq S, Ahmad M, Hanif U, Akbar S, Kamran SH (2014). Phytochemical and in vitro antioxidant evaluation of different fractions of Amaranthus graecizans subsp. silvestris (Vill.) Brenan. Asian Pac J Trop Med, 7, 342-347.
26. Khaksar V, Van Krimpen M, Hashemipour H, Pilevar M (2012). Effects of thyme essential oil on performance, some blood parameters and ileal microflora of Japanese quail. J Poult Sci, 49 (2), 106-110.
27. Losa R and Kohler B (2001). Prevention of colonisation of Clostridium perfringens in broilers intestine by essential oils. Proc 13th Eur Symp Poult Nutr, Blankenberge (Belgium).
28. Makav M and Ölmez M (2021). Effects of Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) on angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ace-2) and antioxidant parameters in rabbits. J VetBio Sci Tech, 6 (1), 9-14.
29. Moore JE (2010). Natural standard herb and supplement guide: An evidence-based reference. Ulster Med J, 79 (3), 152-153.
30. Ölmez M, Adıgüzel Işık S, Şahı̇n T, Yörük M (2021). The effects of Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) on performance, carcass and meat quality in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 68 (4), 2343-2348.
31. Ölmez M, Şahin T, Karadağoğlu Ö, et al. (2020). The impact of an essential oil mixture on growth performance and intestinal histology in native Turkish geese (Anser anser). Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 26 (5), 625-631.
32. Pebriansyah A, Lukešová D, Knížková I, Silberová P, Kunc P (2019). The effect of natural phytoadditive silybum marianum on performance of broiler rabbits. Sci Agric Bohem, 50 (1), 40-45.
33. Peiretti P, Masoero G, Meineri G (2011). Effects of replacing palm oil with maze oil and Curcuma longa supplementation on the performances, carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acid profile of the perirenal fat and muscle of growing rabbits. Anim, 5 (5), 795-801.
34. Placha I, Chrastinova L, Laukova A, et al. (2013). Effect of thyme oil on small intestine integrity and antioxidant status, phagocytic activity and gastrointestinal microbiota in rabbits. Acta Vet Hung, 61 (2), 197.
35. Reyan Mohasesi A, Darmani Koohi H, Naseri Harsini R, Mirza Aghazadeh A, Kioumarsi H (2020). Effect of Pennyroyal (Mentha Pulegium L.) on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Some of the Blood Parameters in Broilers. J Environ Res Technol, 6 (6), 71.
36. Rotolo L, Gai F, Nicola S, et al. (2013). Dietary supplementation of oregano and sage dried leaves on performances and meat quality of rabbits. J Integr Agric, 12 (11), 1937-1945.
37. Sakthi Priya M, Gopala Krishna Murthy T, Vijayanand T (2017). Effect of blend herbal supplement on haematology and serum biochemistry in commercial layer chicken. J World Poult Res, 7 (2), 48-56.
38. Sunarno S, Zubaedah S, Rini ANS, Sekarsari E, Rahadian R (2019). Cinnamon and gotu kola supplementation to produce high antioxidant and low cholesterol of quail pectoral meat. Biosaintifika J Biol Biol Educ, 11 (1), 148-155.
39. Şahin T, Karadağoğlu Ö, Sarı M (2012). Effects of Ground Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea)Supplementation Quail Diets on Growth Performance and Carcass Traits. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 18 (1), 15-19.
40. Şahin T, Sural T, Ölmez M, Karadağoğlu Ö (2020). Effects of herbal extract mixtures on performance, carcass yield and some ınternal organ weight in broilers. Vet Hek Der Derg, 91 (2), 137-146.
41. Tousson E, El-Moghazy M, El-Atrsh E (2011). The possible effect of diets containing Nigella sativa and Thymus vulgaris on blood parameters and some organs structure in rabbit. Toxicol Ind Health, 27 (2), 107-116.
42. Velpandian T, Jasuja R, Bhardwaj R, Jaiswal J, Gupta S (2001). Piperine in food: interference in the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet, 26 (4), 241-247.
43. Wahyuni AETH, Prakasita VC, Nahak TEM, et al. (2019). Peluang imbuhan pakan herbal-probiotik komersial “promix®” sebagai pengganti antibiotic growth promoter (agp) pada ayam pedaging yang diberi vaksin ND. J Sain Vet, 37 (2), 180-184.
44. Zengin G, Aumeeruddy-Elalfi Z, Mollica A, Yilmaz MA, Mahomoodally MF (2018). In vitro and in silico perspectives on biological and phytochemical profile of three halophyte species—A source of innovative phytopharmaceuticals from nature. Phytomedicine, 38, 35-44.
45. Zeweil H, Zahran S, Ahmed M, Morshedy S, El-Mabrok B (2017). Effects of essential oils supplementation on growth performance, digestibility coefficients and carcass characteristics of growing rabbits. J Adv Agric Res, 22 (4), 650-660.