BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Bebek Sütü ve Devam Formüllerinin Mikrobiyolojik Kalitelerinin Araştırılması

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 31 - 34, 01.04.2015

Öz

Bu araştırma bebek sütü ve devam formüllerinin mikrobiyolojik kalitelerinin belirlenmesi ve halk sağlığı
açısından değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Kars ilinde satışa sunulan 5 farklı firmaya ait toplam 50
adet bebek sütü ve devam formülü (kavanoz veya toz formda/doğumdan itibaren-6 aylık) alınmış ve
mikrobiyolojik kaliteleri klasik kültür tekniği ile belirlenmiştir. Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bebek Mamaları-Bebek
Formülleri ve Bebek-Küçük Çocuk Ek Gıdaları Tebliği’nde verilen mikrobiyolojik kriterlere göre 1 örnek (%2)
toplam aerobik mezofilik canlı sayısı, 11 örnek (%22) koliform bakteri sayısı, 8 örnek (%16) toplam maya ve
küf sayısı ve 5 örnek (%10) B. cereus sayısı bakımından uygun bulunmamıştır. Ayrıca 3 örnekte (%6) L.
monocytogenes, 2 örnekte (%4) Salmonella spp, 5 örnekte (%10) B. cereus, 7 örnekte (%14) E. coli tespit
edilmiştir. Bu durumda analiz edilen 50 örneğin 13 (%26) adedinin Tebliğ’e uygun olmadığı bebeklerde ciddi
sağlık sorunlarına neden olabilecek patojen mikroorganizma içerdikleri belirlenmiştir. Bebek mamaları ve
devam formüllerinin özellikle bebeklerde gıda kaynaklı zehirlenmeler açısından potansiyel bir kaynak
olabilecekleri ve bebekler için büyük bir risk oluşturdukları görülmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • Andrews WH, Hammack T (1995). Salmonella. Chapter 5. In: Bacteriological Analytic Manual, 8th Edt, FDA, US.
  • Anonymous (2007). Enterobacter sakazakii and other microorganisms in powdered infant formula: Meeting report. World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization Microbiological Risk Assessment Series 6. 2007; Last reviewed/updated 23 February, ISBN: 92 4 156262 5 (WHO)
  • Anonymous (2009a). Turkish Food Codex (TFC) Regulation. Communique amending the communique on infant formulae. Republic of Turkey Official Newspaper Number 06.02.2009 - 27133, Communication Number 2009/9. Ankara, Turkey.
  • Anonymous (2009b). Turkish Food Codex (TFC) Regulation. Infants and young children amendment the communique amending the communique on. Republic of Turkey Official Newspaper Number 06.02.2009-27133, No:2009-11. Ankara, Turkey.
  • Anonymus (2002 a, b). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Isolation and enumeration of Enterobacter sakazakii from dehydrated powdered infant formula. http://www.fda.gov/default.htm Access: 01.08.2014
  • Baumgartner A, Grand M, Liniger M, Iversen C (2009). Detection and frequency of Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) in different categories of ready-to-eat foods other than infant formula. Int J Food Microbiol, 136, 189-192.
  • Brouard C, Espıé E, Weill FX, Kérouanton A, Brisabois A, Forgue AM, Vaillant V, De Valk H (2007). Two consecutive large outbreaks of Salmonella enterica serotype Agona infections in infants linked to the consumption of powdered infant formula. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 26, 148152.
