Nörotransmitter Maddeler ve Anatomik Lokalizasyonları

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 177 - 182, 20.12.2017

Osman Yılmaz Zafer Soygüder

Öz

Nörotransmitterler,
spesifik bir cevap oluşturmak için prespinaptik membrandan sinaps aralığına
salıverilen ve  postsinaptik membrandaki
bir reseptöre bağlanarak uyarıyı ileten kimyasal maddeler olarak tanımlanır.
Nörotransmitterler, plazma, serum, cerebrospinal sıvı, trombositler, salya ve
idrar da dahil olmak üzere çeşitli biyolojik sıvılarda bulunur. Beynin sinirsel
regülasyonunda ve vücuttaki spesifik biyolojik fonksiyonların yerine
getirilmesinde nörotransmitterlerin önemli bir rolü vardır. Bu derlemede,
nörotransmitter maddelerin tanımlanmasında kullanılan kriterler, etki
makanizması, sınınıflandırılması, salınımı, inaktivasyonu, tespit yöntemleri,
anatomik olarak yerleşim yeri ve görevlerinden bahsedilecektir.Nörotransmitterler,
spesifik bir cevap oluşturmak için prespinaptik membrandan sinaps aralığına
salıverilen ve  postsinaptik membrandaki
bir reseptöre bağlanarak uyarıyı ileten kimyasal maddeler olarak tanımlanır.
Nörotransmitterler, plazma, serum, cerebrospinal sıvı, trombositler, salya ve
idrar da dahil olmak üzere çeşitli biyolojik sıvılarda bulunur. Beynin sinirsel
regülasyonunda ve vücuttaki spesifik biyolojik fonksiyonların yerine
getirilmesinde nörotransmitterlerin önemli bir rolü vardır. Bu derlemede,
nörotransmitter maddelerin tanımlanmasında kullanılan kriterler, etki
makanizması, sınınıflandırılması, salınımı, inaktivasyonu, tespit yöntemleri,
anatomik olarak yerleşim yeri ve görevlerinden bahsedilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anatomik lokalizasyon, Nöroanatomi, Nörotransmitter madde

Neurotransmitter Substances and Anatomical Localizations

Öz

Neurotransmitters
are defined as chemical substances which are delivered to the synapse space of
the prespinaptic membrane and transmit a stimulus by binding to a receptor on
the postsynaptic membrane to form a spesific responce. Neurotransmitters are
found in a variety of biological fluids, including plasma, serum, cerebrospinal
fluid, thrombocytes, saliva and urine. Neurotransmitters have an important role
in brain neurological regulation and fulfillment of specific biological
functions in the body. In this review, neurotransmitter substances will be
mentioned in terms of the criteria used for their identification, mechanism of
effect, classification, release, inactivation, detection methods, anatomical
location and tasks.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anatomic localization, Neuroanatomy, Neurotransmitter substance

Kaynakça

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