  • Chap J, Jackson P, Siqueira R, Gaspar N, Quintas C, Park J, Osaili T, Shaker R, Jaradat Z, Hartantyo SHP, Abdullah Sani N, Estuningsih S, Forsythe SJ (2009). International survey of Cronobacter sakazaki and other Cronabacter spp in follow up formulas and infant foods. Int J Food Microbiol, 136, 185-188.
  • Codex Alimentarius Commission (2008). Code of hygienic practice for powdered formulae for infants and young children. CAC/RCP 66.
  • Ergün F, Ergün Ö (1994). Ülkemizde tüketime sunulan yerli ve ithal bebek mamalarının genel mikrobiyolojik kaliteleri ve bazı patojenlerin varlığı yönünden incelenmesi. Gıda, 19, 373-376.
  • Ergün Ö, Aksu H, Arun ÖÖ, Çolak H (2002). Ülkemizde satılan bebek ve çocuk mamalarında gıda zehirlenmesine neden olan önemli bazı mikroorganizmaların varlığı üzerine araştırmalar. Gıda, 27, 253-257.
  • Farmer JJ, Kelly MT (1992). Enterobacteriaceae. In: A. Balows (editor). Manual of Clinical Microbiology. ASM, Washington, DC. pp. 360-383.
  • Feng P, Weagant SD (2011). Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Chapter 4a. In: Bacteriological Analytical Manual, FDA, US.
  • Halkman AK (2005). Merck Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi Uygulamaları. Başak Matbaacılık Ltd Şti, Ankara.
  • Hanson LA, Korotkova M, Telemo E (2003). Breast-feeding, infant formulas, and the immune system. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 90, 59-63.
  • Harrigan WF (1998). Laboratory Methods in Food Microbiology. Third ed., Academic Press, California, USA.
  • Hitchins AD (2011). Detection and Enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes in Foods. Chapter 10. In: Bacteriological Analytic Manual, FDA, US. ISO 6579 (2002). International Organization for Standardization. Microbiology - General guidance on methods for the detection of Salmonella, International Organization for Standardization, Geneve, Switzerland.
  • Iversen C, Forsythe S (2004). Isolation of Enterobacter sakazakii and other Enterobacteriaceae from powdered infant Formula milk and related products. Food Microbiol, 21, 771-777.
  • Iversen C, Forsythe S (2003). Risk profile of Enterobacter sakazakii, an emergent pathogen associated with infant milk Formula. Trend Food Sci Tech, 14, 443-453.
  • Kandler O, Weiss N (1986). Regular, Nonsporing Gram positive rods. Genus Lactobacillus. In, Sneath PHA, Mair NS, Sharpe ME, Holt JG (Eds): Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 2, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore M D, 1208-1234.
  • Seeliger HPR, Jones D (1986). Genus Listeria. 1235 - 1245. In: PHA Sneath, NS Mair, ME Sharpe, JG Holt (Eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD. New York.
  • Shadlia Matug M, Aidoo KE, Candlish AA, Elgerbi AM (2008). Evaluation of some antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria isolated from infant foods in North Africa. The Open Food Sci J, 2, 95-101.
  • Usera MA, Echeita A, Aladueña A, Blanco MC, Reymundo R, Prieto MI, Tello O, Cano R, Herrera D, Martinez - Navarro F (1996). Interregional foodborne salmonellosis outbreak due to powdered infant formula contaminated with lactose-fermenting Salmonella virchow. Eur J Epidemiol, 12, 377-381.
  • Wang X, Meng J, Zhang J, Zhou T, Zhang Y, Yang B, Xi M, Xia X (2012). Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from powdered infant Formula milk and infant rice cereal in China. Int J Food Microbiol, 153, 142-147.

The Microbiological Quality of Infant Milk and Follow - on Formula

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 31 - 34, 01.04.2015

Öz

This study was conducted for the purpose of evaluating the microbiological quality of commercially available infant formulas in terms of public health. A total of fifty infant milk and follow-on formulas (in jars or powder form) sold in markets in the province of Kars from five different international companies were analysed. Microbiological quality of samples were analysed with conventional culture method. According to the microbiological criteria specified in the Turkish Food Codex Regulation for Baby Food-Baby Formulas and Baby-İnfant Supplements, one sample (2%) was found to be in noncompliance with regard to total aerobic mesophilic organisms, 11 samples (22%) for the coliform bacteria count, eight samples (16%) for total yeast and mold counts and five samples (10%) for the B. cereus count. Furthermore, L. monocytogenes was identified in three samples (6%), Salmonella spp in two samples (4%), B. cereus in five samples (10%) and E. coli in seven samples (14%). In conclusion, thirteen (26%) of the fifty samples analyzed in this study failed to comply with the regulation, and they were found to contain pathogens that could cause serious health problems in babies. It has been demonstrated that baby foods and follow-on formulas can be a potential source of food poisoning with infants and pose a significant risk for babies

Kaynakça

  • Andrews WH, Hammack T (1995). Salmonella. Chapter 5. In: Bacteriological Analytic Manual, 8th Edt, FDA, US.
  • Anonymous (2007). Enterobacter sakazakii and other microorganisms in powdered infant formula: Meeting report. World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization Microbiological Risk Assessment Series 6. 2007; Last reviewed/updated 23 February, ISBN: 92 4 156262 5 (WHO)
  • Anonymous (2009a). Turkish Food Codex (TFC) Regulation. Communique amending the communique on infant formulae. Republic of Turkey Official Newspaper Number 06.02.2009 - 27133, Communication Number 2009/9. Ankara, Turkey.
  • Anonymous (2009b). Turkish Food Codex (TFC) Regulation. Infants and young children amendment the communique amending the communique on. Republic of Turkey Official Newspaper Number 06.02.2009-27133, No:2009-11. Ankara, Turkey.
  • Anonymus (2002 a, b). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Isolation and enumeration of Enterobacter sakazakii from dehydrated powdered infant formula. http://www.fda.gov/default.htm Access: 01.08.2014
  • Baumgartner A, Grand M, Liniger M, Iversen C (2009). Detection and frequency of Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) in different categories of ready-to-eat foods other than infant formula. Int J Food Microbiol, 136, 189-192.
  • Brouard C, Espıé E, Weill FX, Kérouanton A, Brisabois A, Forgue AM, Vaillant V, De Valk H (2007). Two consecutive large outbreaks of Salmonella enterica serotype Agona infections in infants linked to the consumption of powdered infant formula. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 26, 148152.
  • Chap J, Jackson P, Siqueira R, Gaspar N, Quintas C, Park J, Osaili T, Shaker R, Jaradat Z, Hartantyo SHP, Abdullah Sani N, Estuningsih S, Forsythe SJ (2009). International survey of Cronobacter sakazaki and other Cronabacter spp in follow up formulas and infant foods. Int J Food Microbiol, 136, 185-188.
  • Codex Alimentarius Commission (2008). Code of hygienic practice for powdered formulae for infants and young children. CAC/RCP 66.
  • Ergün F, Ergün Ö (1994). Ülkemizde tüketime sunulan yerli ve ithal bebek mamalarının genel mikrobiyolojik kaliteleri ve bazı patojenlerin varlığı yönünden incelenmesi. Gıda, 19, 373-376.
  • Ergün Ö, Aksu H, Arun ÖÖ, Çolak H (2002). Ülkemizde satılan bebek ve çocuk mamalarında gıda zehirlenmesine neden olan önemli bazı mikroorganizmaların varlığı üzerine araştırmalar. Gıda, 27, 253-257.
  • Farmer JJ, Kelly MT (1992). Enterobacteriaceae. In: A. Balows (editor). Manual of Clinical Microbiology. ASM, Washington, DC. pp. 360-383.
  • Feng P, Weagant SD (2011). Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Chapter 4a. In: Bacteriological Analytical Manual, FDA, US.
  • Halkman AK (2005). Merck Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi Uygulamaları. Başak Matbaacılık Ltd Şti, Ankara.
  • Hanson LA, Korotkova M, Telemo E (2003). Breast-feeding, infant formulas, and the immune system. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 90, 59-63.
  • Harrigan WF (1998). Laboratory Methods in Food Microbiology. Third ed., Academic Press, California, USA.
  • Hitchins AD (2011). Detection and Enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes in Foods. Chapter 10. In: Bacteriological Analytic Manual, FDA, US. ISO 6579 (2002). International Organization for Standardization. Microbiology - General guidance on methods for the detection of Salmonella, International Organization for Standardization, Geneve, Switzerland.
  • Iversen C, Forsythe S (2004). Isolation of Enterobacter sakazakii and other Enterobacteriaceae from powdered infant Formula milk and related products. Food Microbiol, 21, 771-777.
  • Iversen C, Forsythe S (2003). Risk profile of Enterobacter sakazakii, an emergent pathogen associated with infant milk Formula. Trend Food Sci Tech, 14, 443-453.
  • Kandler O, Weiss N (1986). Regular, Nonsporing Gram positive rods. Genus Lactobacillus. In, Sneath PHA, Mair NS, Sharpe ME, Holt JG (Eds): Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 2, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore M D, 1208-1234.
  • Seeliger HPR, Jones D (1986). Genus Listeria. 1235 - 1245. In: PHA Sneath, NS Mair, ME Sharpe, JG Holt (Eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD. New York.
  • Shadlia Matug M, Aidoo KE, Candlish AA, Elgerbi AM (2008). Evaluation of some antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria isolated from infant foods in North Africa. The Open Food Sci J, 2, 95-101.
  • Usera MA, Echeita A, Aladueña A, Blanco MC, Reymundo R, Prieto MI, Tello O, Cano R, Herrera D, Martinez - Navarro F (1996). Interregional foodborne salmonellosis outbreak due to powdered infant formula contaminated with lactose-fermenting Salmonella virchow. Eur J Epidemiol, 12, 377-381.
  • Wang X, Meng J, Zhang J, Zhou T, Zhang Y, Yang B, Xi M, Xia X (2012). Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from powdered infant Formula milk and infant rice cereal in China. Int J Food Microbiol, 153, 142-147.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA79BM37HG
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ciğdem Sezer Bu kişi benim

Leyla Vatansever Bu kişi benim

Nebahat Bilge Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2015
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Nisan 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Sezer, C., Vatansever, L., & Bilge, N. (2015). The Microbiological Quality of Infant Milk and Follow - on Formula. Van Veterinary Journal, 26(1), 31-34.
AMA Sezer C, Vatansever L, Bilge N. The Microbiological Quality of Infant Milk and Follow - on Formula. Van Vet J. Nisan 2015;26(1):31-34.
Chicago Sezer, Ciğdem, Leyla Vatansever, ve Nebahat Bilge. “The Microbiological Quality of Infant Milk and Follow - on Formula”. Van Veterinary Journal 26, sy. 1 (Nisan 2015): 31-34.
EndNote Sezer C, Vatansever L, Bilge N (01 Nisan 2015) The Microbiological Quality of Infant Milk and Follow - on Formula. Van Veterinary Journal 26 1 31–34.
IEEE C. Sezer, L. Vatansever, ve N. Bilge, “The Microbiological Quality of Infant Milk and Follow - on Formula”, Van Vet J, c. 26, sy. 1, ss. 31–34, 2015.
ISNAD Sezer, Ciğdem vd. “The Microbiological Quality of Infant Milk and Follow - on Formula”. Van Veterinary Journal 26/1 (Nisan 2015), 31-34.
JAMA Sezer C, Vatansever L, Bilge N. The Microbiological Quality of Infant Milk and Follow - on Formula. Van Vet J. 2015;26:31–34.
MLA Sezer, Ciğdem vd. “The Microbiological Quality of Infant Milk and Follow - on Formula”. Van Veterinary Journal, c. 26, sy. 1, 2015, ss. 31-34.
Vancouver Sezer C, Vatansever L, Bilge N. The Microbiological Quality of Infant Milk and Follow - on Formula. Van Vet J. 2015;26(1):31-4.

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